How to Cite Sources Using Harvard, Chicago, and MLA styles
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The document provides guidelines on how to cite sources using Harvard, Chicago, and MLA styles, emphasizing their variations and usage in different academic contexts. It includes detailed examples for citing journal articles, newspaper articles, printed books, edited books, and ebooks. The document also invites participation in an upcoming conference focused on these citation styles.
![Books (VII)
Ebook
Harvard basic format
•
Author’s
surname,
First
(middle)
name
initial.
Year of
publicatio
n.
Title of
book.
[Ebook]
City of
publicatio
n:
(if known)
Publisher.
Available
at: URL
[access
date]
day month
year
Denscombe, M. 2010. The good research guide: For small social research projects.
[Ebook] New York: McGraw-Hill. Available at:
http://books.google.com.pa/books/about/The_Good_Research_Guide.html?
id=I6rRC0oyotkC&redir_esc=y [04 December 2013]](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/howtocitesourceshcmlastylesss-131207104137-phpapp01/85/How-to-Cite-Sources-Using-Harvard-Chicago-and-MLA-styles-20-320.jpg)
How to Cite Sources Using Harvard, Chicago, and MLA styles
- 1. Doctoral Doctoral Students Students DoctoralNet Universi3es Thank You for Reading
- 2. How You Should Cite Sources Harvard, Chicago, and MLA Styles
- 3. There are different styles to reference sources. In this conference, we will focus on three of them: Harvard, Chicago, and MLA.
- 4. Harvard style is a widely used format to cite sources across most subjects. Despite its name, it is not tied to Harvard University. In fact, no organization sets its standard and that is why there are different variations of it. That implies that you should choose a variation and use it consistently. For example, some variations use a parenthesis to present the date while others do not.
- 5. Chicago referencing style is very used in the humanities (especially in literature, history, and the arts). The Chicago Manual of Style is published by the University of Chicago Press. It includes two basic documentation systems: a) author-date and b) notes and bibliography. In this conference, we will focus on the former.
- 6. The Modern Language Association (MLA) referencing style is most used in the humanities. It uses a system that consists of two parts: citations in text and the works cited list that is included at the end of the paper. What makes it different from other styles is that citations in the text point out (using numbers) to the works cited list.
- 7. Citation Periodicals 1. Journal 2. Newspaper Books 1. Printed Book 2. Edited Book 3. Ebook
- 8. Periodicals (I) Journal Article • Harvard basic format Author’s First (and Year of Title of surname, middle) publication. article. name initial. Title of Journal, Volume number (Issue or Page(s). part Preceded number), by p. or pp. Burik, S. 2009. Opening philosophy to the world: Derrida and education in philosophy. Educational Theory, 59(3), pp.297-312.
- 9. Periodicals (II) Journal Article Chicago basic format • Author’s First surname, name. “Title of Article.” Title of Journal Volume number, no. issue (Year): Page(s). Burik, Samuel. “Opening Philosophy to the World: Derrida and Education in Philosophy.” Educational Theory 59, no. 3 (2009): 297-312. Be aware that there is no punctuation between the journal title and the volume number. If there are two or more authors, reverse the order of “surname, first name” from the second author on. Use the word “and” before the last author.
- 10. Periodicals (III) Journal Article MLA basic format • Author’s First surname, name. “Title of Article.” Title of Journal Volume number. Issue (Year): Page(s). Print Burik, Samuel. “Opening Philosophy to the World: Derrida and Education in Philosophy.” Educational Theory 59. 3 (2009): 297-312. Print No punctuation between the journal title and the volume number.
- 11. Periodicals (IV) Newspaper Article • Harvard basic format Author’s surname, First (and middle name) initial. Year of publication. Title of article. Title of Newspaper, Day and month. Page(s). Preceded by p. or pp. Applebaum, B. 2013. Fed looks for other way to aid economy. The New York Times, 21 November. p. B1. Online newspaper: Follow the basic format and add “Retrieved from http://….”
- 12. Periodicals (V) Newspaper Article • Chicago basic format Author’s surname, First name. “Title of Article.” Title of Newspaper, Month, day, and year. Applebaum, Bert. “Fed Looks for Other Way to Aid Economy.” The New York Times, November 21, 2013. • Online newspaper: Follow the basic format and add the URL • Add an access date only if required. In that case, use the word “accessed” • If there are two or more authors, reverse the order of “surname, first name” from the second author on. Use the word “and” before the last author.
