I sem syllabus

NRM – 111 Introductory Forest Economics 2(2+0)
Nature and scope of economics and its relationship with other sciences. Theory of
consumption. Marshallion theory of utility, equimarginal utility and Hicks-Allen approach for
determining consumer equilibrium. Concept and types of demand, laws of demand and factors
affecting demand of commodities. Elasticity – its kinds, measurement and factors affecting it.
Factors of production, their definition and characteristics, Law of diminishing marginal returns.
Supply – definition, law and elasticity. Market – its classification and price determination under
different market situation. Introduction to distribution theories with particular reference to
Ricardian Theory of Rent. Marginal productivity theory of wages, Liquidity preference theory of
interest, Marginal Productivity theory, risk taking and uncertainty bearing theories of profit.
National Income and its concepts. Concept and types of inflation.
Books Recommended:
1. Agricultural Problems of India - C. B. Mamoria.
2. Indian Economy - Rudar Datt and K. P. M. Sundharam.
3. Indian Economic Problems - Dr. Sibnath Bhattacharya and Prof.Amitabha.
1. Agricultural Problems of India - A. N. Agrawal, and Kundan Lal.
2. Natural Resource Conservation and Ecological aspect - O.S.Owen,
3. Fundamentals of Farm Business Management - S.S.Johi and T.R.Kapur.
4. Farm Management - S.P.Dhondyal.
5. Elements of Farm Management Economics - I. J. Singh.
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F/SSAC – 111 Fundamentals of Geology and Soil Science 2(1+1)

Composition of earth’ s crust, soil as a natural body-major components by volume-
pedologyrocks- types- Igneous-sedimentary and metamorphic-classification-soil forming
mineralsdefinition- classification-silicates-oxides carbonates – sulphides - phosphates-
occurrence.
Weathering of rocks and minerals-weathering factors-physical-chemical-biological agents
involved, weathering indices-factors of soil formation, land forms-parent material-
climateorganism- relief-time-soil forming processes-eluviations and illuviation-formation of
various soils. Problem soils: salted soils, permeable, flooded, sandy soils properties. Physical
parameters texture-definition-methods of textural analysis-Stock’ s law-assumptionlimitations-
textural classes-use of textural triangle, absolute specific gravity-definitionapparent specific
gravity/bulk density-factors influencing-field bulk density. Relation between BD.PD-Practical
Problem. Pore space-definition-factors affecting capillary and noncapillary porosity-soil colour-
definition-its significance-colour variable-hue, value, chroma, Munsell colour chart-factors
influencing-parent material-soil moisture-organic matter, soil structure-definition-classification-
clay prism like structure-factors influencing genesis of soil structure, soil consistency plasticity-
Atterberg’s constants. Soil air-air capacity-composition factors influencing-amount of air space-
soil air renewal, soil temperature-sources and distribution of heat-factors influencing-
measurement, chemical properties-soil colloidsorganic- humus-inorganic-secondary silicate-
clay-hydrous oxides. Soil organic matter decomposition-pH-nutrient availability-soil buffering
capacity, soil water-forms-hygroscopic capillary and gravitational-soil moisture constants-
hygroscopic coefficient-wilting point-field capacity-moisture equivalent, maximum water
holding capacity, energy concepts-pF scalemeasurement- gravimetric-electric and tensiometer
methods-pressure plate. and pressure membrane apparatus-Neutron probe-soil water movement-
saturated and unsaturated infiltration and percolation-soil survey – classification–aerial
photography–satellite–their interpretation, soil orders-land capability-classification, soils of
different eco-systems and their properties; water quality parameters and assessment.
Practical: Identification of rocks and minerals; Collection and preparation of soil samples;
Soil analyses for moisture, colour, bulk density, organic matter, pH, EC; Textural analysis by

hydrometer method; Study of soil profile I & II; Excursion tour for identification of rocks and
minerals and profile studies; Practical introduction to Tensiometer, pressure plate and neutron
probe etc.
BOOKS RECOMMENDED:
1. Text book of Soil Science J.A.Daji.
2. Physical Properties of Soils N.N.Narayhana and C.C.Shah.
3. Fundamentals of soil science Millar and Turk.
4. Text book of Soil Science T.D.Biswsas and S.K. Mukherijee
5. Nature and Properties of Soils N.C. Brady.
6. Soil, Their Chemistry and Fertility in Tropical Asia Tamhane et. al.
7. Practical Agricultural Chemistry and Soil Science Lal
Singh Bishen Singh Mahendrapal Singh, Deharadun,
India, 1988.
8. Practical Manual for Introductory Courses in Soils, S.S.Khanna and D.Y.Yadao, 1979,
HAU, Hissar.
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F/AGROMET – 111 Agricultural Meteorology 2(1+1)
Agrometeorology-definition, aim and scope. Factors and elements of weather and
climate. Composition and structure of atmosphere. Air and soil temperature regimes,
atmospheric humidity, types of clouds and precipitation, hails and frost. Cyclones, anticyclones
and thunderstorms. Solar radiations-components and effect on plant growth. Wind as a source of
energy. Effect of weather and climate on the growth and development of crops. Climatic
normals for crops. Agroclimatic zones of India and Himachal Pradesh. Evaporation and
transpiration. Use of remote sensing techniques in agrometerology. Agriculture weather
forecasting.
Practical: Study of temperature instruments, pressure instruments, humidity instruments, wind
instruments, rain instruments and wind rose. Solar radiation instruments with pyranometer.

