Industries introduction
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The document discusses the industries surrounding two TV shows: "The Bridge" and "Life on Mars". It examines factors like production, distribution, ownership, funding, audiences, and regulations. For "The Bridge", it notes that it is a Swedish/Danish co-production involving public broadcasters SVT and DR, and discusses the economic context around international co-productions and funding. For "Life on Mars", it provides details about its production and distribution, and analyzes how it was marketed to audiences and how it fit the BBC's remit.
Industries introduction
- 1. BQ: How significant are the industries for ‘The Bridge’ and ‘Life on Mars’?
- 2. Things to consider Processes of production, distribution and circulation by organisations, groups and individuals in a global context The specialised and institutionalised nature of media production, distribution and circulation The significance of patterns of ownership and control including conglomerate ownership, vertical integration and diversification The significance of economic factors, including commercial and not-for-profit public funding, to media industries and their products How media organisations maintain, including through marketing, varieties of audiences nationally and globally The regulatory framework of contemporary media in the UK
- 3. LOM 2 series, 16 episodes Produced by Kudos Film/TV (“Spooks”, “Hustle”) for BBCWales Follow-up “Ashes to Ashes” US adaptation - pilot and one series starring Harvey Keitel (available onYouTube) Spanish and Russian versions produced. Produced as part of BBC’s Regional initiative – Manchester setting Broadcast in Australia, USA, New Zealand,Canada, France, Italy, Germany, Spain, Israel, Ireland, Sweden, Finland, the Netherlands, Hong Kong Originally developed for C4 but was dropped. Originated as “Ford Granada” and was rejected once by the BBC. Commissioned by BBCWales for BBC1. Matthew Graham,Tony Jordan,Ashley Pharaoh
- 4. The BBC’s remit Read the handout given and highlight all the key words. Then make a list of any that you are unsure of.
- 5. The BBC ‘BBC One’s remit is to be the BBC’s most popular mixed-genre television service across the UK, offering a wide range of high quality programmes. It should be the BBC’s primary outlet for major UK and international events and it should reflect the whole of the UK in its output. A very high proportion of its programmes should be original productions.’
- 6. BBCONE ‘BBC One programmes should exhibit some or all of the following characteristics: high quality, original, challenging, innovative and engaging, and it should nurture UK talent. BBC One should deliver its remit through high quality programmes with wide appeal across all genres.These should be commissioned from a wide pool of suppliers, demonstrate high production values, and feature the best talent – on and off screen. BBC One should regularly broadcast programmes of large scale and ambition and should encourage innovation delivered in a way that appeals to a broad audience, taking creative risks and regularly experimenting with new talent and ideas. BBC One should be the BBC’s main platform for television drama and, especially in peaktime, drama should be one of the biggest creators of BBC’s One’s impact with its audience. Content that comes from, and reflects, the nations, regions and communities of the UK should feature on BBC One’
- 7. Scheduling Look at this weeks tv guide and identify all theTV dramas your can. Why do you think crime dramas are needed by the BBC?
- 8. Scheduling of LOM Importance of crime dramas to channel/ratings (in US, 42% of people regularly watch crime drama, Parrot Analytics Cross- platform Hottest Genres Jan/Feb 2016 found high demand rating across 44 countries, Kayla Hegedus MIPblog.com found 29.55% watch crime drama regularly 8 x 1hr episodes Monday nights at 9pm. Peak viewing time. Post- watershed. After ‘EastEnders’ 20.00 and ‘OuttakeTV’ at 20.30, before BBC News at 10pm. Zoning of crime genre at this time is standard . Sometimes stripped over a number of evenings. Repeated April 2006 Sundays 10pm Average viewing figures of 6.8 M. Counter-programming/spoiling? Won slot against “Northern Lights” ITV1’s comedy-drama series. The first series’ finale gained 7.1 million viewers and a 28% audience share.
- 10. How is LOM marketed to audiences? Sold on star (John Simm- intertextuality with Doctor Who) Sold on character (Gene Hunt became iconic) Sold on intertextuality (old BBC idents etc) Sold on genre with a twist – focus on trailer Sold on enigma – social media buzz, particularly for “Ashes to Ashes” ending Sold as a BBC quality drama – mark of trust Sold worldwide (US DVD has different testimonials) Coverage in magazines – “event” of second series made front pages ofTV listings guides Some merchandising (e.g. calendar, spin-off books) Created series “brand” These elements target different audiences Hesmondhalgh argues that companies use these techniques to minimise risk and maximise profit.With its follow-up, “Ashes to Ashes”, “Life on Mars” reflects his notion of major media institutions formatting their own cultural products.
- 11. How successful was LOM in conforming to the BBC’s remit? Write 2-3 paragraphs to show how they have achieved this.
- 12. The Bridge
- 13. The things to consider…. Should be linked where relevant to social, cultural, economic, political, historical contexts. The significance of different ownership and/or funding models in the television industry (i.e. whether media companies are privately or publicly owned, whether they are publicly or commercially funded etc.) The growing importance of co-productions (including international co-productions) in the television industry today the way in which production values are shaped by economic factors The impact of risk aversion on television production (e.g. in terms of the commissioning and financing of programmes) The different sources of funding available to producers working in the television industry today.
- 14. Details Bron/Broen/The Bridge’: a Swedish/Danish co-production Series 3, Episode 1 Sat 21 Nov 2015 9pm BBC Four Written by Hans Rosenfeldt Original Network : SVT1 Sweden • DR1 Denmark UK Broadcasters: BBC 4 3 seasons, 30 episodes Production of series four has begun, with broadcasting scheduled for the spring of 2018.