- 13. Periodicals (VI) Newspaper Article • MLA basic format Author’s surname, First name. “Title of Article.” Title of Day, Page Newspaper, abbreviated number. month, year: Print Applebaum, Bert. “Fed Looks for Other Way to Aid Economy.” The New York Times, 21 Nov, 2013: B1. Print • Online newspaper: Follow the basic format, write “web” instead of “print”, and immediately add the access date following the dd/mm/year format • If there are two or more authors, reverse the order of “surname, first name” from the second author on. Use the word “and” before the last author.
- 14. Books (I) Printed Book Harvard basic format • Author’s surname, First (and middle) name initial. Year of publication. Title of book. City of publication, State initials or country (if relevant): Publisher. Sullo, B. 2007. Activating the desire to learn. Alexandria, VA: ASCD. Sommers, C. and Sommers, F. 2004. Vice & virtue in everyday life: Introductory readings in ethics. London, UK: Thomson.
- 15. Books (II) Printed Book Chicago basic format • Author’s surname, First name . Title of Book. City of publication: Publisher, Year of publication. Sullo, Bob. Activating the Desire to Learn. Alexandria: ASCD, 2007. Sommers, Christina and Fred Sommers. Vice & Virtue in Everyday Life: Introductory Readings in Ethics. London: Thomson, 2004.
- 16. Books (III) Printed Book MLA basic format • Author’s surname, First Title of Book. City of Publisher, name . publication: Year of publication. Print. Sullo, Bob. Activating the Desire to Learn. Alexandria: ASCD, 2007. Print. Sommers, Christina and Fred Sommers. Vice & Virtue in Everyday Life: Introductory Readings in Ethics. London: Thomson, 2004. Print.
- 17. Books (IV) Edited Book Harvard basic format • Editor’s surname, First (and middle) name initial. (Ed.). or (Eds.). Year of publication. Title of book. City of publication. State abbreviation: Publisher. Noll, J.W. (Ed.). 2011. Taking sides: Clashing views on educational issues. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.
- 18. Books (V) Edited Book • Chicago basic format Editor’s surname, First name, ed. or eds. Title of book. City of publication: Publisher, Year of publication. Noll, James, ed. Taking Sides: Clashing Views on Educational Issues. New York: McGraw Hill, 2011.
- 19. Books (VI) Edited Book • MLA basic format Editor’s surname, First name, ed. or eds. Title of book. City of Publisher, publication: Year of publication. Print. Noll, James, ed. Taking Sides: Clashing Views on Educational Issues. New York: McGraw Hill, 2011. Print.
- 20. Books (VII) Ebook Harvard basic format • Author’s surname, First (middle) name initial. Year of publicatio n. Title of book. [Ebook] City of publicatio n: (if known) Publisher. Available at: URL [access date] day month year Denscombe, M. 2010. The good research guide: For small social research projects. [Ebook] New York: McGraw-Hill. Available at: http://books.google.com.pa/books/about/The_Good_Research_Guide.html? id=I6rRC0oyotkC&redir_esc=y [04 December 2013]
- 21. Books (VIII) Ebook Chicago basic format • Author’s surname, First name. Title of Book. City of publication: (if known) Publisher, Year of publication. Type of edition or “Accessed date. URL” Denscombe, Martyn. The Good Research Guide: For Small Social Research Projects. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2010. Accessed December 04, 2013. http://books.google.com.pa/books/about/The_Good_Research_Guide.html? id=I6rRC0oyotkC&redir_esc=y Sullo, Bob. Activating the Desire to Learn. Alexandria: ASCD, 2007. Kindle edition.
- 22. Books (IX) Ebook MLA basic format • Author’s surname, First name. Title of Book. City of publication: (if known) Publisher, Year of publication. Database. Ebook or Web. Access date. Day month (abbreviation) year Denscombe, Martyn. The Good Research Guide: For Small Social Research Projects. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2010. Google Book Search. Web. 04 Dec. 2013.
- 23. Now You Know Basic Rules for Citing: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Journal articles Newspaper articles Printed books Edited books Ebooks Using Harvard, Chicago, and MLA styles.
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