1 scorbot-er-iii_user_manual

SCORBOT-ER III
User’s Manual
6th Edition
Catalog No. 100038 Rev.A

Copyright ©1995, 1999 Eshed Robotec (1982) Limited.
Catalog #100038 Rev.A
(December 1995) Sixth Edition; March 1999 Reprinted/PDF version
SBN 965-291-052-X
Every effort has been made to make this book as complete and accurate as possible.
However, no warranty of suitability, purpose, or fitness is made or implied. Eshed
Robotec is not liable or responsible to any person or entity for loss or damage in
connection with or stemming from the use of the software, hardware and/or the
information contained in this publication.
Eshed Robotec bears no responsibility for errors which may appear in this
publication and retains the right to make changes to the software, hardware and
manual without prior notice.
Read this manual thoroughly before attempting to install or operate the robot,
controller or computer. If you have any problems during installation or operation,
call your agent for assistance.
Save the original carton and all packing material. You may need them later for
shipment.
SCORBOT is a registered trademark, and SCORBASE a trademark, of Eshed
Robotec (1982) Ltd.

Table of Contents
CHAPTER 1
General Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1
Unpacking and Handling Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2
Repacking for Shipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2
Acceptance Inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3
Standard Items . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3
Optional Accessories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4
Safety Precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-5
Warnings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-6
CHAPTER 2
Components and Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1
The Robot Arm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1
Motors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4
Encoders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4
Microswitches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4
Transmissions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4
Robot Cable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-5
The Controller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-6
Controller Housing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-6
Main Controller Circuitry (PC 010) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-6
Display and Input/Output Circuitry (PC 310) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7
Display Circuitry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7
I/O Circuitry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-8
Motors 6 and 7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-9
Drive Circuitry: NPN and PNP (PC 200N and PC 200P) . . . . . . . . 2-9
Power Supply Circuitry (PC 410) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-9
CHAPTER 3
Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1
Connecting the Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1
Installing the Robot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1
Connecting the Robot to the Controller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2
Connecting the Computer/Terminal to the Controller . . . . . . . . . . 3-2
Testing the Controller Display Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3
Testing the Motors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3
USER’S MANUAL SCORBOT-ER III v
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CHAPTER 4
Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1
SCORBASE Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1
Loading SCORBASE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1
SCORBASE Level 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2
Main Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2
Teach Positions Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-4
List / Delete Positions Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-7
Edit Program Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-9
List / Delete Program Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-11
Program Handling Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-13
Run Program Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-15
SCORBASE Level 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-17
Main Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-17
List / Delete Positions Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-18
Run Program Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-20
Home Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-21
SCORBASE Level 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-23
Main Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-23
Operating Keys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-24
Coordinates Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-28
List / Delete Position Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-29
Additional Editing Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-35
Editing Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-36
Run Program Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-41
Home Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-43
Command Line Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-46
Size Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-46
Device Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-46
Automatic Run Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-47
Programs on the SCORBASE Diskettes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-48
HOME# Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-48
DEMO Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-48
Position Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-50
vi SCORBOT-ER III USER’S MANUAL
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CHAPTER 5
The Teach Pendant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1
Connecting the Teach Pendant to the Controller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-2
Teach Pendant Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-3
TEACH Key (Teach Mode) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-4
EDIT Key (Edit Mode) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-7
MODE Key (Select Mode) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-10
RESET Key . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-13
BRAKE Key . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-13
SCORBASE Level 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-14
Main Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-14
Other Menus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-15
Saving Programs from Teach Pendant to Computer Disk(ette) . . . . . . 5-15
Computer Editing of Programs Written on the Teach Pendant . . . . . . 5-15
Loading Programs from Computer Disk(ette) to Teach Pendant . . . . . 5-16
CHAPTER 6
Maintenance and Repairs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-1
Routine Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-1
Troubleshooting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-4
CHAPTER 7
Parts Lists and Exploded Views . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-1
APPENDIX A
Writing Software for SCORBOT-ER III . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-1
The SCORBOT-ER III Operating System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-1
Controller Operating System Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-1
Uni-Directional Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-2
Motor Movement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-2
Set Speed of Motors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-3
Set Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-3
Reset Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-3
Stop Motor Movement (with Loss of Information) . . . . . . . . . . . A-3
Emergency Brake all Motors (without Loss of Information) . . . . . . . A-4
Resume Motor Movement (following Emergency Brake) . . . . . . . . A-4
Set a New Offset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-4
Disable Interrupt Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-4
Regular Bi-Directional Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-5
Check Input Status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-5
Check Limit Switch Status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-5
Check Completion of All Motor Movement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-6
Check Expected Completion of All Motor Movement (Offset of 14 Pulses) A-6
Check Status of Motors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-7
USER’S MANUAL SCORBOT-ER III vii
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Enable Interrupt Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-7
Special Bi-Directional Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-8
Check Remainder of Motor Movement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-8
Check Remainder of Motor Movement (following Emergency Brake) . . A-9
Switching the Communication Ports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-9
APPENDIX B
Controller-Computer RS232 Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-1
SCORBOT-ER III RS232 Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-1
