There are three main categories of hackers:
1) Highly skilled programmers who know programming interfaces well and can code rapidly.
2) Computer and network security experts who specialize in maintaining confidentiality, integrity, and access of systems.
3) Hardware modifiers who change electronics like radios, printers, or home devices for extra functionality.
Schools need clear policies on technology use and teachers should monitor student computer activities to prevent potential hacking behaviors. Hacking tools can include denial of service attacks, email bombing, trojans, and viruses. Hacktivism is illegal and should be avoided.