define government and state and functions
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This document discusses concepts related to states and governments. It defines a state as an organized community living under one government, which may be sovereign. It distinguishes states from governments, noting that a government is the particular group of people that controls the state apparatus at a given time. It also distinguishes states from nations, which refer to large geographical areas and shared identity of people. The document outlines the key branches of government as the executive, legislature, and judiciary, and notes some basic principles of good government like elected representation and fair administration.
define government and state and functions
- 2. Thomas Hobbs
- 3. Introduction • A state is an organized community living under one government. • States may be sovereign. • The denomination state is also employed to federated states that are members of a federal union, which is the sovereign state. • Some states are subject to external sovereignty or hegemony where ultimate sovereignty lies in another state. • The state can also be used to refer to the secular branches of government within a state, often as a manner of contrasting them with churches and civilian institutions.
- 4. The state and government • The concept of the state can be distinguished from the concept of government. • The government is the particular group of people, the administrative bureaucracy, that controls the state apparatus at a given time.
- 5. States and nation-states • States can also be distinguished from the concept of a "nation", which refers to a large geographical area, and the people therein who perceive themselves as having a common identity
- 6. • A group of people that governs a community or unit. It sets and administers public policy and exercises executive, political and sovereign power through customs, institutions, and laws within a state. • A government is the system by which a state or community is governed. • A government can be classified into many types-- democracy, republic, monarchy, aristocracy, and dictatorship.
- 8. Constitution clearly defines component branches of Government • (a) An effective executive, • (b) Independent legislature, • (c) An independent judiciary. • Each of the above-stated three component branches of government has its own critical roles and responsibilities to play.
- 9. Basic principles of good government • To run a country competitively and successfully, it is essential that the government should be elected by the people through free elections, with each citizen being given the unalienable and unencumbered right to elect the best individual candidates of their free choice without coercion or tampering of such free and democratic election process.
- 10. The government essential functions • (1) administration, (2) legislation – passing of laws and regulations for fair and just administration, (2) justice, (3) free and unencumbered right of citizens to elect representatives or offer themselves as candidates to stand for election, (4) implementing policies and decisions in objectively defined work processes to ensure good corporate governance where all decisions and policies are carried out with accountability and responsibility essential to development of citizens’ social, cultural and economic vitality and competitiveness.