RS232 Cable Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-1
RS232 Card Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-2
APPENDIX C
Input/Output Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-1
Inputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-1
Relay Outputs (Outputs 1–4) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-3
Open Collector Outputs (Outputs 5–8) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-4
APPENDIX D
Wiring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-1
Controller Wiring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-1
Robot – Controller Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-1
Single Axis Wiring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-5
APPENDIX E
The Optical Encoders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-1
APPENDIX F
The Motor Kit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F-1
APPENDIX G
The Rotary Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G-1
APPENDIX H
The Conveyor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H-1
APPENDIX I
The Experiment (Microswitch) Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I-1
APPENDIX J
The Linear Slidebase . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J-1
viii SCORBOT-ER III USER’S MANUAL
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List of Figures
Figure 1-1: SCORBOT–ER III in Packing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1
Figure 2-1: Robot Joints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1
Figure 2-2: Robot Arm Segments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2
Figure 2-3: Gripper (Removal of Rubber Pads) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2
Figure 2-4: Robot Arm Transmissions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4
Figure 2-5: Controller Housing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-6
Figure 2-6: Controller Front Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7
Figure 2-7: Input/Output Terminals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-8
Figure 2-8: Power Drive Card (PC 200) Circuitry . . . . . . . . . . . 2-10
Figure 2-9: Power Supply Card (PC 410) Circuitry . . . . . . . . . . . 2-11
Figure 3-1: Base Plate Layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1
Figure 3-2: Controller Rear Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2
Figure 3-3: RS232 Setup for Computer as COM1 . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3
Figure 3-4: Recommended Starting Position for Motor Test . . . . . . . 3-4
Figure 4-1: Hard Home Position . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-22
Figure 5-1: Teach Pendant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1
Figure 5-2: Teach Pendant – Keyboard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-3
Figure 6-1: Checking Belt Tension . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-1
Figure 6-2: Tightening Belts in Forearm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-2
Figure 6-3: Tightening Belts in Upper Arm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-2
Figure 6-4: Tightening Belts in Robot Base . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-2
Figure 6-5: Spring and Washers between Encoder and Motor . . . . . . 6-7
Figure 6-6: The Encoder Signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-8
Figure 7-1: Gripper Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-8
Figure 7-2: Robot Arm Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-9
Figure 7-3: Anti-Backlash Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-10
Figure 7-4: Base and Motors Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-11
Figure C-1: Input – Application 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-1
Figure C-2: Input – Application 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-2
Figure C-3: Input – Appication 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-2
Figure C-4: Relay Output States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-3
Figure C-5: Relay Output – Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-3
Figure C-6: Open Collector Output – Application 1 . . . . . . . . . . . C-4
Figure D-1: Controller Internal Wiring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-2
Figure D-2: Motor Wiring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-5
Figure E-1: Encoder Disks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-1
Figure E-2: Encoder Circuitry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-1
USER’S MANUAL SCORBOT-ER III ix
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Figure E-3: Height of Electronic Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-2
Figure E-4: Encoder Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-2
Figure F-1: The Motor Kit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F-1
Figure G-1: The Rotary Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G-1
Figure H-1: The Conveyor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H-1
Figure I-1: The Experiment Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I-1
Figure I-2: Lamp and Buzzer Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I-2
Figure J-1: The Linear Slidebase . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J-1
x SCORBOT-ER III USER’S MANUAL
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List of Tables
Table 1-1: SCORBOT–ER III Standard Components . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3
Table 1-2: SCORBOT–ER III Optional Accessories . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4
Table 2-1: SCORBOT–ER III Robot Arm Specifications . . . . . . . . 2-3
Table 7-1: Robot Arm Components – SCORBOT-ER III . . . . . . . . . 7-1
Table 7-2: Controller Components – SCORBOT-ER III . . . . . . . . . 7-6
Table D-1: Wiring to Motors, Encoders and Microswitches . . . . . . . D-3
Table D-2: Single Axis Wiring with D9 Connector . . . . . . . . . . . D-5
USER’S MANUAL SCORBOT-ER III xi
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CHAPTER 1
General Information
Congratulations! You are now the owner of the SCORBOT–ER III educational
robot. Many hours of interesting and stimulating work now await you.
Read this chapter carefully before you unpack the
SCORBOT–ER III robot and controller.
Figure 1-1: SCORBOT–ER III in Packing
USER’S MANUAL SCORBOT–ER III 1-1
9211

Unpacking and Handling Instructions
The SCORBOT–ER III robot arm and controller are packed and shipped in a carton
weighing 22 kg (48.5 lb.) and measuring:
Height: 400 mm (15.5")
Width: 460 mm (18")
Length: 610 mm (24")
After you have removed the SCORBOT–ER III User’s Manual from the recess in
the top layer of the molded foam, carefully remove the layer of foam which covers
the robot and controller (see Figure 1-1).
To remove the robot, grasp the orange aluminum side plate with one hand and the
black handle (carrying bar) at the rear of the robot with the other hand. Carefully
lift the robot out of the box. Set the robot down on its base.
Lift and/or carry the robot arm only by grasping the carrying bar or by holding
the body or the base with both hands.
Warning! Prevent damage to the robot arm. When handling, do not
grasp the gripper, upper arm or forearm, and do not touch the
micro-switches, cams or encoders.
To remove the controller, grasp it on its two metal sides. Set it down on its base.
Unpack the electric power cable and the RS232 cable.
To install the robot, refer to the instructions in Chapter 3.
Repacking for Shipment
Save the carton and molded foam for use when storing or shipping the
equipment. The SCORBOT–ER III arm and controller should always be
repacked in their original packing materials.
When repacking, make sure the microswitch on the base of the robot is not in
contact with its cam.
1-2 SCORBOT–ER III USER’S MANUAL
9211

Acceptance Inspection
Standard Items
Following is a list of the items included in the SCORBOT–ER III standard package.
Make sure you have received all these items.
Check all items for any shipping damage prior to installation or operation. If any
damage is evident, do not use the SCORBOT. Notify your freight dealer
immediately and begin appropriate claims procedures.
Table 1-1: SCORBOT–ER III Standard Components
Item Description
1. SCORBOT–ER III Mechanical Arm
2. SCORBOT–ER III Controller
3. SCORBOT-ER III User’s Manual
4. SCORBASE Software Levels 1, 2 and 3 diskettes
5. Power Cable
6. RS232 Cable
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Optional Accessories
Following is a list of optional accessories. Make sure you have received all the
items you ordered.
Table 1-2: SCORBOT–ER III Optional Accessories
Item Description Catalog #
1. Teach Pendant
(includes SCORBASE Level 4)
1701
2. SCORBASE Level 5 9003
3. Motor Kit 1206
4. Rotary Table 1004
5. Conveyor (orange) 1003
6. Experiment Table 1201
7. Linear Slide Base
48" Slide Base
72" Slide Base
1001
1002
8. Utilities Control Box 1204
9. Vacuum Gripper (1 pad) 601
10. Vacuum Gripper (3 pads) 602
11. Air Brush 603
12. Dispenser 604
13. Gripper Adaptor for Round Bars 606
14. Photoelectric Sensor 1203
15. Dual Axis Vise
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Safety Precautions
The SCORBOT-ER III is potentially dangerous! Use extreme caution when
operating the robot. Carelessness could result in injury to the operator and people
in the vicinity.
