Exam answers 2011

Mark Scheme (Results)

June 2011

GCSE Physical Education (5PE01)
Paper 01

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June 2011
Publications Code UG028519
All the material in this publication is copyright © Edexcel Ltd 2011

Question Answer Mark
Number
1(a) B
An increase in serotonin (1)

Number
1(b) C
Resources (1)

Number
1(c) C
Power
(1)

Number
1(d) A
Sergeant Jump test (1)

Number
1(e) D
Two hours (1)

Number
1(f) D
High jumper (1)

Number
1(g) C
Foods high in saturated fat (e.g. butter, crisps) (1)

Number
1(h) C
An increase in vital capacity (1)

Number
1(i) B
Hamstrings (1)

Number
1(j) D
Vitamin D (1)

Number
2(a)
1. Working with a team/ in a team / others / teamwork
2. to achieve common goal/equiv

Do not allow any reference to social / friends / helps you cooperate
(1 x 1) (1)

Number
2(b)
1. Working against an opponent/trying to beat personal best/equiv /
trying to win / trying to be the best

NB Do not award if reference to standard of competition

Do not allow goal setting / targets / personal challenge / playing a
match unless qualified
(1 x 1) (1)

Number
2(c) Accept any two from the following (max one/line)

1. Work body to limit / push yourself harder
2. Because you are working physically hard you need to be mentally
tough to keep going/keep motivated/equiv
3. E.g. Not wanting to give up in marathon even though body is
tired/Scared of abseiling but overcome fear and complete activity

Do not accept target setting
(2 x 1) (2)

Number
3 Accept any two from the following (max one/line)

1. Programmes are concerned with participation/getting more
involved in sport / providing more opportunities
2. This can be a physical health benefit (allow appropriate example:
drop in resting blood pressure; reduction in cholesterol / reduction
in obesity)
3. Mental benefit(allow appropriate example: increased serotonin
therefore ‘feel good’; fun / increase self-esteem)
4. Social benefit (allow appropriate example: social mixing)
5. Accept reference to five-a-day / improving diet /
6. Educated about diet / reference to raising awareness of healthy
lifestyle

Do not accept simple statements, e.g. increased fitness / balanced
diet / regular exercise as question asks for explanation

Do not credit descriptions of initiatives
(2 x 1) (2)

Number
4 Only credit each component once

Long Distance Runner Sprinter

Component Cardiovascular Power/Strength
used by
performer fitness/Muscular endurance (accept
CV / stamina if given)

Component Cardiovascular fitness/ Muscular Power/Strength
used by endurance (accept CV / stamina if
performer given)

How one of CV ME Power Strength
components
is used by Maintain Repeated muscle For Combine
performer pace/ allows contractions to effective with
them to run maintain / good speed to
long distances performance/speed start/ provide
without tiring / work muscles for a leave power/
/ oxygen long time without blocks equiv /
delivery/CO2 tiring quickly / push off
removal generate blocks
force to harder
move
quickly/
run faster

Do not
accept
answers
related to
energy

NB If choice is incorrect, no access to explanation
NB If explanation does not match first choice, no credit given.

(6 x 1) (6)

Number
5(a)
1. One mark for resting HR lower than recovery rate
2. One mark for correct style (line graph) and shape as shown below

If bar chart / no line, can access point 1 but no access to point 2.

(2 x 1) (2)

Number
5(b) Working – highest value, (as heart has to work harder to supply more
blood carrying oxygen to working muscles / heart beats faster when
working)
Recovery – higher than resting HR / as insufficient time to return to
resting HR/not enough time to recover /repaying oxygen debt /
equiv

(2 x 1) (2)

Number
6(ai)
1. Accept specific comment e.g. Eat too much become overweight /
places strain on vital organs/equiv
2. E.g. Don’t eat enough become anorexic/equiv
3. E.g. Eating wrong diet can cause health problems, e.g. heart
attack

Do not accept eat right nutrients for exercise / energy / protein for
recovery / must be a healthy diet / not diet as in dieting.

