Image proccessing slide share

IMAGE PROCESSING
S Y E D M U H A M M A D S H O A I B A K H T A R
syedshaiby7578@gmail.com
Insta@syedshaiby

CONTENTS
This presentation covers:
 What is image processing?
 Steps
 Purpose of image processing
 Types of image processing
 Components of image processing
 Future scope
 Advantage and disadvantages
 Conclusion
 Reference

WHAT IS IMAGE PROCESSING?
Image processing is a method to perform some operations on an
image, in order to get an enhanced image or to extract some
useful information from it. It is a type of signal processing in
which input is an image and output may be image or
characteristics/features associated with that image.

STEPS:
Image processing basically includes the following three
steps:
1. Importing the image via image acquisition tools;
2. Analysing and manipulating the image;
3. Output in which result can be altered image or report that is
based on image analysis.

APPLICATIONS
o Face detection
o Feature detection
o Non-photorealistics rendering
o Medical image processing
o Microscope image processing
o Morphological image processing
o Remote sensing
o Automated sieving procedures
o Finger print recognization

There are two types of methods used for image
processing namely.
• Analogue image processing.
Analogue image processing can be used for the hard copies like
printouts and photographs.
• Digital image processing.
Digital image processing techniques help in manipulation of the digital
images by using computers. The three general phases that all types of
data have to undergo while using digital technique are pre-processing,
enhancement, and display, information extraction.

PURPOSE OF IMAGE PROCESSING
Visualization-observe the objects that are not visible.
Image sharpening and restoration-To create a better image.
Image retrievel-Seek for the image of interest.
Measurement of pattern-Measures various objects in an image.
Image Recogination-Distinguish the objects in an image.

TYPES OF IMAGE PROCESSING:
Analog image processing
Digital image processing
Optical image processing

© 2002 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
X- RAYS
X-ray images from the space
The Chandra X-Ray Observatory

WHAT IS AN IMAGE
An image is nothing more than a two dimensional
signal. It is defined by the mathematical
function f(x,y) where x and y are the two co-
ordinates horizontally and vertically.
The value of f(x,y) at any point is gives the pixel
value at that point of an image.
The above figure is an example of digital image
that you are now viewing on your computer
screen. But actually , this image is nothing but
a two dimensional array of numbers ranging
between 0 and 255.

OPTICAL IMAGE PROCESSING:
Optical image, the apparent reproduction of an object,
formed by a lens or mirror system from reflected,
refracted, or diffracted light waves.
Two kinds:
 Real
 virtual
Examples of real images are those made by a camera
lens on film or a projection lens on a motion-picture
screen

Comparison element Analog signal Digital signal
Analysis Difficult Possible to analyze
Representation Continuous Discontinuous
Accuracy More accurate Less accurate
Storage Infinite memory Easily stored
Subject to Noise Yes No
Recording Technique Original signal is preserved Samples of the signal are taken and
preserved
Examples Human voice, Thermometer, Analog
phones e.t.c
Computers, Digital Phones, Digital
pens, e.t.c
Difference between analog and digital signals

Computer graphics
Computer graphics deals with the formation of images from object models, rather
then the image is captured by some device. For example: Object rendering.
Generating an image from an object model. Such a system would look something
like this.
Artificial intelligence
Artificial intelligence is more or less the study of putting human intelligence into
machines. Artificial intelligence has many applications in image processing. For
example: developing computer aided diagnosis systems that help doctors in
interpreting images of X-ray , MRI e.t.c and then highlighting conspicuous section to
be examined by the doctor.

COMPONENTS OF IMAGE PROCESSING:
 Image sensors
 Image displays
 Image processing
 Software(OpenCv,Matlab,CIMG)
 Image processing hardware
 Memory

FUTURE
We all are in midst of revolution ignited by fast
development in computer technology and
imaging.
Against common belief, computers are not
able to match humans in calculation related
to image processing and analysis.

Advantages:
 This one is more accurate than the overlapping method
because it is based upon minuita.
 It is an interactive method for recognizing fingerprints.
Disadvantages:
 It is more time consuming as compared to the former.
 More complex program.

CONCLUSION:
Remember digitization implies that a digital image
is an approximation of a real scene

REFERENCE
www.google.com/Imageprocessing
www.wikipedia.com/Imageprocessing

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