Study this manual thoroughly before you install or operate the
SCORBOT-ER III.
1. Make sure the robot’s base is fastened to the work surface by means of at least
three bolts, set 120° apart (see Figure 3-1). Otherwise, the robot could become
unstable and topple over during operation.
2. Make sure the robot arm has sufficient space in which to move freely.
3. Do not place your hands or fingers or any object within the robot arm’s operating
range, particularly while it is in motion.
4. Before you approach or handle the robot, make sure the MOTOR switch on the
controller front panel has been shut off. Otherwise an unexpected signal could
trigger robot motion.
5. Before you connect any input or output to the controller, make sure the controller
POWER switch has been shut off.
6. Before you remove any fuses from the controller rear panel, unplug the power
cable from the AC power outlet.
7. Do not open the controller housing.
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Warnings
To prevent damage to the SCORBOT-ER III, make sure you heed the following
warnings:
1. Do not plug the controller into the 220/110/100V AC outlet before making sure
the voltage on the manufacturer’s tag at the back of the controller matches your
voltage supply. If your power supply and the controller voltage requirements are
not compatible, contact your agent immediately and have the controller exchanged.
2. Do not connect voltage in excess of 24 VDC to the input ports.
3. Do not connect voltage in excess of 24 VDC to the output ports.
Always connect outputs 5 through 8 (open collector outputs) to a load.
Never connect voltage from a power supply directly to the output ports.
Never drive a current of more than 4 amp through the relay outputs.
Never drive a current of more than 0.5 amp through each of the open collector
outputs. Moreover, make sure that the total current driven through outputs 5–8
does not exceed 1.5 amps.
4. Do not exert force on any part of the system. All installation and operational
procedures are designed to proceed smoothly and easily.
5. Do not use physical or mechanical means to stop the movement of any part of the
robot arm.
6. Do not drive the arm into another object or an obstacle.
7. Do not expose the SCORBOT to impact or vibration.
8. Do not operate the SCORBOT beyond the allowed temperature range: 5°–40°C
(41°–104°F).
9. Do not allow water, liquids or metal shavings to fall on the robot or controller.
10. Do not operate the SCORBOT in gaseous or explosive environments, in wet or
damp locations, or near dust, dirt and oil.
11. Do not overload the arm. The workload may not exceed 1 kilo (2.2 lb.). The gripper
should grasp a workload at its center of gravity.
12. Do not leave any of the axes under mechanical strain for a long period, and
especially do not leave the gripper grasping an object for any length of time.
13. Do not use the SCORBOT where the power line contains spikes of high surge
voltage, or near any equipment (such as presses, oscillators, large size inverters,
contactors) which generates large electrical noise.
9211

CHAPTER 2
Components and Specifications
The SCORBOT-ER III system consists of the mechanical arm and the electronic
controller.
The Robot Arm
The SCORBOT–ER III is a vertically
articulated robot. It has a base joint
which rotates the arm in a horizontal
plane, three joints which rotate the
robot’s links in a vertical plane, and a
wrist roll joint which rotates the
gripper (see Figures 2-1 and 2-2).
The body of the robot is the main
frame, which contains five of the six
motors.
The links (upper arm and forearm)
and the joints enable the desired
movements of the gripper.
The gripper is the end effector of the
robot arm. For the gripper to reach
the desired position, some or all of the
axes must move.
The gripper fingers open and close in parallel. Various kinds of pads and end
effectors, such as an air brush or a vacuum gripper, can be attached to the gripper
by means of the ∅ 4 mm (0.16") holes in the gripper fingers (see Figure 2-3).
Figure 2-1: Robot Joints
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Figure 2-2: Robot Arm Segments
Figure 2-3: Gripper (Removal of Rubber Pads)
2-2 SCORBOT–ERIII USER’S MANUAL
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The following table gives the technical specifications of the SCORBOT-ER III robot
arm.
Table 2-1: SCORBOT-ER III Robot Arm Specifications
Item Specification
Mechanical Structure Vertically articulated
5 axes plus gripper
Control of 8 axes simultaneously
Working Envelope:
Axis 1: Base Rotation
Axis 2: Shoulder Rotation
Axis 3: Elbow Rotation
Axis 4: Wrist Pitch
Axis 5: Wrist Roll
310°
+ 130° / –35°
± 130°
± 130°
Unlimited
Maximum Working Radius 610 mm (24.4")
Gripper Opening 75 mm (3") without rubber pads
65 mm (2.56") with rubber pads
Maximum Work Load 1 kg (2.2 lb.)
Transmission Gears, timing belts and lead screw
Actuators 6 DC servo motors with closed-loop
control
Feedback Optical encoders on all axes
Hard Home Fixed reference position on all axes
Repeatability ± 0.5 mm (± 0.02")
Maximum Speed 330 mm/sec. (13"/sec.)
Weight
Robot Arm
Controller
11 kg (24 lb.)
5 kg (11 lb.)
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Motors
The five axes and the gripper are operated by DC servo motors. The direction of
motor revolution is determined by the polarity of the operating voltage: positive
DC voltage turns the motor in one direction, while negative DC voltage turns it in
the opposite direction. Each motor has closed-loop control; that is, an encoder
circuit provides the controller with feedback on the extent and direction of the
movement of the motor.
Encoders
An optical encoder mounted on each motor continuously monitors the positions,
direction and velocity along the path of movement. The encoder produces an
electric pulse according to the rotation of the motor shaft on which it is mounted.
The number and rate of the pulses are measured by the controller which then
compares the actual position with the desired position, and makes any necessary
adjustments. See Appendix E for more details.
Microswitches
Five microswitches are fitted onto
the mechanical arm. When the
robot assumes the position in which
the microswitch on each joint is
depressed (by the cam), this
predetermined position is known as
hard home. This is the point of
reference for robot operation.
