1 How Many Sexes Are There
4 likes1,281 views
The document critiques the binary sexual system exemplified by the Adam and Eve narrative, arguing that it restricts understanding of human diversity and causes suffering, especially for transsexual individuals. It presents scientific insights about sexual determination, highlighting that the mammalian body plan is fundamentally female, with males being altered females. The summary emphasizes that every individual's body exists on a continuum from female to male, shaped by hormonal influences during development.
1 How Many Sexes Are There
- 1. Science & Sexuality By Veronica Drantz, PhD © 2008 A refutation of the binary sexual system exemplified by the Adam & Eve story
- 2. Genesis Story Is BAD BIOLOGY and Causes Too Much Suffering! Muslim Adam & Eve
- 3. “ The Narratives of Our Culture Are Too Limited” “… perhaps it is the religious grounding of our culture that makes us think there are only two types of bodies to begin with The implicit dimorphism of the story of Adam and Eve deeply conditions our understanding of the possibilities of our species … it is not that their (transsexual children's) bodies or minds are "wrong," but that the narratives of our culture are too limited for their bodies, their minds, and indeed, even their fantasies” Conroy, Melissa. (Assistant Professor of Religion in the Department of Religion and Philosophy at Muskingum College, New Concord, Ohio - Remarks after hearing NPR program on transsexual children) Trangenderism And Religious Narratives. SIGHTINGS, (6/5/2008)
- 4. How Many Sexes Are There?
- 5. Human Chromosomes 23 Pairs XX (Female), XY (Male) Ganong, William F. REVIEW OF MEDICAL PHYSIOLOGY 22 nd ed. Lange Medical Books/McGraw-Hill (2005)
- 7. Genetic Sex Determination Typical male has Y chromosome Typical female does not have Y chromosome Ganong, William F. REVIEW OF MEDICAL PHYSIOLOGY 22 nd ed. Lange Medical Books/McGraw-Hill (2005)
- 8. Y Chromosome Has Testis-determining Region (Gene) Is a sex-determining gene on the Y chromosome in placental mammals and marsupials Initiates male sex determination Located near tip of short arm of Y chromosome Codes for SRY protein SRY = Sex-determining region Y aka testis determining factor = TDF Causes gonad to differentiate into testes SRY protein is DNA-binding regulatory protein Acts as transcription factor Initiates transcription of cascade of genes necessary for testicular differentiation
- 9. Barr Body in Typical Female Cells Ganong, William F. REVIEW OF MEDICAL PHYSIOLOGY 22 nd ed. Lange Medical Books/McGraw-Hill (2005)
- 10. Sexual Differentiation of Internal Genitalia Ganong, William F. REVIEW OF MEDICAL PHYSIOLOGY 22 nd ed. Lange Medical Books/McGraw-Hill (2005)
- 11. Sexual Differentiation of External Genitalia Ganong, William F. REVIEW OF MEDICAL PHYSIOLOGY 22 nd ed. Lange Medical Books/McGraw-Hill (2005)
- 12. Sexual Development in Mammals Ganong, William F. REVIEW OF MEDICAL PHYSIOLOGY 22 nd ed. Lange Medical Books/McGraw-Hill (2005)
- 13. Puberty Ganong, William F. REVIEW OF MEDICAL PHYSIOLOGY 22 nd ed. Lange Medical Books/McGraw-Hill (2005)
- 14. Male Testosterone Levels Ganong, William F. REVIEW OF MEDICAL PHYSIOLOGY 22 nd ed. Lange Medical Books/McGraw-Hill (2005)
- 15. Puberty Alteration in typical women Ganong, William F. REVIEW OF MEDICAL PHYSIOLOGY 22 nd ed. Lange Medical Books/McGraw-Hill (2005) Female Secondary Sex Characteristic Cause Genitalia Enlargement of breasts, uterus, vagina Estrogen Voice larynx retains prepubertal proportions; high-pitched voice Lack of testicular androgens Hair less body hair, more scalp hair, flat-topped pubic hair pattern Lack of testicular androgens Pubic and axillary hair Androgen Mental Interest in sex Androgen Body Conformation Narrow shoulders, broad hips, thighs that converge, arms that diverge (wide carrying angle), female distribution of fat in breasts & buttocks Lack of testicular androgens Skin Sebaceous glands more fluid (inhibit acne) Estrogen
- 16. There Is Only One Sex! Mammalian body plan is inherently female Male is altered female !!! Every individual’s body plan is a variation on the female theme Default (female) Fully altered (male) Partly altered (intersex) Everyone falls on some point of the continuum from female (gynemorphic) to male (andromorphic) This body plan is organized by presence or absence of steroid hormones during the critical period of development and then activated later by steroid hormones during puberty