WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK PROJECT ABSTRACT-ZIGBEE Based Patient Monitoring System&PC Interfacing to gsm
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This document describes a system that uses Zigbee technology to remotely monitor patients' heart rate and body temperature. Sensors attached to patients measure these vital signs and send the data wirelessly to a central computer. The computer monitors the readings and sends alerts to doctors' phones if abnormal values are detected. This allows for constant monitoring of at-risk patients like the elderly or those with heart conditions from their homes or in medical facilities.
WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK PROJECT ABSTRACT-ZIGBEE Based Patient Monitoring System&PC Interfacing to gsm
- 1. ZIGBEE Based Patient Monitoring System&PC Interfacing to gsm The HEART BEAT Heart rate is a term used to describe the frequency of the cardiac cycle. It is considered one of the four vital signs. Usually it is calculated as the number of contractions (heart beats) of the heart in one minute and expressed as "beats per minute" (bpm). See "Heart" for information on embryofetal heart rates. The heart beats up to 120 times per minute in childhood. When resting, the average adult human heart beats at about 70 bpm (males) and 75 bpm (females); however, this rate varies among people and can be significantly lower in athletes. The infant/neonatal rate of heartbeat is around 130-150 bpm, the toddler's about 100–130 bpm, the older child's about 90–110 bpm, and the adolescent's about 80–100 bpm. The pulse is the most commonly used method of measuring the heart rate. This method may be inaccurate in cases of low cardiac output, as
- 2. happens in some arrhythmias, where the heart rate may be considerably higher than the pulse rate. Monitoring Body Temperature Normal human body temperature, also known as normothermia or euthermia, is a concept that depends upon the place in the body at which the measurement is made, and the time of day and level of activity of the person. There is no single number that represents a normal or healthy temperature for all people under all circumstances using any place of measurement. Different parts of the body have different temperatures. Rectal and vaginal measurements, or measurements taken directly inside the body cavity, are typically slightly higher than oral measurements, and oral measurements are somewhat higher than skin temperature. The commonly accepted average core body temperature (taken internally) is 37.0 °C (98.6 °F). The typical oral (under the tongue) measurement is 36.8±0.7 °C, or 98.2±1.3 °F. The time of day and other circumstances also affects the body's temperature. The core body temperature of an individual tends to have the lowest value in the second half of the sleep cycle; the lowest point, called the nadir, is one of the primary markers for circadian rhythms. The body temperature also changes when a person is hungry, sleepy, or cold. So it is must to keep monitoring the body temperature of a patient. What is Zigbee: The name "ZigBee" is derived from the erratic zigging patterns many bees make between flowers when collecting pollen. This is evocative of the invisible webs of connections existing in a fully wireless
- 3. environment.. ZigBee is the name of a specification for a suite of high level communication protocols using small, low-power digital radios based on the IEEE 802.15.4 standard for wireless personal area networks (WPANs), such as wireless headphones connecting with cell phones via short-range radio. The technology is intended to be simpler and cheaper than other WPANs, such as Bluetooth. ZigBee is targeted at radio-frequency (RF) applications which require a low data rate, long battery life, and secure networking. Idea Using this Zigbee Technology we designed a system which regularly monitors a Person’s Heart beat rate and body temperature and reports to a system connected on a network through wireless media. Working of the project: Any old person, or a heart patient needs for constant monitoring of their Heartbeat and body temperature. Our project can be kept even in houses, where we can constantly monitor the above said parameters. This project can also be used in the ICU or in operation Theaters to identify the Heart Beat Rate and body temperature of the patient. The sensor used for this detection can he simply housed on the patient’s finger. The sensor detects pumping of the heart and produces a voltage output. This is then transferred to the computer. In the computer the output is plotted with respect to the real time to the heart beat rate. The Heartbeat Rate per minute is also given on the computer. For sensing body temperature we have used thermistor as a transducer. These information can be stored on the computer and can be used to analyze a status of the patient. Information in Doctors Mobile:
- 4. The heart beat rate and temperature is sent to a doctor’s mobile phone in abnormal cases Remote Mobile Phone: Mobile Phone cpu HEART BEAT=85 PBM Abnrmal Nokia BODY TEMP=98.6DEG Heartbeat 3310 65BPM PATIENT CONDITION NORMAL RS 232 Patient 1 Power Voltage Supply(+5 PIC Divider VDC) Microcontroller PIC16F877 Heart Beat Sensor Voltage Thermistor- Follower BODY TEMP
- 5. Patient 2 Power Voltage Supply(+5 PIC Divider VDC) Microcontroller PIC16F877 Heart Beat Sensor Voltage Thermistor- Follower BODY TEMP
- 6. Patient 2 Power Voltage Supply(+5 PIC Divider VDC) Microcontroller PIC16F877 Heart Beat Sensor Voltage Thermistor- Follower BODY TEMP
- 7. Patient 2 Power Voltage Supply(+5 PIC Divider VDC) Microcontroller PIC16F877 Heart Beat Sensor Voltage Thermistor- Follower BODY TEMP
- 8. Patient 2 Power Voltage Supply(+5 PIC Divider VDC) Microcontroller PIC16F877 Heart Beat Sensor Voltage Thermistor- Follower BODY TEMP