Whenever the system is turned on,
the robot should be reset to this hard
home position. Refer to the Home
Menu in the section, “SCORBASE
Level 2,” in Chapter 4.
Transmissions
Several kinds of transmission are
used to operate the links of the
mechanical arm. Toothed gears
move the robot base and shoulder.
Toothed gears and timing belts
move the robot elbow. Timing belts
Figure 2-4: Robot Arm Transmissions
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and a toothed gear differential unit at the end of the arm move the wrist. A lead
screw coupled directly to a DC servo motor causes the gripper to open and close.
Robot Cable
The main cable of the robot contains 50 leads divided into six groups (one for each
motor). Each group contains eight leads:
• 2 leads supply voltage to the motor.
• 2 leads receive pulses from the optical encoder (channel 0 and channel 1).
• 1 lead carries the signal from the microswitch.
• 1 lead supplies voltage to the encoder (VLED).
• 1 lead provides the ground for the microswitch.
• 1 lead provides the ground for the encoder.
All commands, both operational and control, are transmitted through this cable,
which is the sole connection between the robot arm and the controller. The cable
runs from the robot base to the D50 connector marked ROBOT on the rear panel
of the controller. See Appendix D for more details.
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The Controller
The controller has six main
components: the controller housing; the
main controller circuit; the display and
I/O circuit; two drive circuits: NPN and
PNP; and the power supply
Controller Housing
The base of the controller contains the
main circuit, the power supply, the
transformer and the two drive circuits.
The display and I/O printed circuit
board is fitted into the cover (see Figure
2-5).
Main Controller Circuitry (PC 010)
The main controller circuit operates the robot’s motors, encoders, inputs, outputs,
microswitches, test routine, and communication. The controller circuit is a slave
of the computer, communicating by means of the RS232 serial port.
The main components of the circuit are:
• Central Processing Unit (CPU): INTEL 8031.
• EPROM: A fixed memory of 16K bytes which contains the controller’s
operational software.
• Logic Components and Buffers: Transmit information to the CPU and execute
instructions relating to the motors, encoders, inputs and outputs.
• Multiplexers: Expand the CPU’s capability for receiving input/output
information.
• Drivers: Activate motors and outputs. These include switching components
such as power transistors. Drivers also interface between low-power and
high-power components.
• Serial Communication Components: Receive and transmit information in
RS232 standard (± 12V) and exchange it with the TTL levels of the CPU. The
teach pendant also communicates through the RS232 circuitry.
Altogether the main controller circuit controls eight motors (the six motors on the
robot arm are connected through the cable which plugs into the port marked ROBOT
at the back of the controller; two additional motors can be connected to the ports
Figure 2-5: Controller Housing
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marked MOTOR 6 and MOTOR 7 on the controller front panel.)
In addition, the main controller circuit operates eight outputs and checks the state
of eight inputs. It also checks the state of up to eight microswitches and reads the
state of the eight encoders.
Display and Input/Output Circuitry (PC 310)
Display Circuitry
The display circuit is fitted to the cover of the controller housing. This circuit
includes push button switches, I/O terminals and LEDs (see Figure 2-6).
Switches:
• The MOTOR on/off switch for DC power to the motors.
• Two INPUT switches connected to inputs 1 and 2; these can be used to simulate
inputs.
• The RESET switch resets the controller to its initial state.
• The LAMP TEST switch causes all the LEDs on the panel to light up.
• The MOTOR TEST switch initiates a diagnostic routine on the robot’s motors.
Note: The MOTOR switch and INPUT switches 1 and 2 are activated by pressing
them (for both on and off). Do not attempt to pull them out.
LEDs:
• A green LED (POWER light) indicates 110 VAC (220 VAC) voltage.
• A green LED (on MOTOR switch) indicates DC voltage to the motors.
• Eight yellow LEDs show whether the inputs are on or off.
• Eight green LEDs show whether the outputs are on or off.
Figure 2-6 Controller Front Panel
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I/O Circuitry
Warning! Make sure the controller POWER switch is off before you
make any connections to the I/O terminals.
Inputs 1–8
Twelve screw terminal connectors are used to connect the eight inputs to the
controller. The first four connectors (on the left) are connected to ground. The next
eight are connected to the circuitry for inputs 1 through 8.
You can produce input signals in two ways:
• Connect a microswitch to an input terminal and to a ground terminal.
• Connect an external voltage signal to an input terminal and connect the external
ground pole to the SCORBOT-ER III ground pole.
Voltage and input states are as follows:
• 2.5 V – 24 V Input OFF
• 0 V - 1.5 V Input ON
Outputs 1–4: Relay Outputs
The connectors for the relay outputs are marked 1R through 4R. Each connector
contains three terminals:
• COM (common)
• NO (normally open)
• NC (normally closed)
In steady state (before the relay functions), the NO terminal is disconnected from
the common line and the NC terminal is shorted to the COM terminal.
Figure 2-7: Input/Output Terminals
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When the relay functions, the situation reverses: the NO terminal is shorted to the
COM terminal, and the NC terminal is disconnected from the COM terminal.
A maximum current of 4 amp can be switched through a relay output.
Outputs 5–8: Open Collector Outputs
Each open collector output utilizes a single terminal.
An open collector output allows you to determine the external voltage level (+ V)
required for the application.
• Maximum Voltage Supply (+ V): 24 V
• Maximum Current: 0.5 amp.
But do not drive more than a total of 1.5 amps through outputs 5–8.
Warning! Never connect an open collector output directly to a power
supply; it must be connnected to a load (such as a resistor, solenoid, relay
or motor).
However, you can connect directly to a SCORBOT input without an external power
supply and load.
See Appendix C for examples of input and output applications.
Motors 6 and 7
The D9 connectors, marked MOTOR 6 and MOTOR 7, are used to connect additional
motors for operating mechanical equipment and accessories such as conveyors and
rotary tables.
Drive Circuitry: NPN and PNP (PC 200N and PC 200P)
Figure 2-8 shows the circuitry of the power drive card.
The PNP and NPN circuits differ only in the Vcc polarity and the transistor type.