Monthly variation of rainfall at Nauni. Lay out of an agromet observatory and types.
Measurement of wind and evaporation. Measurement of sunshine hours. Measurement of soil
temperature and dew.
BOOKS RECOMMENDED:
1. Meteorology by Donna W.C. 1965 Mc Graw Hill Book co. Newyork.
2. Introduction to agrometeorology by Mavi H.S. 1986. Oxford and IBH Publishing Co. New
Delhi.
3. Crop adoption and distribution by Wilsic C.P.1974 Eurasia Publishing house. New Delhi.
4. Meteorology by S.R. Ghadekar, Agromet Publishers Dharampeth, NGPUR-10
5. Atmosphere, weather and climate by Barry M.R. and Chorle, R. I.
6. A text book in a elementry meteorology by A. Bhir.
7. Elements of meteorology by Miller, Thompson and Peterson, Charles E. Publishing Co.
Columbus.
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F/BOT – 111 Principles of Cytology and Genetics 2(1+1)
History of genetics and hypothesis-theories. Physical basis of heredity, cell reproduction
– mitosis - meiosis and its significance. Gametogenesis and syngamy in plants. Mendel’s
principles of heredity, deviation from Mendelian inheritance, pleiotropy, threshold characters,
co-dominance pentrance and expresivity.. Chromosome theory of inheritance, gene interaction:
modification of monohybrid and dihybrid ratios. Multiple alleles, quantitative inheritance,
linkage and crossing over, sex determination - theories, sex linked inheritance and characters.
Cytoplasmic inheritance and maternal effects. Chemical basis of heredity: Structure of DNA and
its replication. Evidences to prove DNA as genetic material. Mutation and its classification.
Chromosomal aberrations: Changes in chromosome structure and number
Practical: Study of fixatives and stains; Preparation of slides showing various stages of mitosis;
Preparation of slides showing various stages of meiosis; Testing the viability and germination of

pollen grains; Solving the problems on monohybrid and dihybrid crosses; Estimation of
linkages/chromosome mapping.
BOOKS RECOMMENDED :
1. Sunderraj D.D.Thuylsidas, G. and Dorairaj M.S. (1997). Introduction to Cytogenetics
and Plant Breeding, Popular Book Depot, Chennai.
2. Singh B. D. (1990). Fundamentals of Genetics, Kalyani Publishers, Ludhiana.
3. Gupta P.K. (1997). Genetics, Rastogi Publications, Meerut.
4. Gardner, E.J. (1981). Principles of Genetics, John Wiley and Sons, U.S.A.
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F/HORT – 111 Fundamentals of Horticulture 3(2+1)
Economic importance and classification of horticultural crops and their culture and
nutritive value, area and production, exports and imports, fruit and vegetable zones of India and
of different states, nursery management practices, soil and climate, vegetable gardens, nutrition
and kitchen garden and other types of gardens – principles, planning and layout, management of
orchards, planting systems and planting densities. Production and practices for fruit, vegetable
and floriculture crops, nursery techniques and their management. Principles and methods of
pruning and training of fruit crops, types and use of growth regulators in horticulture, water
management, weed management, fertility management in horticultural crops, cropping systems,
intercropping, multi-tier cropping, mulching, bearing habits, factors influencing the fruitfulness
and unfruitfulness. Rejuvenation of old orchards, top working, frame working, principles of
organic farming.
Practical: Features of orchard, planning and layout of orchard, tools and implements, layout of
nutrition garden, preparation of nursery beds for sowing of vegetable seeds, digging of pits for
fruit plants, planting systems, training and pruning of orchard trees, preparation of fertilizer
mixtures and field application, preparation and application of growth regulators, layout of
different irrigation systems, identification and management of nutritional disorder in fruits and

