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The “land sharing or land sparing”
           conundrum
 Andrew Wardell and Robert Nasi,
            CIFOR
Key messages

1. Need to integrate policy and land use planning by
   moving out of sectoral ‘silos’

2. We need both land sharing and land sparing
   contingent on socio-ecological system, objectives,
   scale and trajectory of change whilst recognizing
   the trade-offs

3. Governance reforms and appropriate institutions for
   both smallholder and large-scale production
Evidence of impact

1. Rich cases studies – goods and services are
   provided in smallholder-managed landscapes
   while maintaining or enhancing food
   production
2. Poverty Environment Network – food security
   safety net provided by forests
3. Large-scale agribusiness schemes – need to
   protect customary land tenure rights and
   effectively regulate investments and
   environmental impacts
Going to scale

• Improve governance, sector coordination, and
  multistakeholder dialogue at landscape scale
• Increase investments in multifunctional
  landscapes to produce multiple goods and
  services whilst safeguarding interests of
  vulnerable groups e.g. SAGCOT, Tanzania
• Innovative integrated and applied research to
  inform decision-making e.g. ww.cifor.org/crp6 and
  Landscapes for People, Food and Nature
  Initiative www.landscapes.ecoagriculture.org
Evidence of impact

                     Selected references
•   Carswell, G., 2002. Farmers and fallowing: agricultural change in Kigezi District,
    Uganda. The Geographical Journal 168 (2): 130-140
•   Borjesen,L. 2007. Boserup backwards? Agricultural intensification as ‘its own
    driving force’ in the Mbulu highlands, Tanzania. Geogr. Ann. B (3): 249-267
•   Poverty Environment Network - www.cifor.org/pen
•   Managing forest landscapes – http://blog.cifor.org/8637/investing-in-managing-
    forest-landscapes-improves-incomes-in-guinea/#.T5o4zK7j5fY
•   Social and environmental risks associated with expansion of biofuel feedstocks -
    www.ecologyandsociety.org/issues/view.php?sf=68
•   Selman, P. 2009. Planning for landscape multifunctionality. Sustainabiloty: Science,
    Practice & Policy Fall 2009; Vol. 5 Issue 2: 45-52
•   Phalan et al, 2011. Reconciling food production and biodiversity conservation: Land
    sharing and land sparing compared. Science 333: 1289-1291
•   Tilman et al, 2011. Global food demand and the sustainable intensification of
    agriculture PNAS USA 108 (5): 20260-20264
•   Lambin, E.F. and Meyfroidt, P.,2011. Global land use change, economic
    globalization and the looming land scarcity. PNAS 108 (9): 3465-3472
Learning Event No. 1: Highlights. ARDD2012 Rio.

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Learning Event No. 1: Highlights. ARDD2012 Rio.

  • 1. The “land sharing or land sparing” conundrum Andrew Wardell and Robert Nasi, CIFOR
  • 2. Key messages 1. Need to integrate policy and land use planning by moving out of sectoral ‘silos’ 2. We need both land sharing and land sparing contingent on socio-ecological system, objectives, scale and trajectory of change whilst recognizing the trade-offs 3. Governance reforms and appropriate institutions for both smallholder and large-scale production
  • 3. Evidence of impact 1. Rich cases studies – goods and services are provided in smallholder-managed landscapes while maintaining or enhancing food production 2. Poverty Environment Network – food security safety net provided by forests 3. Large-scale agribusiness schemes – need to protect customary land tenure rights and effectively regulate investments and environmental impacts
  • 4. Going to scale • Improve governance, sector coordination, and multistakeholder dialogue at landscape scale • Increase investments in multifunctional landscapes to produce multiple goods and services whilst safeguarding interests of vulnerable groups e.g. SAGCOT, Tanzania • Innovative integrated and applied research to inform decision-making e.g. ww.cifor.org/crp6 and Landscapes for People, Food and Nature Initiative www.landscapes.ecoagriculture.org
  • 5. Evidence of impact Selected references • Carswell, G., 2002. Farmers and fallowing: agricultural change in Kigezi District, Uganda. The Geographical Journal 168 (2): 130-140 • Borjesen,L. 2007. Boserup backwards? Agricultural intensification as ‘its own driving force’ in the Mbulu highlands, Tanzania. Geogr. Ann. B (3): 249-267 • Poverty Environment Network - www.cifor.org/pen • Managing forest landscapes – http://blog.cifor.org/8637/investing-in-managing- forest-landscapes-improves-incomes-in-guinea/#.T5o4zK7j5fY • Social and environmental risks associated with expansion of biofuel feedstocks - www.ecologyandsociety.org/issues/view.php?sf=68 • Selman, P. 2009. Planning for landscape multifunctionality. Sustainabiloty: Science, Practice & Policy Fall 2009; Vol. 5 Issue 2: 45-52 • Phalan et al, 2011. Reconciling food production and biodiversity conservation: Land sharing and land sparing compared. Science 333: 1289-1291 • Tilman et al, 2011. Global food demand and the sustainable intensification of agriculture PNAS USA 108 (5): 20260-20264 • Lambin, E.F. and Meyfroidt, P.,2011. Global land use change, economic globalization and the looming land scarcity. PNAS 108 (9): 3465-3472