Power Supply Circuitry (PC 410)
Figure 2-9 shows the circuitry of the power supply card.
The power supply contains five different DC power supplies:
• + 15V, 4A, unregulated, supplies power to the robot motors.
• –15V, 4A, unregulated, supplies power to the robot motors.
• + 12V, 0.4A, regulated, supplies power to the I/O circuitry outputs, and to
the RS232 communications.
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• –12V, 0.4A, regulated, supplies power to the RS232 communications.
• + 5V, 1.5A, regulated, supplies power to the microprocessor, the memory
and the logic in the control circuit.
The three regulated power supplies also feed the teach pendant’s circuitry.
Warning! Never connect the ground of the motor power supply and the
ground of the other power supplies to each other.
Figure 2-8: Pow er Drive Card (PC 200) Circuitry
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Figure 2-9: Power Supply Card (PC 410) Circuitry
USER’S MANUAL SCORBOT–ERIII 2-11
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CHAPTER 3
Installation
Before proceding with the installation of SCORBOT–ER III, familiarize yourself
with the safety instructions and warnings detailed in Chapter 1.
Connecting the Equipment
Place the arm, controller and computer on an ample and sturdy work surface. (Note
that the computer/terminal is not supplied with the SCORBOT–ER III.)
Installing the Robot
To prevent the robot from toppling
over during operation, fasten the
base of the robot arm to the work
surface with at least three bolts, 120°
apart, as shown in Figure 2-1.
After you have bolted
SCORBOT–ER III to the table, you
may connect the robot to the
controller.
Robot Base ∅ 240 mm (9.49")
Pitch Circle ∅ 207 mm (8.15")
Hole (6 off) ∅ 8.5 mm (0.33")
Figure 3-1: Base Plate Layout
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Connecting the Robot to the Controller
1. Connect the D50 connector on the robot cable to the port marked ROBOT on the
rear panel of the controller (see Figure 3-2).
2. Gently insert the two screws on the connector into the threads on the controller
port. Tighten the screws just enough to keep the connector securely fastened.
3. Make sure the voltage requirement of the controller matches your power supply
voltage. Make sure the POWER switch is off. Then plug the power cable first into
the controller power port, and then into the power outlet.
Note: The power cable is a standard cable. Controllers with 220V operating
voltage have a cable with a European plug. Controllers with 110V operating voltage
have an American plug. If you need to alter the plug provided, make sure your
connections are correct. Note that the colors of the leads in the cables are in
accordance with international standards.
Connecting the Computer to the Controller
1. Make sure the power to your computer is off.
2. Set up your computer in your standard configuration.
• If you are using the computer as COM1, set the RS232 card DIP switch as
shown in Figure 3-3.
• If you are using the computer as COM2, or if you are using any other type of
computer, see Appendix B for additional instructions.
Figure 3-2: Controller Rear Panel
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3. Connect the RS232 cable
from the lower port,
marked COMPUTER,
on the rear of the
controller to the RS232
port on the computer.
4. Connect the computer
power cable to an AC
power source.
Testing the Controller Display Panel
1. Press on the POWER switch, on the rear of the controller. The power LED on the
controller front panel will light up.
2. Press on the MOTOR switch, on the controller front panel. The LED in the MOTOR
switch will light up.
3. Press the LAMP TEST switch; all the LEDs on the panel will light up.
Release the switch; all the LEDs (except POWER and MOTOR) will go off.
4. Press on the INPUT 1 switch. The LED for Input 1 will light up.
5. Press on the INPUT 2 switch. The LED for Input 2 will light up.
Testing the Motors
1. To begin the Motor Test, the robot should be in a position similar to that shown in
Figure 3-4. Initiating the test from an unsuitable position could, for example, cause
the robot to knock into the work surface and result in damage to the robot.
Bring the robot arm into a proper position by one of the following means:
• Gently force the links of the robot arm into a suitable position. To do this you
must first turn off the MOTOR and POWER switches.
• It is preferable that you use either the computer keyboard or the teach pendant
to move the robot arm. To do this, you must first connect the robot to a computer
in which SCORBASE is loaded, and follow the instructions for manual axis
movement given in Chapters 4 and 5.
Figure 3-3: RS232 Setup for Computer as COM1
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2. Once the robot is in a suitable position, turn on the POWER and the MOTOR
switches. The POWER and the MOTOR LEDs on the controller front panel will
light up.
Warning! Proceed with care! The controller is now in the MOTORS ON
state and is supplying voltage to the motors.
3. Press the button marked MOTOR TEST.
As long as you press the button, the motors will rotate briefly, one after another,
in one direction and then in the other. If a motor fails to rotate or is missing, the
test will simply skip to the next motor.
After the wrist roll movement has been executed, the controller will attempt to
activate motor 6 and motor 7. If no motors are found at these locations, the
controller will then activate motor 8 (the gripper).
The motor test continues until you release the MOTOR TEST button. Press the
MOTOR TEST button again to continue the test from the point where it was
interrupted. Press the RESET button and then MOTOR TEST to restart the test at
motor 1.
Note: The Motor Test does not prove the gripper motor is functioning perfectly,
only that the motor rotates. Use the SCORBASE Level 3 command, Set Memory
to Sensor (which utilizes the gripper’s measuring capability) to test gripper
operation.
Figure 3-4: Recommended Starting Position for Motor Test
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CHAPTER 4
Operation
SCORBASE Software
SCORBASE software lets you program and operate the SCORBOT-ER III.
The SCORBOT-ER III system is supplied with SCORBASE Levels 1, 2 and 3. Each
level offers increasingly more features and is designed to match the student’s
progress in learning to program and operate the robot. This chapter presents and
explains the first three levels of SCORBASE.
SCORBASE Level 4 is provided with the teach pendant. Level 4 enables the transfer
of programs between the teach pendant and the computer, and the listing of
programs and positions. See Chapter 5.
SCORBASE Level 5 contains almost all the features available in Levels 1, 2 and
3, as well as more advanced features.