vegetables, assessment of bearing habits, maturity standards, harvesting, grading, packaging and
storage.
Books Recommended:
1. Fundamentals of Horticulture - Edmond J.B.,Musses A.M. and Andrews F. S.
2. Plant propagation principles - Hartman and Kestar,E.D.
and practices
3. Propagation of tropical and - Bose,T.K. and other
sub-tropical fruit crops
Reference books recommended:
1. Principles of Horticulture - Denision, E. T.
2. Propagation of tropical - Gardner and others.
fruit trees
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F/BOT – 112 Principles of Plant Physiology 2(1+1)
Water relations in plants: role of water in plant metabolism, osmosis, imbibition,
diffusion, water potential and its components, absorption of water, mechanisms of absorption,
ascent of sap. Stomata, structure, distribution, classification, mechanisms of opening and closing
of stomata, guttation, transpiration, factors affecting transpiration. Different types of stresses:
water, heat and cold tolerance, mechanism of tolerance. Plant nutrition: essentiality, mechanism
of absorption, role in plant metabolism, Photosynthesis, importance of photosynthesis, Structure
and function of chloroplast, dark and light reactions, CO2 fixation, C3, C4 and CAM, advantages
of C4 pathway, photorespiration and its implications. Factors affecting the photosynthesis.
Respiration, glycolysis, TCA cycle and Electron transport chain, ATP synthesis and factors
affecting the respiration. . Photohormones, physiological role in controlling plant process.
Environmental stimuli for plant development.

Practical: Measurement of water potential by different methods, Osmosis – demonstration,
Plasmolysis – demonstration, Root pressure – demonstration, Transpiration rate, Studying the
structure of stomata, studying the opening and closing of stomata, Demonstration of importance
of light in photosynthesis, Separation of xanthophyll, Chlorophyll in plants, Studying the activity
of catalase, Detection of phenols in plants, Studying the plant movements, Root initiation in
cuttings.
BOOKS RECOMMENDED :
1. Plant physiology by R.M. Devlin (1978)
2. Plant physiology by Mayer D.S. and B.D.Anderson(1968)
3. Plant Physiology by Pandey S.N. and B.K.Sinha(1982)
4. The Book of Plant Physiology by Verma V. (1987)
5. Plant propagation practice, Huason T.H. and dele E. Western (1982) New Delhi.
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F/BOT – 113 Introductory Botany (DC) 3(2+1)
Introduction to Botany and general classification of plants. Parts of a typical flowering
plant. Morphology of root, stem, leaf and flower. Structure and types of plant tissues. Internal
structure of Dicot and Monocot Stems, Roots and a typical Leaf. Significance of life cycle with
special reference to alternation of generations in Chlamydomonas, Rhizopus, Funaria, Adiantum,
Pinus and a flowering plant. Importance of plants in relation to environments.
Practical: Morphological studies of roots, stems, leaves and flowers. Studies of permanent slides
of histology and anatomy. Morphological studies of gametophytes and sporophytes of the plants
pertaining to the life cycle. General survey of the local vegetation. A field trip during the
semester.
Books Recommended

1. Text Book of Botany A.C.Dutta
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F/MATH – 111 Basic Mathematics (DC) 3(3+0)
Elementary idea of complex number. Arithmetic and Geometric progressions.
Elementary idea of permutation and combinations. Binomial theocrem for positive integral
index, any index and their applications, addition and substraction formulae. A, B and C, D
formulae. Sine and Cosine formulae. Inverse Trignometric functions. Introduction to matrices
and determinants, special type of matrices, addition, substraction and multiplication of matries.
Inverse of a matrix solution of system of linear equations using Cramer’ s rule and matrices
method. Measures of central tendency and dispersion. Correlation and Regression. Elementary
idea of probability theory
Books Recommended:
1) Higher Algebra - Hall and knight
2) Plane Trigonometry -I - S. L. Loney.
3) Coordinate Geometry-I - S. L. Loney.
4) Differential calculus - Shanti Narayan.
5) Integral calculus. - Shanti Narayan .
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F/LANG – 111 Structural Grammar and Spoken English (NC) 2
(1+1)
Applied Grammar: Introduction to Word Classes. Structure of the Verb in English. Uses
of Tenses. Study of Voice. Use of Conjunctions and Prepositions. Sentence Patterns in English.
Spoken English: Conversations of Different Situations in Everyday Life. The Concept of Stress,
Stress Shift in Words and Sentences. Words with Silent Letters and their Pronunciations. The
Basic Intonation Patterns.

Practical: Exercises in Word Classes. Study of Verb Patterns. Use of Tenses and Voice.
Exercises in the Use of Conjunctions and Prepositions. Exercises in Sentence Patterns. Writing
Reports on Topics relating to Horticulture/Forestry, using Active and Passive Sentences. (i)
Conversations related to Everyday Situations, (ii) Selection and Practice of Conversations for the
Study of the Concept of Stress, Stress Shift, Silent Letters in Words and Basic Intonation
Patterns.
Books Recommended
1. Discourse Skills in English.G.Jacob, Maya Pandit Narkar and Adrian Holliday
Frank Bros. & Co. Ltd. Lamington Road, Mumbai 400 007
Deans Committee – Syllabus
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I sem syllabus

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I sem syllabus