Soil order II AGRI SILVI GURU II SOIL SCIENCE II STEPS BY STEP GUIDE
Download as PPTX, PDF1 like141 views
The document outlines the U.S. soil taxonomy, identifying 12 major soil orders characterized by their development and properties. It categorizes soils into various series and types based on specific traits, like texture and landscape position. Four generalizations about soil development patterns are discussed, reflecting the influence of climate on soil characteristics and fertility.
Soil order II AGRI SILVI GURU II SOIL SCIENCE II STEPS BY STEP GUIDE
- 1. SOIL ORDER NONSENSE SYMBOL ???
- 3. The soil taxonomy used in the U.S. recognizes 12 major soil groups, called soil orders Most agronomic and ecosystem studies classify soils to the level of a soil series (similar profile characteristics such as type, thickness, and properties of the soil horizons) Soil series can be further subdivided into types based on the texture Soil series can be further subdivided into phases based on information such as landscape position, stoniness, and salinity
- 4. Trrifolium repens Vs SOIL Miami series
- 5. Soil order DERIVATIO N Major characteristics Typical occurrence Entisols Ent : non- sense No well-developed horizons Sand deposits, plowed fields Inceptisols Ept : beginning Weakly developed soils Young or eroded soils Histosols Histos: tissue Highly organic; low oxygen Peatland, bog Gelisol Gelid : very cold Presence of permafrost Tundra, boreal forest
- 6. Andisols Ando : black soil From volcanic ejecta; moderately developed horizons Recent volcanic areas Aridisols Aridus : dry Dry soils with little leaching Arid areas Mollisols Mollis : soft Deep, dark-colored A horizon with >50% base saturation Grasslands, some deciduous forests Vertisols Verto : turn High content (>30%) of swelling clays; crack deeply when dry Grassland with distinct wet and dry seasons Alfisols Alf : nonsense symbol Enough precipitation to leach clays into a B horizon; >50% base saturation Moist forests; shrublands
- 7. Spodosols Spodos : wood ash Sandy leached (E) horizon; acidic B horizon; surface organic accumulation Cold, wet climates, usually beneath conifer forests Ultisols Ultimus : last Clay-rich B horizon, low base saturation Wet tropical/subtropic al climate; forest or savanna Oxisols oxide Highly leached horizon on old landforms Hot, humid tropics beneath forests
- 10. Four generalizations emerge from this broad comparison of soil orders: Nearly half (40%) of Earth’s soils show minimal soil development and therefore largely reflect the properties of their parent material and current climate. Wet environments tend to produce acidic leached soils, whereas dry environments produce basic ones in which cations accumulate.
- 11. Weathering and soil formation occur most rapidly in warm, wet climates, where plant productivity is greatest. Weathering is accentuated with time. The quantity, quality, and turnover rate of soil organic matter are sensitive to climate and strongly influence soil fertility and other soil properties