Loading SCORBASE
To load any level of SCORBASE, do the following steps:
1. Turn on the controller power supply (always do so before loading SCORBASE).
2. Turn on the controller MOTOR switch.
3. Turn on your display screen.
Turn on your computer, and boot using your DOS diskette.
4. When the cursor prompt is displayed, insert the SCORBASE diskette and type:
GO <Enter> or, depending on the level you want to activate:
SCORBASE Level 1
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SCOR1 <Enter>
SCOR2 <Enter>
SCOR3 <Enter>
The following message will appear on your screen:
SCORBASE LEVEL # IS LOADED
The Main Menu will then appear on your screen.
SCORBASE Level 1
MAIN MENU
To select any of the options, press the number or the first letter of the function you
want to activate. For example, press 3 or P to activate the Program Handling
module. However, Exit to DOS can be activated only by pressing 9.
1 Teach Positions
This module lets you manipulate the robot and teach the robot positions.
2 Edit Program
This module lets you write and edit your robot programs.
SCORBASE Level 1
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3 Program Handling
This module lets you save programs on a disk(ette), and to load or delete them.
4 Run Program
This module lets you run a program which exists in the computer memory.
9 Exit to DOS
Press 9 to exit to DOS. SCORBASE will prompt you to confirm:
ARE YOU SURE? (Y/N)? N
If changes to the program have been made but not yet saved, the following message
will also flash on the screen:
WARNING !! CHANGES NOT SAVED
Press Y to exit to DOS. Press any other key to cancel.
SCORBASE Level 1
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TEACH POSITIONS MENU
This screen allows you to move the robot, and to teach and define positions.
The following pairs of number and letter keys are used to directly control the
movement of the servo axes. The axes will continue to move as long as the activating
key is depressed.
1/Q move base right / left
Robot base moves right and left.
2/W move shoulder up / down
Shoulder moves up and down.
3/E move elbow up / down
Elbow moves up and down.
4/R move wrist-pitch up / down
Wrist moves up and down.
5/T move wrist roll right / left
Wrist moves right and left.
SCORBASE Level 1
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6/Y move axis 6 + / –
Axis no. 6 moves forward and backward.
7/U move axis 7 + / –
Axis no. 7 moves forward and backward.
O/C Open / Close gripper
These commands open and close the gripper.
Press O to open the gripper.
Press C to close the gripper.
F/S Fast / Speed 0 movement
These commands set the speed for manual robot movement.
Press F to set the fastest speed of axis movement.
Press S, and then enter any speed from 1 (the slowest) to 9.
G Go to position . . .
This command sends the robot to a previously recorded position.
Press G to receive the prompt:
GO POSITION ...
Then enter the position number. If you enter a position number which has not been
recorded, a message will appear:
POSITION IS EMPTY
P record Position . . .
The Record Position command records the current location of the robot and
peripheral axes.
Press P to receive the prompt:
RECORD POSITION (1-100) ...
Then enter the position number you want to assign to the current location of the
robot and peripheral axes. If you simply press < Enter> , SCORBASE will
automatically enter the next sequential position number. You can record up to 100
positions.
L List/ delete positions
Press L to activate the List / Delete Positions screen.
SCORBASE Level 1
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H set present position as Home
Press H to set the current position of the axes as the new home position.
Warning! This command automatically alters the physical location of all recorded
positions. Changing the home position may therefore invalidate other recorded
positions.
< ESC> RETURN TO MAIN MENU
SCORBASE Level 1
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LIST / DELETE POSITIONS SCREEN
This screen allows you to display, delete and print the positions you have recorded.
To activate this screen, select the L option in the Teach Positions menu.
1 LIST POSITION . . .
This command displays the coordinates of the robot axes at the specified position.
Press 1 and enter the number of a position.
2 LIST FROM POSITION . . .
This command displays a listing of the coordinates of all positions, beginning with
the specified position.
If there are more positions listed than can be displayed in one screen, the system
will pause and prompt you:
PRESS <ESC> TO EXIT LISTING / ANY OTHER KEY TO CONTINUE
Press < Enter> to move the display down one line.
Press any other key to move the display down one screen.
3 DELETE POSITION . . .
This command deletes the specified position.
Note that you will be prompted to confirm whenever you give the command to
delete a position:
ARE YOU SURE(Y/N)? N
SCORBASE Level 1
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4 DELETE FROM POSITION . . . TO POSITION . . .
This command deletes all points from the first position specified through the second
position specified.
Press 4 and enter two position numbers.
5 DELETE ALL
Press 5 to delete all recorded positions from controller memory.
6 PRINT POSITION (TO PRINTER)
Press 6 to print out a listing of all recorded positions.
< ESC> RETURN TO TEACH POSITIONS MENU
SCORBASE Level 1
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EDIT PROGRAM MENU
This screen allows you to write and edit your robotic programs. SCORBASE
automatically assigns numbers to your program lines.
O/C OPEN/CLOSE GRIPPER
1 GO TO POSITION . . .
This command sends the robot to a recorded position.
Press 1 and enter the position number.
I INSERT LINE . . .
This command allows you to insert lines into a program.
Press I. At the prompt, enter the number of the line at which you want to insert
another command. Then type and enter the additional command line or lines.
Press < Enter> a second time to exit the insert mode. SCORBASE then displays
the next available program line.
When program lines are inserted, all line numbers are automatically updated.
X REPLACE LINE . . .
This command lets you replace an existing command line with another command.
Press X. At the prompt, enter the number of the command line you want to replace.
The command line is displayed and you are prompted for another command.
Pressing < Enter> without a new command leaves the original line unchanged.
SCORBASE Level 1
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L LIST / DELETE PROGRAM
Press L to activate the List / Delete Program screen.
SCORBASE Level 1
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LIST / DELETE PROGRAM SCREEN
This screen allows you to display, delete and print the programs you have written.
It is similar to the List/Delete Position screen called from the Teach Positions menu.
To activate this screen, press L from the Edit Program menu.
1 LIST LINE . . .
This command displays the specified program line.
Press 1 and enter the number of a program line.
2 LIST FROM LINE . . .
This command displays all program lines beginning with the line specified.