Do not accept one-word answers
(1 x 1) (1)

Number
6(aii) Allows recovery / less prone to illness/injury / mental health issues
/ stress / exhaustion / equiv

Accept reverse, i.e. insufficient time for recovery/more prone to
illness / mental health issues / stress / exhaustion / equiv

(1 x 1) (1)

Number
6(b)
1. Accept reference to protein if related to muscle / repair / food
for energy / equiv
2. Accept reference to carbohydrates/fats for energy for activity
3. Accept reference to balance between input - output / eat calories
- burning off / eat in ratio to exercise / activity
4. Balance diet therefore well enough to exercise

(1 x 1) (1)

Number
7(a) Any two from following:
1. Fractured cheek/cranium/skull/jaw / broken teeth/nose
2. Dislocated jaw/ (accept nose)
3. Bruising / black eye
4. Cuts/abrasions/friction burns/nose bleed
5. Concussion
6. Although not on specification accept detached retina/equiv /
whiplash

NB maximum one injury per line, e.g. 1 mark for broken nose /
broken jaw

Do not accept swollen eye / head injury / shock
Do not accept brain damage / soft tissue injury / neck injury /
dizziness
Do not accept fracture/dislocation on their own
(2 x 1) (2)

Number
7(b)
1. RICE
2. rest, ice, compression, elevation
3. rest, ice, comfortable support, elevation

(1 x 1) (1)

Number
7(c) Any three from following:
1. Warm up
2. Application of rules (e.g. studs not showing in tackle / remove
jewellery) / officials / lifeguards
3. Correct fitness level/PAR-Q/adequate recovery allowed
4. Correct clothing/footwear/personal effects (allow shin pads,
helmets, gum shields i.e. things you put on)
5. Balanced competition/all aspects
6. Correct equipment (e.g. crash mats/padding around posts) /
resources (e.g. spotters)
7. Check grounds / performance area / risk assessment/ equiv

NB. If activity not stated use first answer to establish nature of
activity on which to base relevance of response.
If applicable to any activity credit, e.g. warm-up

Do not accept cool-down
(3 x 1) (3)

Number
8(ai) Peptide hormones/EPO
(1)

Number
8(aii) Narcotic analgesics

Do not accept narcotic(s)
(1)

Number
8(aiii) Beta blockers
(1)

Number
8(aiv) Diuretics
(1)

Number
8(b) Pressure/to win/wants to be the best/prize money/fame/improve
performance/gain advantage/train harder (or longer)/gain outweighs
risks / quicker recovery from injury/equiv

Do not accept addictive / won’t get caught
(1)

Number
8(c) Any one from:
Dehydration
Nausea/sickness
Kidney/liver failure/damage

Do not accept damage to organs / heart problems / death
(1)

Number
9(a)
Body System Health risk associated with smoking for this
damaged by system
smoking
Cardiovascular increase chance of heart
(system) attack/failure/CHD/heart
Accept circulatory disease/stroke/angina/blood clots
Do not accept Max 1
heart / CV
Respiratory increase chance of lung cancer/lung disease/
(system) respiratory disease/ emphysema/ bronchitis /
Do not accept increased chance of asthma
lungs Max 1

Systems can be in any order – only credit each system once

Do not accept high blood pressure/heart problems/breathing
difficulty/lung failure/clogs up arteries/throat cancer

NB can credit risk if system not stated in first column ONLY if
obvious which system referred to in second column. E.g. cancer too
vague; lung cancer is OK.

(4 x 1) (4)

Number
9(b) Any one of following:
1. Decrease (accept alternative words but must imply decrease) in
performance in practical activity (e.g. decrease in stamina)/
reduction in oxygen carrying capacity of blood
2. role model/bad image/bad example

Do not accept health risks
(1 x 1) (1)

Number
10 Any three of the following:
1. (Amount of) oxygen consumed / used / needed / paying back /
replaced.

Do not credit if in context of exercising/during exercise
2. during recovery / after exercise / after anaerobic work
3. above that normally used at rest
4. shortfall in the available oxygen

(3 x 1) (3)

Number
11 Any two of the following:
1. Allows movement (through the use of joints)/equiv
2. Provides a place for muscle attachment/equiv
3. Protects vital organs (so can play sport) /protection to reduce
chances of injury/equiv
4. Provides shape/support for an upright position/equiv (eg support
for a balance)

Accept answers relating to blood production (although not
on spec) IF related to O carrying energy production.
2

(2 x 1) (2)

Number
12(a) Bicep/s
Bicep brachii
(1)

Number
12(b) Abduction

NOT adduction
(1)

Number
13(a) Any one of following:
1. Improve fitness (eg increased strength / increased muscular
endurance)
2. Accept any fitness adaptation – e.g drop in resting heart rate /
cardiac hypertrophy
3. Accept any possible physical health gain – e.g reduction in risk of
osteoporosis / weight loss if overweight

Accept any regular or long-term effects identified in Q15.