- 15. ‘The Bridge’ Series 1 began with a body found half way between Sweden and Denmark on the Øresund Bridge linking Malmö to Copenhagen. Series 2 ended with Saga turning in her partner Martin for murdering the man who killed his son. Series 2 overview in seven minutes: overview Series 3: Episode 1:When a prominent Danish gender campaigner is found murdered in Malmö, Swedish detective Saga Norén is assigned a new Danish colleague to help with the investigation, but their relationship does not get off to a good start with feelings still running high about her involvement in sending her previous Danish partner to jail for murder. In Swedish and Danish with English subtitles. http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b06dl825
- 16. SVT SVT : SverigesTelevision SVT is the Swedish national public broadcaster Funded like BBC - television licence fee payable by all owners of television sets, set by the Riksdag. Sweden’sTelevision is a public limited company that can be described as a quango – a quasi-autonomous nongovernment organisation. Has regional offices and production facility in Malmö (used for ‘The Bridge’) Politically it is perceived as being leftist liberal Season three ofThe Bridge (Bron/Broen 2011-) premiered in Sweden on September 27, the same day as in Denmark. The episode attracted 1.5 million viewers in Sweden – about 1 in 7 of the population.
- 17. DR Danmarks Radio - Denmark’s national public-service broadcasting corporation. DR is funded by the levying of a licence fee, payable in Denmark by all owners of radios, television sets, and, in recent years, computers and other devices capable of receiving its content Politically it is perceived as being leftist liberal ‘It dominates Danish cultural life to the extent that, each week, ninety-seven per cent of the population listens to or watches something from itsWeb site or one of its ten radio stations and six television channels …Danes with televisions pay an annual licensing fee of about four hundred dollars, giving DR a yearly budget of six hundred and sixty million dollars. Because Denmark is small, and relatively heterogeneous, DR can attempt to appeal to almost everyone. It is both massoriented and high-minded—CBS and NPR, with a touch of HBO. Like the BBC, it is considered a tent pole of the nation’s identity, and even though it is by definition apolitical, it is suspected in certain quarters of harboring a left-wing agenda.’ Lauren Collins inThe NewYorker http://www. newyorker.com/magazine/2013/01/07/danish- postmodern
- 18. Danish television funding Drama and quality programming are often financed through (1) co-funding with external partners (most often foreign broadcasters and/or foreign distributors); (2) canned programming sales; (3) pre-sales of canned programming; (4) format/remake sales (5) international funds, both regional and international as well as pan-national funds. The Journal of PopularTelevision,Volume 4, Number 1When public service drama travels:The internationalization of Danish television drama and the associated production funding models Authors: Jensen, Pia Majbritt; Nielsen, Jakob Isak;Waade,Anne Marit
- 19. Industrial/Economic context Audio interview with the producer of ‘The Bridge’Anders Landström with transcript and focus on additional funding from the EU Creative MEDIA programme. European content https://ec.europa.eu/programmes/creative-europe/content/creative- europe-backs-scandinavian-crime-saga_en ‘The Copenhagen Film Fund is actively investing in the series with the aim of bringing much of the series’ production to Denmark in order to secure more employment for Danish film talent – a larger Danish crew has already been signed on for the shoot. ensuring that the Danish film industry benefits not only economically, but also from the high visibility to international audiences’ Copenhagen film fund Co-production between Filmlance in Sweden and Nimbus Film in Denmark as main producers of the series, co-producing with CFF and Film i Skåne as well as various other European partners People are employed by Filmlance and by Swedish laws and regulations but we are filming and shooting in both countries. Most of it is going to be shot in Malmö in the south of Sweden
- 20. Economic context They received a €1 million grant received from Creative Europe MEDIA in terms of supporting and maintaining the programme’s high production values (Creative Europe provide financial backing for high quality, high budget EuropeanTV drama series)
- 21. Economic context Spend 20 minutes reading and making notes on the links on the previous articles. Focus on the economic context. What would you include in the response to the question below? Discuss the impact of economic context on ‘The Bridge’?
- 22. Airing on BBC 4 BBC Four – UK broadcaster BBC Four has a service budget of £48.7 million in 2016/17. BBC Four’s primary role is to reflect a range of UK and international arts, music and culture. It should provide an ambitious range of innovative, high quality programming that is intellectually and culturally enriching , taking an expert and in-depth approach to a wide range of subjects. It should offer international and foreign language feature films and a range of foreign language dramas and documentaries. Foreign language output should regularly be subtitled, including in peaktime, to allow people from around the world to be heard in their own voices.
- 23. Scheduling ‘The Bridge’ Importance of crime dramas to channel/ratings (in US, 42% of people regularly watch crime drama, Parrot Analytics Cross-platform Hottest Genres Jan/Feb 2016 found high demand rating across 44 countries, Kayla Hegedus MIPblog.com found 29.55% watch crime drama regularly) They were first broadcast onWednesday nights at 8pm in Denmark and 9pm in Sweden. By screening the final episode immediately after episode 9, DR1 managed to screen episode 10 simultaneously with SVT1. In the UK it filled the Saturday night 9pm “Subtitled drama” slot that had previously been occupied by e.g. Les Revenants, Hostages etc In the UK, the series was shown in weekly two episode blocks on BBC Four and BBC HD from 21 April 2012 The DailyTelegraph reported in February 2014 thatThe Bridge was on screen in 174 countries. TheTelegraph Remakes – US for FX– ‘The Bridge’ with Diane Kruger. Anglo/French – ‘TheTunnel’