If there are more lines than can be displayed in one screen, the sytem will pause
and prompt you:
Press < Enter to move the display down one line.
3 DELETE LINE . . .
This command deletes the specified line from the program.
Note that whenever you give the command to delete a line or lines, SCORBASE
displays the line/s, and prompts you to confirm:
SCORBASE Level 1
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4 DELETE FROM LINE . . . TO LINE . . .
This command deletes all program lines from the first line specified through the
second line specified.
Press 4 and enter two program line numbers.
5 DELETE ALL
Press 5 to delete the entire program from the controller memory.
6 PRINT PROGRAM (TO PRINTER)
Press 6 to print out a listing of all program lines.
< ESC> RETURN TO EDIT PROGRAM MENU
SCORBASE Level 1
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PROGRAM HANDLING MENU
This screen allows you to delete programs and to transfer (load and save) programs
between the computer memory and disk(ette).
1 Save Program
This option lets you save on disk(ette) the program you have created.
Press 1 or S. At the prompt, type the name you want to assign to the program you
have created, and press < Enter> . The program is now saved on disk(ette).
When you type a program name, do not use more than 8 characters, and do not
use a number for the first character of the file name.
Do not use an extension. All programs saved by SCORBASE are automatically
assigned extensions corresponding to the level in which they were created. For
example, DEMO.L1 indicates that the program DEMO was created in SCORBASE
Level 1.
2 Load Program
This option lets you call up a program from the disk(ette) to the computer memory.
Press 2 or L, and enter the program name.
When loading a program which was created in the level in which you are operating,
you need only to type the program name.
You may have programs with similar names which were written in different levels;
for example, JACK.L1, JACK.L2 and JACK.L3. When loading a program which
was created in a level other than the one in which you are operating, indicate the
level as shown in the examples below:
2DEMO will load DEMO.L2 in another other level.
1DEMO will load DEMO.L1 in any other level.
SCORBASE Level 1
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3 Delete Program
This option allows you to deletes a program from the disk(ette).
Press 3 or D, and enter the program name.
To delete a program, you must be operating in the level in which the program was
created. For example, to delete program TOP.L3, you must be working in
SCORBASE Level 3.
Note that whenever you give the command to delete a program, SCORBASE
prompts you to confirm:
4 Catalog
Press 4 or C to display a listing of all the programs which have been saved on the
disk(ette).
< ESC> RETURN TO MAIN MENU.
SCORBASE Level 1
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RUN PROGRAM MENU
This screen lets you run the programs you have created.
1 RUN SINGLE LINE
Press 1 and press G.
One program line (the current line) is executed each time you press G.
2 RUN SINGLE CYCLE
The program is executed from the NEXT LINE command to the end of the
program.
3 RUN CONTINUOUSLY
The entire program is executed repeatedly. When it reaches the last line it
automatically jumps to the first line and cotinues.
4 JUMP TO LINE . . .
Press 4 and enter the number of a program line. Press G to begin running the
program from that line.
SCORBASE Level 1
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PRESS ’G’ TO LET ROBOT RUN
You must press G to begin or restart the running of a program.
PRESS ’B’ FOR IMMEDIATE BRAKE
Press B to apply an emergency brake at any time.
No loss of information will occur, and the following message is displayed:
PRESS C TO CONTINUE
PRESS M TO RETURN TO MENU
Press C to restart the program from the line at which it was stopped.
Press M to allow the activation of any other command. You can now go to another
menu, or continue running the program.
ANY OTHER KEY FOR REGULAR STOP
Press any key (other than B) to halt the robot as soon as it completes execution of
the current command.
SCORBASE Level 1
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SCORBASE Level 2
This section describes only the additional options offered by SCORBASE Level 2.
Refer to the section, “SCORBASE Level 1,” for descriptions of all other options.
MAIN MENU
The Main Menu now allows you to activate a module for homing the robot and
configuring and homing the peripheral equipment. Use the Home option to home
the robot at the beginning of each working session.
SCORBASE Level 2
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All commands in this screen are the same as those in Level 1 with the following
additions:
J/K turn on /off output #
These commands activate and deactivate the controller outputs.
Press J to turn on an output.
Press K to turn off an output.
At the # prompt enter a specific output number.
G/H Go to position . . . /go Home
Press G to send the robot to a previously recorded position.
Press H to send the robot to the Home position.
LIST / DELETE POSITIONS SCREEN
All commands in this screen are identical to those found in Level 1.
SCORBASE Level 2
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EDIT PROGRAM MENU
All commands in this screen are the same as those in Level 1 with the following
additions:
1 GO TO POSITION ... FAST/SPEED #
This command sends the robot to a recorded position at the specified speed.
Press 1. At the # prompt enter a position number. If you press < Enter> instead
of specifying a position, SCORBASE automatically enters the next sequential
position number.
You are then prompted for a speed. Press < Enter> or F to accept the fastest
speed. Or, press S and enter a number from 1 (slowest speed) to 9 .
2 WAIT ... SECONDS
This command halts the program execution for the specified time.
Press 2. At the prompt enter the number of seconds you want the program to delay.
3 IF INPUT #. JUMP TO ...
This command causes the program to jump to the specified line if the tested input
is on.
Press 3. At the # prompt enter the number of an input, from 1 to 8. At the next
prompt enter the number of the line to which the program will jump.
4/R TURN ON/OFF OUTPUT #.
Press 4 to turn on an output.
Press R to turn off an output.
SCORBASE Level 2
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5 JUMP TO LINE #...
This command causes the program to jump to the specified line.
Press 5. Then enter the number of the line to which the program will jump.
RUN PROGRAM MENU
All commands in this screen are identical to those found in Level 1, with the
following addition:
5/T DISPLAY ON/ OFF
Press 5 to display the program lines during program execution.
Press T to turn off the display during program execution.
SCORBASE Level 2
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HOME MENU
This screen is used for configuring and homing the robot and peripheral equipment.
