Introduction of c language
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Low-level languages like machine language and assembly language use binary digits (0s and 1s) that computers can directly understand, while high-level languages like C, Fortran, and Pascal use symbols and words to simplify programming for humans. High-level languages require translators like compilers and interpreters to convert programs into machine-readable binary code. C was originally developed in the early 1970s and became widely popular for writing operating systems like UNIX and languages like PHP and programs like Linux. It has a character set that includes letters, digits, and symbols with ASCII values.
![C Character
Set
Alphabets
Digits
Symbols
Lower case letters - a to z
UPPER CASE LETTERS - A to Z
0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9
~ @ # $ % ^ & * ( ) _ - + = { } [ ] ; : ' "
/ ? . > , < | tab newline space null
bell backspace vertical tab etc.,
Note :- Every character in C language has its equivalent
ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange)
value.
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Introduction of c language
- 1. Introduction of c language – PART -1 Mrs. Teena Bosamiya ENDLESS TECHNOLOGY SOLUTIONS
- 2. Introduction of computer languages Low Level Language Machine Language Assembly Language High Level Language C Language Fortran Language Pascal Language Endless Technology Solutions 2
- 3. Low level languages are the machine codes in which the instructions are given in machine language in the form of 0 and 1 to a Computer system. There are various programs and applications written in low level languages that are directly executable without any interpretation or translation. The most famous and the base of all programming languages “C” and “C++” are mostly used Low level languages till today. Low level language is also divided into two parts are Machine language and Assembly language. Machine Language is one of the low-level programming languages which is the first generation language developed for communicating with a Computer. It is written in machine code which represents 0 and 1 binary digits inside the Computer string which makes it easy to understand and perform the operations. As we know a Computer system can recognize electric signals so here 0 stands for turning off electric pulse and 1 stands for turning on electric pulse. It is very easy to understand by the Computer and also increases the processing speed. Assembly Language is the second generation programming language.The programs that have been written using words, names and symbols in assembly language are converted to machine language using an Assembler. Because a Computer only understands machine code languages that’s why we need an Assembler that can convert the Assembly level language to Machine language so the Computer gets the instruction and responds quickly. Endless Technology Solutions 3
- 4. The high level languages are the most used and also more considered programming languages that helps a programmer to read, write and maintain. It is also the third generation language that is used and also running till now by many programmers. We need The translator may be an interpreter and Compiler that helps to convert into binary code for a Computer to understand. There are several high level languages that were used earlier and also now like COBOL, FORTRAN, BASIC, C, C++, PASCAL, LISP, Ada, Algol, Prolog and Java. It is user-friendly as the programs are written in English using words, symbols, characters, numbers that needs to be converted to machine code for processing. Endless Technology Solutions 4
- 5. Introduction of Programming Concept 5 basic concepts of any programming language: Control Structures Variable Data Structure Syntax Tools Endless Technology Solutions 5
- 6. Introduction & History of C Language In 1988, the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) had formalized the C language. invented to write UNIX operating system. successor of 'Basic Combined Programming Language' (BCPL) called B language. 1 2 3 C has been written in assembly language. 6 Linux OS, PHP, and MySQL are written in C. 4 C was originally developed by Dennis Ritchie at AT&T Bell Labs between 1969 and 1973. 5 Endless Technology Solutions 6
- 7. C Character Set Alphabets Digits Symbols Lower case letters - a to z UPPER CASE LETTERS - A to Z 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 ~ @ # $ % ^ & * ( ) _ - + = { } [ ] ; : ' " / ? . > , < | tab newline space null bell backspace vertical tab etc., Note :- Every character in C language has its equivalent ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange) value. Endless Technology Solutions 7
- 8. Thank you. Endless Technology Solutions 8