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- 1. Digital Sign System for Indoor Wayfinding for the Visually Impaired
- 2. Outline Proceedings of the 2005 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Introduction System DSS IGS Discussion Summary
- 3. Introduction Independent mobility is an important prerequisite for full participation in modern society Obstacle avoidance and wayfinding Obstacle avoidance refers to the local problem of taking the next step safely without bumping into things, or tripping. Wayfinding refers to the global problem of planning and following routes from place to place while maintaining a real-time understanding of current position and heading.
- 4. Several technologies for indoor wayfinding Braille signs Talking Signs Talking Lights RFID tags Dead reckoning Wi-Fi signals
- 5. System The design and implementation of a digital sign system based on low-cost passive retro-reflective tags printed that can be readily detected and identified by a handheld camera and machine-vision system Digital Sign System (DSS) Indoor Guidance System (IGS)
- 6. Digital Sign System (DSS) Passive retro-reflective( 回覆反射 ) tags A hand-held sensor module dubbed the “Magic Flashlight” The machine-vision software that identifies the tags
- 7. Passive retro-reflective tags (I) A DSS tag consists of a specially designed pattern printed on a retro-reflective sheet Retro-reflective material comes in different colors to match the interior design of a building.
- 8. Passive retro-reflective tags (II)
- 9. A hand-held sensor module dubbed the “Magic Flashlight (MF)” (I) It consists of IR illuminators ， IR phototransistors ， and a black-and-white camera The MF has two modes of operation ： search and identification
- 10. A hand-held sensor module dubbed the “Magic Flashlight (MF)” (II)
- 11. The machine-vision software that identifies the tags The Search Mode The search mode is supported by three IR LEDs and three associated IR phototransistors. Using “lock-in amplifier” techniques, the LEDs are strobed on and off at a consistent rate, roughly 470Hz Tag Identification
- 12. The Search Mode
- 15. Indoor Guidance System (IGS) DSS A building database A user interface with speech output
- 16. A building database A relational database management system (RDBMS) The integrator layer provides a well-defined application programming interface (API) The “base” layer An “overlay”
- 17. RDBMS
- 18. User Interface – List based Navigation The user interface for the IGS is targeted towards visually impaired people so the primary mode of information presentation is synthetic speech The biggest challenge here is structuring information about building layouts using consistent and unambiguous terminology
- 19. Discussion The tag identification subsystem It runs the tag segmentation and decoding algorithms, has been successfully tested in a wide range of conditions A condition that is difficult for the tag identification subsystem when a tag is brightly illuminated by direct sunlight The code for the tag identification subsystem is written in Matlab and has not been optimized for real-time operation search mode The analog circuitry that implements the search mode of the Magic Flashlight operates in real-time Its robustness has yet to be fully evaluated
- 20. Successful test in a wide range of conditions
- 21. Summary
- 22. Thank you