windpower11slides1-150319091424-conversion-gate01.pdf
- 1. 1 Wind Energy A Renewable Source of Energy Presentation By Sanjana and Alekhya 2nd Year EEE Department BVRIT Hyderabad
- 2. 2 Renewable Energy Energy is basically classified into 2 categories. Renewable and Non Renewable. Non Renewable sources are Coal, Petrol etc... Renewable Sources are Solar, Biomass, Wind, Water etc…
- 3. 3 Wind Energy Outline History Context Working Advantages Site Selection Disadvantages Economics Improvement Future
- 4. 4 Wind Energy History 1200 to 1850 Golden era of windmills started in western Europe – 50,000 1850’s Multiblade turbines for water pumping made and marketed in U.S 1850 – 1930 As many as 6,000,000 units installed in US Midwest 1936+ US Rural Electrification Administration extends the grid to isolated rural sites. Grid Electricity rapidly displaced multiblade turbines
- 5. Wind Energy - What is it? All renewable energy (except tidal and geothermal power), ultimately comes from the sun. The earth receives 1.74 x 1017 watts of power (per hour) from the sun. About one or 2 percent of this energy is converted to wind energy (which is about 50-100 times more than the energy converted to biomass by all plants on earth). Differential heating of the earth’s surface and atmosphere induces vertical and horizontal air currents that are affected by the earth’s rotation and contours of the land WIND. Ex: Land Sea Breeze Cycle
- 6. Windmill Design A Windmill captures wind energy and then uses a generator to convert it to electrical energy. The design of a windmill is an integral part of how efficient it will be. When designing a windmill, one must decide on the size of the turbine, and the size of the generator.
- 8. 8 Increasingly Significant Power Source Wind could generate 6% of nation’s electricity by 2020. Wind currently produces less than 1% of the nation’s power. Source: Energy Information Agency
- 9. 9 Advantages of Wind Power Environmental Benefits Economic Development Benefits Fuel Diversity & Conservation Benefits Cost Stability Benefits
- 10. 10 Pollution from Electric Power 23% 28% 33% 34% 70% 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% Toxic Heavy Metals Particulate Matter Nitrous Oxides Carbon Dioxide Sulfur Dioxide Percentage of U.S. Emissions Electric power is a primary source of industrial air pollution
- 11. 11 Density = P/(RxT) P - pressure (Pa) R - specific gas constant (287 J/kgK) T - air temperature (K) = 1/2 x air density x swept rotor area x (wind speed)3 ρ A V3 Area = π r2 Instantaneous Speed (not mean speed) kg/m3 m2 m/s Power in the Wind (W/m2 )
- 12. 12 Site Selection Technical Factors affecting site selection: High Average annual wind speed Low Cost of Construction Close Distance from Utility line or customers Prevailing wind Direction Surface Roughness Obstacle Height, Dis >5OH, OH, <0.5HH
- 13. 13 Disadvantages Birds - A Serious Obstacle Noise Disturbances Cost of Wind Turbine Threat to Wildlife Wind Can Never Be Predicted Suited To Particular Region Visual Impact
- 14. 14 Wind Energy Natural Characteristics Wind Speed Height Air density Blade swept area
- 15. 15 Turbines Constantly Improving Larger turbines Specialized blade design Power electronics Computer modeling Produces more efficient design Manufacturing improvements
- 16. 16 Improved Capacity Factor Performance Improvements due to: Better sitting Larger turbines/energy capture Technology Advances Higher reliability Capacity factors > 35% at good sites Examples (Year 2000) Big Spring, Texas 37% CF in first 9 months Springview, Nebraska 36% CF in first 9 months
- 17. 17 Expectations for Future Growth 20,000 total turbines installed by 2010 6% of electricity supply by 2020 India now ranks as a “wind superpower” having a net potential of about 45000 MW only from 13 identified states. 100,000 MW of wind power installed by 2020
- 18. 18 The Future of Wind - Offshore • 1.5 - 6 MW per turbine • 60-120 m hub height • 5 km from shore, 30m deep ideal • Gravity foundation, pole, or tripod formation • Shaft can act as artificial reef • Drawbacks- T&D losses (underground cables lead to shore) and visual eye sore
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- 20. 20 Ancient Resource Meets 21st Century
- 21. Thank you Any Queries ?? Project Guide: COL Dr. SURENDRA Visionary Lighting and Energy INDIA Ltd.