pertemuan 1 system dev
- 1. Information Systems Analysis and Design Shouhong Wang Analysis and Design of Information Systems
- 2. The System Development Life Cycle What is an information system (IS)? Hardware, software, data, people, and procedures that work together to produce quality information System—Set of components that interact to achieve common goal Businesses use many types of systems
- 3. The System Development Life Cycle What are the phases of the system development cycle? Phase 1. Planning Phase 2. Analysis Phase 3. Design Phase 4. Implementation Phase 5. Support Review project requests Prioritize project requests Allocate resources Identify project development team Conduct preliminary investigation Perform detailed analysis activities: Study current system Determine user requirements Recommend solution Acquire hardware and software, if necessary Develop details of system Develop programs, if necessary Install and test new system Train users Convert to new system Conduct post-implementation system review Identify errors and enhancements Monitor system performance
- 4. Arrange tasks into phases (groups of activities) The System Development Life Cycle What are guidelines for system development? Involve users (anyone for whom system is being built) Develop clearly defined standards (procedures company expects employees to follow)
- 5. The System Development Life Cycle Who participates in the system development life cycle?
- 6. The System Development Life Cycle What is a systems analyst? Responsible for designing and developing information system Liaison between users and IT professionals
- 7. The System Development Life Cycle What is the project team? Consists of users, systems analyst, and other IT professionals Formed to work on project from beginning to end Project leader—one member of the team who manages and controls project budget and schedule
- 8. The System Development Life Cycle What is feasibility? Measure of how suitable system development will be to the company Operational feasibility Schedule feasibility Four feasibility tests: Technical feasibility Economic feasibility (also called cost/benefit feasibility)
- 9. The System Development Life Cycle What is documentation? Includes reports, diagrams, programs, and other deliverables Collection and summarization of data and information
- 10. The System Development Life Cycle What are six data and information gathering techniques? Review documentation Observe Questionnaire Interview Joint-application design (JAD) session Research
- 11. The System Development Life Cycle What are some reasons to create or modify an information system? Competition can lead to change To improve existing system Outside group may mandate change To correct problem in existing system
- 12. The System Development Life Cycle What is a request for system services? Formal request for new or modified information system Also called project request
- 13. The System Development Life Cycle What is the planning phase? Begins when steering committee receives project request Steering committee— decision-making body for the company Function of committee: Review and approve project requests Allocate resources Form project development team for each approved project Prioritize project requests
- 14. The System Development Life Cycle What is the analysis phase? Conduct preliminary investigation, also called feasibility study Perform detailed analysis
- 15. The System Development Life Cycle What is the preliminary investigation? Determine exact nature of problem or improvement and whether it is worth pursuing Findings are presented in feasibility report, also known as a feasibility study
- 16. The System Development Life Cycle What is detailed analysis? Sometimes called logical design 2. Determine user’s wants, needs, and requirements 3. Recommend solution 1. Study how current system works
- 17. Presented to steering committee, which decides how system will be developed The System Development Life Cycle What is the system proposal? Assesses feasibility of each alternative solution Recommends the most feasible solution for the project
- 18. The System Development Life Cycle What are possible solutions? Buy packaged software—prewritten software available for purchase Outsource—have outside source develop software Write own custom software—software developed at user’s request Vertical market software—designed for particular industry Horizontal market software—meets needs of many companies
- 19. The System Development Life Cycle What is the design phase? Acquire hardware and software Develop all details of new or modified information system
- 20. Visit vendors’ stores The System Development Life Cycle What is needed to acquire new hardware and software? Identify all hardware and software requirements of new or modified system Surf Web Read print and online trade journals, newspapers, and magazines Talk with other systems analysts
- 21. The System Development Life Cycle What are three basic documents used to summarize technical specifications? Less formal method that uses standard form to request information about product or service Vendor quotes price(s) for listed product(s) Vendor selects product(s) that meet(s) your requirements and then quotes price(s) Identifies product(s) you want Request for information (RFI) Request for proposal (RFP) Request for quotation (RFQ)
- 22. The System Development Life Cycle How do systems analysts test software products? References from vendor Talk to current users of product Product demonstrations Trial version of software Benchmark test measures performance
- 23. The System Development Life Cycle What is a detailed design? Includes several activities Database design Input and output design Program design Detailed design specifications for components in proposed solution
- 24. The System Development Life Cycle What is a mockup? Sample of input or output that contains actual data
- 25. The System Development Life Cycle What is a prototype? Working model of proposed system Beginning a prototype too early may lead to problems
- 26. The System Development Life Cycle What is computer-aided software engineering (CASE)? Software tools designed to support activities of system development cycle
- 27. Convert to new system The System Development Life Cycle What is the implementation phase? Purpose is to construct, or build, new or modified system and then deliver it to users Train users Install and test new system Develop programs
- 28. The System Development Life Cycle What are the three types of tests performed by system developers? Verifies application works with other applications Systems test Integration Test Unit Test Verifies each individual program works by itself Verifies all programs in application work together
- 29. The System Development Life Cycle What is training? Showing users exactly how they will use new hardware and software in system
- 30. The System Development Life Cycle What is the support phase? Conduct post-implementation system review—meeting to find out if information system is performing according to expectations Identify errors Identify enhancements Monitor system performance Provides ongoing assistance after system is implemented