Do not accept mental / social benefits
(1 x 1) (1)

Number
13(b) Performance, Elite, Professional, Excellence

Do not accept Performer, Performs, Performing, Participant,
Semi-pro
(1)

Number
13(c)

Tick most Explanation why fitness test is
relevant relevant to football player
fitness test
for football
player

Illinois Agility 1. Measures fitness that is
Run used in game (e.g have to
change direction quickly to
Hand grip beat opponent)/ equiv
strength test
2. Accept reasons why others
Standing Stork not valid, e.g. components
test not used as much in game

(2 x 1)
(2)

Number
13(d) Specificity

Do not accept specific / specify
(1)

Number
13(e)

Cross-country runner Footballer

How training method How training method
would be adapted by Rob would be adapted by
Training Imran
Method that
can be used by
both boys
Accept any:
Interval How training method How training method
Continuous implemented by long implemented by
Fartlek distance runner eg if footballer eg if fartlek –
Circuit fartlek – running over focus on change of pace
Weight different terrains
Cross Identifies specific
Identifies specific components of fitness
Do not accept components of fitness required in activity eg
Cooper run required in activity eg circuit includes exercises
circuit includes exercises for muscular strength
for muscular endurance
Accept specific examples
Accept specific examples of training sessions eg if
of training sessions eg if weight training, low reps,
weight training, high reps, high weights
low weights.

NB Answers need to relate to IMPLEMENTATION of training method
not why the method benefits the performer
NB If training method incorrect, do not accept anything else
NB The method of training has to be consistent with both performers

(3 x 1) (3)

Number
13(f)
(i) Aerobic / Aerobically
(ii) Anaerobic / Anaerobically
(iii) Anaerobic / Anaerobically
(iv) Aerobic / Aerobically
(4 x 1) (4)

Number
13(gi) Any two from:
1. Motivates therefore likely to continue to train / push / makes
them work harder / reduces boredom / task persistence / challenge
yourself / increase self-esteem when achieved.
2. Gives clear/specific goals / aims to achieve so once achieved can
aim higher / gives focus / something to work towards
3. Allows them to monitor progress / analyse progress / decrease
stress / know that you have improved
4. Encourages training to be planned/structured to achieve targets
so therefore more effective training

Do not accept improves performance unless qualified
(2 x 1) (2)

Number
13(gii) Credit any appropriate example, e.g. beat PB by 10 seconds/
complete race within 25 min/equiv

NB. Need to consider individual candidate response as alternative
acceptable answers could be given based on distance of race
NB Needs numbers/ equivalent
NB Accept answers relating to Imran

Do not accept measure how fast he can run
(1)

Question 14
Use indicative content on next page to place into correct level
Level Mark Descriptor
Level 0 No rewardable material
0
Level 1-2 max Candidates will produce brief and narrative responses, making
1 (including a limited number of simple statements, probably with limited
QWC) reference to the question.

Candidate’s writing communicates ideas using everyday
language, but lacks clarity and organisation. There will be
frequent errors in candidates’ spelling, grammar and
punctuation.

1 or 2 content marks, no need for balance
0 or 1 QWC (insufficient correct content to award 2 for QWC)

Level 3-4 max Candidates’ responses will be mostly accurate and include
2 (including relevant factual material. Shows some understanding through
QWC) description and explanation, although content more reflective
of description than explanation

Candidate’s writing communicates with accurate use of
appropriate terminology, and the organisation of the response
shows some direction and control. There will be few errors in
candidates’ spelling, grammar and punctuation.

2 or 3 content marks
If 3 content must span two aspects of question
0,1 or 2 for QWC

Level 5-6 max Candidates will offer factually accurate and sustained
3 (including responses that relate well to the focus of the question and
QWC) have successfully addressed all aspects of the question. Shows
sound understanding and can provide a clear description and
explanation.

Candidate’s writing communicates ideas effectively using
appropriate terminology, and organises material clearly and
coherently. Spelling, punctuation and grammar will be
accurate throughout the response.

