THE VERTICAL APPROACH – TRANSITIONING FROM SAMPLING TO SUSTAINABLE MINING
- 1. The Vertical Approach Weixler Leonhard 12.12.2022 - Transitioning from Sampling to Sustainable Mining Bauer Maschinen GmbH
- 2. 2 Deep Sea Resources – Massive Sulfides Cobal-Rich Crust Manganese Nodules Massive Sulfides
- 3. 3 Why Massive Sulfides? Quelle: BGR Typ Massive Sulfides Manganese Nodules Cobald-Rich Crusts Ore density per m² 30.000 kg/m² at 10 m thickness 12 – 20 kg/m² 70 kg/m² Necessary mining surface fo 1 Million tons 33.300 m² 62.500.000 m² 14.300.000 m² Surface factor 1 1875 429 Extracting Massive Sulfides allows the minimum possible footprint!
- 4. 4 Deep Sea Sampling – The Vertical Approach ▪ Technical feasibility study and prove of concept ▪ Developing a new Technology for vertical minimally invasive Deep Sea Mining Method ▪ Joint research program with universities supported by the BMWK • Ecologic and economic bulk sampling method for deep sea applications The Vertical Approach JV Seabed Mineral Services Research Project: Deep Sea Sampling Offering Campaigns for maritime Exploration Bulk Sampling of Massive Sulfides with the Vertical Approach Method
- 5. 5 Maritime Exploration Methods at Bauer Maschinen Maritime Technologies Seabed Coring MeBo 200.2 Bulk Sampling The Vertical Approach ▪ Max. Water Depth 2500m ▪ Max. Coring Depth 200m ▪ Core Diameter 63,5 mm ▪ Single Core Length 3.5m ▪ Pressure Containers for Storing Cores under in- situ Pressure Conditions ➢ Small Volume/Cross Section Sampling ➢ Core Samples with detailed Information of Rock Formation Composition ▪ Max. Water Depth 3000m ▪ Max. Sampling Depth 7m ▪ Sampling Section 3200mm x 1500mm ➢ Large Volume/Cross Section ➢ Cutting Samples with Information about quantitive Material Composition of the Ore Deposit ➢ Evaluation and economic Analysis of the Mineral Reservoir
- 6. 6 Vertical Minimal Invasive Sampling Trench Cutter System for Offshore Bulk Sampling (Namibia, 1994) MV Geomaster with BAUER Trench Cutter System ➢ Exploration Campaign for Diamond Bulk Sampling ➢ Maximum Operating Depth of 200m ➢ Sampling Depth 5-6m ➢ Deployment through Moon Pool ➢ BC50 Trench Cutter Wheels Power Requirement 430kW ➢ 8in Suction Pump for 700 m3/h Pump Flow Power Requirement 300kW ➢ Separation Process and Slurry Treatment on Vessel Deck
- 7. 7 Vertical Minimal Invasive Sampling Trench Cutter System for Shallow Water Trench Cutter System for Deep Sea ➢ Continous Conveyor Process with Separation on Vessel ➢ Hydraulic Driven Cutter System ➢ High Pumping Capacity required for 200m Lift ➢ Discontinous Conveyor Process with Separation on Sea Floor ➢ New Power Supply Concept (Vessel-Seabed Electric Line) ➢ Energy Saving through Substitution of the Riser System with a Collector/Separator Bucket (2500m Lift) Next Technology Step
- 8. 8 Vertical Minimal Invasive Deep Sea Sampling Akteure/Interessensgruppen Cutting Depth min. 7m Technical System Specification and Performance Feed Rate 2 cm/min Material Extraction 5,8 m3/h Operational Depth 3500m Temperature 1,8 °C Ambient Pressure 350 bar Trench Cross Section 3,2mx1,5m Electric High Voltage Energy Supply >4200 V Collector Capacity of 51m3 for 33,6m3 (100t) Sampling Material Cutting Size up to 70mm Estimated max. Total System Weight 300t Power Demand 150 kW Slurry Pump 350 kW Cutter Wheels Campaign Profile: • 1x Trench per Day • 10x Trenches total during first Mission
- 9. 9 Deep Sea Resources – Massive Sulfide Deposits Known areas of economic interest ▪ Graphical Material ▪ Rock Samples ▪ Topology and Surface Condition Data required for new innovative Deep Sea Sampling System Design Vertical Approach will contribute to future exploration of massive sulfide deposits 1 2 3
- 10. 10 Deep Sea Resources – Massive Sulfide Deposits BGR License Area Origination of Massive Sulfide Deposits Investigated and measured Field Karei Application Scenarios
- 11. 11 Vertical Minimal Invasive Deep Sea Sampling
- 12. 12 Outlook – Development of new Technology In Progess 2028 Pilot Mining Test First Field Trial 2023 Component Tests Pilot Mining Test Electrification of Cutter
- 13. 13 Electrification and energy efficiency Diesel engine 1l 45% Hydraulic system 80% 3,6 kWh KDK 1 Liter Diesel eq. 1 Liter Diesel 10 kWh Diesel-hydraulic Electric Drive 90% 3,6 kWh KDK Batt 4 kWh eq. 1 Liter Diesel 4,3 kWh Direct electric drive at Consumer (eBG all electric) Electric Drive 90% Hydraulic system 80% 3,6 kWh KDK 5 kWh 5 kWh eq. 1 Liter Diesel Electro-hydraulic (Central electromotor, eBG) Total efficiency 36% 72% 84% Net Net 93% Direct electric drive offers the best efficency factor, safings of 17% of energy possible!
- 14. 14 1st Period: Reconnaissance of large License Area (Duration 5 years) 2nd Period: Exploration and Deposit Assessment (Duration 5 years) 3rd Period: Pilot Mining Test and Environmental Studies (Duration 5 years) Total Exploration Contract granted by ISA = 15 years License Lifetime can be extended INDEX: Exploration Time Span
- 15. 15 Outlook – Massive Sulfide Exploration and Extraction Geology Metallurgy Technology Environment 2025 Start End Core Sampling with MeBo Environmental Base Line Studies 2027 Environmental Impact Assessment Resource Evaluation Deposit Classification Material Processing Method Mining Feasability Study 2029 Exploration Campaign Pilot Mining Test 2026 2028 Proof of System Functionality Admission of Extraction Procedure
- 16. 16 ▪ Before anybody starts mining in the deep-sea, he needs data from the ore body ▪ To get this data, we started a cooperation between Bauer and Harren & Partner ▪ Usage of Bauer ´s cutter technology together with H&P´s offshore experience ▪ Offering Seabed Mineral Services for the exploration of SMS deposits ▪ Small scale core drilling with MeBo ▪ Bulk sampling with the “Vertical Approach” ▪ Results to be used for scaling the Vertical Approach to the demands of mining Bauer and Harren & Partner: what we stand for
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