Modular programming
Download as PPT, PDF14 likes12,665 views
The document discusses modular programming, which involves separating a program into independent, interchangeable modules that each contain everything needed to execute one aspect of the desired functionality. Modular programming makes programs easier to understand, manage complexity through smaller blocks of code, encourage code re-use, and allow independent development of code. It provides an example program that defines a function to find the maximum of two numbers and calls that function from the main program. Advantages of modular programming include that modules can be written and tested separately, reused, and allow large projects to be developed in parallel.
Modular programming
- 1. LOGO 11 MODULAR PROGRAMMINGMODULAR PROGRAMMING Submitted to: Submitted by:Submitted to: Submitted by: Mrs. Priyanka Soni Krati KatyalMrs. Priyanka Soni Krati Katyal MCA 1MCA 1stst SemSem
- 2. Topics Covered • Modular Programing • Need of Modular Programming • Why Modular Programming?? • Modularity • Elements of Modular Programming • Modular Programming Example • Advantages of Modular Programming • Disadvantages of Modular Programming • Reference
- 3. Modular ProgrammingModular Programming Modular programmingModular programming is a software designis a software design technique that emphasizes separating thetechnique that emphasizes separating the functionality of afunctionality of a programprogram into independent,into independent, interchangeable modules, such that each containsinterchangeable modules, such that each contains everything necessary to execute only one aspect ofeverything necessary to execute only one aspect of the desired functionality.the desired functionality.
- 4. Need for Modular ProgrammingNeed for Modular Programming • When a program becomes very large andWhen a program becomes very large and complex, it becomes very difficult task for thecomplex, it becomes very difficult task for the programmers to design, test and debug such aprogrammers to design, test and debug such a program.program. • Therefore a long program can be divided into aTherefore a long program can be divided into a smaller program called modules as the modulessmaller program called modules as the modules can be designed, tested and debugged separately,can be designed, tested and debugged separately, the task of programmer becomes easy andthe task of programmer becomes easy and convenient.convenient. • It makes your program easy to understand.It makes your program easy to understand.
- 5. • Helps manage complexityHelps manage complexity o Smaller blocks of codeSmaller blocks of code o Easier to readEasier to read • Encourages re-use of codeEncourages re-use of code Within a particular program or acrossWithin a particular program or across different programsdifferent programs • Allows independent development of codeAllows independent development of code Why Modular Programming??Why Modular Programming??
- 6. ModularityModularity • How do you solve a big/complexHow do you solve a big/complex problem?problem? • Divide it into small tasks and solve eachDivide it into small tasks and solve each task. Then combine these solutions.task. Then combine these solutions. Divide and ConquerDivide and Conquer
- 7. • In C we useIn C we use functionsfunctions also referred to asalso referred to as modulesmodules to perform specific tasks that weto perform specific tasks that we determined in our solutiondetermined in our solution • This strategy is essentially based on theThis strategy is essentially based on the divide-and-conquer approach to problemdivide-and-conquer approach to problem solving and has many advantages oversolving and has many advantages over developing a program for the entire problem.developing a program for the entire problem. • We will assign a name to each module andWe will assign a name to each module and combine the named modules in a programcombine the named modules in a program structure under the control of a mainstructure under the control of a main program.program.
- 8. • Such a program structure consists of aSuch a program structure consists of a set of modules and an order ofset of modules and an order of execution.execution.
- 9. Elements of Modular ProgrammingElements of Modular Programming • C requires that function names be unique in aC requires that function names be unique in a source program file.source program file. • Program execution always begins and eventuallyProgram execution always begins and eventually terminates in the main function.terminates in the main function. • Additional functions are called or invoked whenAdditional functions are called or invoked when the program encounters function namesthe program encounters function names • Functions could beFunctions could be Pre-defined library functions (e.g., printf, sin, tan)Pre-defined library functions (e.g., printf, sin, tan) oror Programmer-defined functions (e.g., my_printf,Programmer-defined functions (e.g., my_printf, area)area)
- 10. • FunctionsFunctions Perform a specific taskPerform a specific task Arguments with no return typeArguments with no return type void fun(int x, int y)void fun(int x, int y) {{ //statement//statement }} Arguments with return typeArguments with return type int fun(int x, int y)int fun(int x, int y) {{ //statement//statement return 0;return 0; }}
- 11. No arguments with no return typeNo arguments with no return type void fun( )void fun( ) {{ //statement//statement }} No Arguments with return typeNo Arguments with return type int fun( )int fun( ) {{ //statement//statement return 0;return 0; }}
- 12. These functions require three elements:These functions require three elements: 1.1.Function declaration: In this only theFunction declaration: In this only the name and the syntax of the function willname and the syntax of the function will written.written. 2.2. Function calls: In this program will callFunction calls: In this program will call the functionthe function 3. Function definition: In this program3. Function definition: In this program will defines that how the function willwill defines that how the function will perform there task.perform there task.
- 13. A function definition consists ofA function definition consists of 1. A function type1. A function type 2. A function name2. A function name 3. An optional list of formal parameters enclosed in3. An optional list of formal parameters enclosed in parenthesesparentheses 4. A compound statement.4. A compound statement. Ex : Void start(int a)Ex : Void start(int a) {{ …….statement…...statement….. }}
- 14. #include <stdio.h>#include <stdio.h> int max(int num1, int num2);int max(int num1, int num2); int main ()int main () {{ int a = 100;int a = 100; int b = 200;int b = 200; int ret;int ret; ret = max(a, b);ret = max(a, b); printf( "Max value is : %dn", ret );printf( "Max value is : %dn", ret ); Modular Programming ExampleModular Programming Example
- 15. return 0;return 0; }} int max(int num1, int num2)int max(int num1, int num2) {{ int result;int result; if (num1 > num2)if (num1 > num2) result = num1;result = num1; elseelse result = num2;result = num2; return result;return result; }}
- 16. OutputOutput Max value is : 200Max value is : 200
- 17. Advantages of using modulesAdvantages of using modules • Modules can be written and testedModules can be written and tested separatelyseparately • Modules can be reusedModules can be reused • Large projects can be developed inLarge projects can be developed in parallelparallel • Reduces length of program, making itReduces length of program, making it more readablemore readable • Promotes the concept ofPromotes the concept of abstractionabstraction A module hides details of a taskA module hides details of a task We just need to know what this moduleWe just need to know what this module doesdoes We don’t need to know how it does itWe don’t need to know how it does it
- 18. Disadvantages of using modulesDisadvantages of using modules • means documentation of modules must bemeans documentation of modules must be systematicsystematic • can lead to problems when modules are linkedcan lead to problems when modules are linked because link must thoroughly testedbecause link must thoroughly tested • Since separate modules map repeat certainSince separate modules map repeat certain functions, the modular programming oftenfunctions, the modular programming often need extra time and memory.need extra time and memory.