Content must span all three aspects of question, if not remains
in Level 2.
1 or 2 for QWC

NB Can only credit maximum of 5 content marks regardless of
indicative content achieved

NB To access QWC marks-
1. 4 lines of text minimum (to give sufficient text to access)
2. Must also have minimum of one relevant content mark
3. Must be continuous writing, not bullet points / lists of text (unless in
level 3 where 1 mark can be awarded for QWC)

Question Indicative content
Number
14 Types of roles
1. Participant/performer/player/competitor/equiv

Do not accept reference to different player positions as a role as wrong
context

2. Leadership/manager/captain/equiv
3. Official/equiv
4. Coach/play worker/assistant/volunteer/sports coordinator/personal
trainer/ teacher/equiv

Maximum two content marks
Do not accept spectator
Personal qualities for each role
Do not credit if not achieved any from points 1 - 4
5. Type 1 – fitness; motivation; determination; ability; opportunity;
knowledge of activity; allow other appropriate attribute / skilled /
focused on improving
6. Type 2 – motivational; organised; good communicator; ability;
enthusiastic; committed; ability to analyse performance; allow other
appropriate attribute
7. Type 3 – fair; fit; calm; knowledgeable about the rules; confident;
patient; good communicator; allow other appropriate attribute /
authoritative
8. Type 4 – knowledge of activity; ability to analyse performance; patient;
good communicator; enthusiastic; committed; motivator; allow other
appropriate attribute / organised

NB personal qualities must be linked to specific role
Do not accept qualities such as good leadership / management / coaching
skills
How this provides opportunity for all
Can access points 9 – 11 even if no previous points accessed
9. (Become) If not good enough to perform or doesn’t like to perform to
get involved in physical activity / Don’t all have to be good at sport to get
involved / wouldn’t make it as a player but can still be involved / Might
know a lot about the sport but unable to participate so could take on role

of coach/manager/
10. (Remain) Variety of roles over time (e.g. was a player, now too old, so
becomes a coach) / equiv
11. Accept response that identifies range of roles gives people
choice/preference about how they want to become involved

Do not accept still involved in sport
Question 15
Use indicative content on next page to place into correct level
Level Mark Descriptor
Level 0 No rewardable material
0
Level 1-2 Candidates will produce brief and narrative responses, making a
1 limited number of simple statements, probably with limited reference
to the question.

Candidate’s writing communicates ideas using everyday language, but
lacks clarity and organisation. There will be frequent errors in
candidates’ spelling, grammar and punctuation.

1 or 2 content marks, no need for balance
0 or 1 QWC (insufficient correct content to award 2 for QWC)

Level 3-4 Candidates’ responses will be mostly accurate and include relevant
2 factual material. Shows some understanding through description and
explanation, although content more reflective of description than
explanation

Candidate’s writing communicates with accurate use of appropriate
terminology, and the organisation of the response shows some
direction and control. There will be few errors in candidates’ spelling,
grammar and punctuation.

If 3 content must span both aspects of question
0,1 or 2 for QWC

Level 5-6 Candidates will offer factually accurate and sustained responses that
3 relate well to the focus of the question and have successfully
addressed all aspects of the question. Shows sound understanding and
can provide a clear description and explanation.

Candidate’s writing communicates ideas effectively using appropriate
terminology, and organises material clearly and coherently. Spelling,
punctuation and grammar will be accurate throughout the response.

Content must span both aspects of question, if not remains in Level 2
1 or 2 for QWC

NB To access QWC marks-
4. 4 lines of text minimum (to give sufficient text to access)
5. Must also have minimum of one relevant content mark
6. Must be continuous writing, not bullet points / lists of text (unless in
level 3 where 1 mark can be awarded for QWC)

Question Indicative content
Number
15 Aspect 1 – covers points 1-8

Immediate/short-term effects (cardiovascular system)
1. Increased heart rate
2. Increased systolic blood pressure (if stated credit point 3 as well)
3. Increased blood pressure

Immediate/short-term effects (muscular system)
4. increased demand for oxygen/energy for muscular work
5. increased carbon dioxide production
6. increased temperature
7. lactic acid production (during anaerobic work) (energy
conversion)
8. muscle fatigue

Do not accept tire/ache

Aspect 2 – covers points 9 – 18

Regular participation/long term effects (cardiovascular system)
9. increased strength / size of heart muscle
10. increased stroke volume (due to increased strength of cardiac
muscle)
11. increased maximum cardiac output
12. increased capillarisation (accept increased capillaries)
13. increase in number of red blood cells
14. drop in resting heart rate (due to increased stroke volume)

(accept quicker return to RHR for same reason)

Regular participation/long term effects (muscular system)
15. increased strength of ligaments/tendons
16. increased size/strength of skeletal muscle / muscular endurance
17. increased mitochondria (site of aerobic respiration)
18. increased myoglobin (equivalent to an oxygen ‘store’ in the
muscle).

NB must be clear whether candidate is referencing immediate or
long-term effects
NB if system not stated can still gain credit

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Telephone 01623 467467
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Email publication.orders@edexcel.com
Order Code UG028519 June 2011

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Exam answers 2011

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