Gladiolus
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The document provides detailed guidelines for the cultivation of gladiolus (Gladiolus spp), covering aspects such as climate, soil requirements, propagation methods, planting systems, and nutritional needs. It also includes plant protection strategies against pests and diseases, along with harvesting and post-harvest treatment information. Key practices highlighted include staking, earthing up, and the importance of maintaining certain conditions for optimal growth and yield, which can reach 2.0 - 2.5 lakh flower stalks per hectare.
Gladiolus
- 1. GLADIOLUS DDA SO / IBPS AFO/ ICAR / HO /OTHER AGRICULTURE EXAMS Agri silvi Agri silvi DDA SO special DDA SO special
- 2. GLADIOLUS (Gladiolus spp) FAMILY -- Iridaceae Varieties • Tropic Sea, White Prosperity, Priscilla, Summer Sunshine, Pusa Swarnima, Jackson Ville Gold, KKL.1, Archana, Basant Bahar, Indrani, Kalima, Kohra, Aarti, Arka Kesar, Darshan, Dhiraj, Agnirekha, Archana, Bindiya, Shree Ganesh
- 3. Climate: Subtropical and temperate temperature range of 27 - 30°C It requires full exposure to sunlight and performs well with long day conditions of 12 to 14 hour photoperiod. Soil: soil should rich in organic matter with pH of 6 to 7. Season This crop requires minimum 10 hours of sunlight to over come blindness.
- 4. Propagation: Commercial propagation is through corms. breaking corm dormancy Cold storage of corms at 3 to 7°C for 3 months treatment with Ethrel (1000ppm) or GA3 (100ppm) or Thiourea (500 ppm)
- 6. Field preparation and planting: Beds of size 6 x 2 m are prepared and corms are planted at a depth of 5 cm adopting a spacing of 40 x 25 cm (88,888 plants/ha) or 25 x 25 cm (1,60,000 plants/ha). Planting season: October for plains and March-April for hills. Planting system Ridges and furrows system is adopted Nutrition: 120 kg N, 150 kg P2O5 and 150 kg K2O per hectare is recommended
- 7. Special practices: Staking: Large flowered varieties should be staked to avoid lodging. In case Strings instead of stakes may be used at the time of the appearance of the spikes where spikes grow longer or stems are not strong enough to bear the lodging or mild stroke of wind, they are supported with about 1.5 meters strong stakes. Earthing up When the shoots are about 20 cm high they are covered by heaping the soil up to a height of 10 to 15cm
- 8. Plant protection Pests Thrips: Spray Dimethoate 30 EC @ 2ml/l or Fenitrothion 50 EC @ 2ml/l or Malathion 50 EC @ 2ml/l Semi looper and Helicoverpa: Methyl Demeton 25 EC or Monocrotophos @ 2ml/l or Dimethoate 30 EC @ 2ml/l Diseases Leaf spot: Foliar application of Carbendazim @ 1g/l or Mancozeb @ 2g/l Core or spongy rot: Foliar application of Benomyl @ 1 kg/ha Bacterial scab blight and spots: Dipping the corms in 1:100 Mercuric chloride solution for 12 hours before planting.
- 9. Harvesting of spikes: Gladiolus takes 110-120 days to produce spikes. While harvesting, at least four basal leaves should be retained on the plant to ensure proper development of corms and cormels. Post harvest treatment and Grading Soak the stem in water to avoid wilting and lodging of stem and flower. Based on stem length and number of florets, the spikes are grouped into A, B, C, D grades. Yield 2.0 - 2.5 lakh flower stalks/ha/crop
- 10. 1) For cut spikes storage temperature? 2) Gladiolus is__ month crop? 3) Hilling is important operation of? 4) Leaf scorch of gladioli is due to? 5) For Leaf scorch of Gladiolus another term is used? 6) Fluoride toxicity seen on? 1. 1-2 °C for 2 weeks 2. 7 3. Gladiolus 4. Heavy application of super phosphate 5. Fluoride injury 6. Tip of leaves
- 11. 1)BIRTH MONTH FLOWER OF AUGUST ? 2)Queen of Bulb ? 3)Sword lilly ? 4)Origin of Tetraploid Gladiolus? 5)Origin of diploid Gladiolus? 6)Chromosome number in Tetraploid Gladiolus? 7)Commercial propagation method?
- 12. 1. Gladiolus 2. Gladiolus 3. Gladiolus 4. Africa and Asia minor 5. Europe 6. 2n=30 7. Corms