Spatial variations Hawaii
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Waikiki Beach in Honolulu, Hawaii exemplifies a concentrated tourism development pattern (Pattern One). The beach was the initial attraction that sparked tourism growth in the early 1900s. Development has remained highly concentrated in Waikiki due to its accessibility from Honolulu via major highways within 30 minutes, its sheltered location on the southeast coast of the island, and the clustering of all major attractions and facilities in close proximity, creating a "psychocentric sunlust destination". This concentration has promoted further investment, infrastructure growth, tourism spending, job creation and economic growth in a self-reinforcing cycle.
Spatial variations Hawaii
- 2. Pattern One: Concentration HISTORY: Waikiki Beach shows catalytic development. The beach was the initial attraction which started the TD process in the 1900s. Growth has concentrated here since then.
- 3. Pattern One: Concentration ACCESSIBILITY Waikiki is accessible from Honolulu as it is close and is well connected by multi-lane highways e.g. Lunalilo means journey is 30 minutes. All main facilities (e.g. Alamoana shopping centre) and attractions are within walking distance
- 4. Pattern One: Concentration ISLAND LOCATION TD is concentrated in zones due to the geography of the island (high in the centre, flat around the coastline). SE part of island is sheltered and receives less rainfall/wind so Waikiki conditions are perfect for TD to occur
- 5. Pattern One: Concentration TYPE OF RESORT This is a psychocentric or sunlust destination with everything in close proximity by tourist demand
- 6. Pattern One: Concentration CUMULATIVE CAUSATION Growth in one sector promotes growth in another more tourists more investment more facilities required more $ circulates more jobs for locals
- 7. Pattern One: Exceptions/Dispersal EXCEPTIONS/DISPERSAL Natural/fixed attractions like Hanauma Bay and North beaches make up for their location as they served by good access routes Turtle Bay Resort is able to be located farther away as it is a luxury resort, each room has a sea view.
- 8. PATTERN TWO: Morphological Pattern • Greatest demand is for sea views so highest rents/land prices charged, can only be afforded by large hotel chains • Dense concentration of tourism here; more efficient use of space is to build upwards • Less demand inland so lower rents and lower rise buildings (horizontally and vertically)