Many of the commands in the Home screen are identical to those found in the
Teach Positions screen. The additional features are as follows:
PRESS ’G’ KEY TO SYNCHRONIZE THE ROBOT
The SCORBOT should be homed each time the controller is turned on.
Press G to perform the hard (fixed) home search.
During the homing procedure, each joint is moved until its microswitch is depressed
(closed). SCORBASE displays messages stating whether each of the joints has
reached its fixed home position. If a joint does not reach its home location, the
program will automatically execute the home search once more for that joint.
If the homing is not fully successful, the following message is displayed:
ROBOT IS NOT AT HOME !
When the robot has reached its hard home position, the following message is
displayed:
HOMING COMPLETED
Figure 4-1 shows the hard home position of the robot.
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Press any key to stop the homing while
the operation is in progress. Press G
again to restart the homing procedure.
P Peripheral equipment setup
The homing of axes 6 and 7 depends
upon the peripheral equipment you have
connected. Press P to define the
peripheral equipment. You are then
prompted:
AXIS 6/7
Press the number of the axis you have
connected, for example, 6. You are then
prompted:
AXIS 6 is connected to
Slidebase/Rotary-table/Conveyor/Not connected
Press S, R, C or N according to the connected equipment. The homing procedure
for the peripheral equipment is as follows:
Slidebase: The slidebase is moved to one side until it cannot move
any further.
Rotary-table: Search for a microswitch is performed.
Conveyor: No search is performed.
Not connected: No search is performed.
This is the same command as in the Teach Positions menu in SCORBASE Level 1.
Press H to set the current position as the new home position.
positions.
Figure 4-1: Hard Home Position
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SCORBASE Level 3
SCORBASE Level 3 offers all programming and operating options available in
SCORBASE Levels 1 and 2 and many additional features. This section describes
all the options available in SCORBASE Level 3, including those found in preceding
levels.
MAIN MENU
Once SCORBASE Level 3 has been loaded, the Main Menu screen is displayed.
To select an option, press either the number or the first letter of the function you
want to activate. For example, press either 1 or T to activate the Teach Positions
menu. Exit to DOS can only be activated by pressing 9.
1 Teach positions
This module allows you to control the robot movements directly and teach the robot
positions. Note that movement instructions and the recording of positions are
performed in the PC RAM.
2 Edit program
This module lets you write and edit your robot programs. The programs are created
by SCORBASE and maintained in the PC RAM.
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3 Program handling
This module lets you to save and load programs to and from disk(ette) and to delete
them.
4 Run program
This module lets you run a program which exists in the computer memory.
5 Home
This module enables you to home the robot, and configure and home the peripheral
equipment. Since the SCORBOT should be homed each time the controller is turned
on, begin each working session by first activating the Home screen and performing
the necessary operations.
Note that at the bottom of the Main Menu screen you may see the message:
ROBOT IS NOT SYNCHRONIZED, PLEASE SELECT ’HOME’ MENU.
This message is displayed until the robot is successfully homed.
9 exit to dos
Press 9 to exit to DOS. SCORBASE will prompt you to confirm:
ARE YOU SURE (Y/N)? N
If changes to the program have been made but not yet saved to disk(ette), the
following message will also flash on the screen:
WARNING !! CHANGES NOT SAVED
To exit to DOS, press Y. Pres any other key to cancel.
OPERATING KEYS
Throughout SCORBASE, the following keys are used to activate screens and enter
commands and options.
< PgUp>
or < Esc>
Recalls the screen previously displayed.
< Esc> Cancels a command line which has been activated.
< Enter> Accepts commands, options and field entries.
< Backspace> Erases field entries which have been typed, but not yet accepted.
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This screen allows you to move the robot, and to teach and define the positions.
The following pairs of number and letter keys are used to directly control the
movement of the servo axes. The axes will continue to move as long as the activating
key is depressed.
1/Q move base right / left
Robot base moves right and left.
2/W move shoulder up / down
Shoulder moves up and down.
3/E move elbow up / down
Elbow moves up and down.
4/R move wrist-pitch up / down
Wrist moves up and down.
5/T move wrist-roll right / left
Wrist rolls right and left.
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USER’S MANUAL SCORBOT–ERIII 4-25
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6/Y move axis 6 + / -
Axis no. 6 moves forward and backwards.
7/U move axis 7 + / -
Axis no. 7 moves forward and backwards.
O/C Open / Close gripper
F/S Fast / Speed 0 movement
These commands set the speed for manual robot movement.
Press F to set the fastest speed (10). This is the default speed.
Press S, and then enter any speed from 1 (the slowest) to 9 .
J/K turn on /off Output #.
Press J to turn on an output.
Press K to turn off an output.
P/V record Position . . . /relative position
The Record Position command records the current joints position of both the robot
axes and the peripheral axes.
Press P. At the prompt enter the position number you want to assign to the current
location of the axes. If you simply press < Enter> , SCORBASE will automatically
enter the next sequential position number. Up to 100 positions can be recorded.
The Record Relative Position command records the current position of the robot
arm and peripheral axes relative to another (absolute) position. Make sure you have
first recorded the reference position.
Press V. The format for recording a relative position is:
RECORD POSITION (1-100) ... RELATIVE TO ...
At the Record Position and Relative To prompts, type in valid position numbers
and press < Enter> .
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If you simply press < Enter> without specifying a number for the reference
position, the position you record will be relative to the current position of the axis.
For example:
RECORD POSITION (1-100) 12 RELATIVE TO CURRENT
If your position is relative to current, you are prompted to define values for the
relative movement of each axis. The format is as follows:
RECORD POSITION (1-100) ... RELATIVE TO CURRENT
AXIS 1 = 0 .....
AXIS 2 = 0 .....
AXIS 3 = 0 .....
AXIS 4 = 0 .....
AXIS 5 = 0 .....
AXIS 6 = 0 .....
AXIS 7 = 0 .....
Pressing < Enter> without specifying a value for a particular axis accepts the
offset default value, which in all the instances above is 0. Be sure to enter a value
of 0 for axes 6 and/or 7 if peripheral equipment is not connected to these axes.
A position which is relative to current means the specified offset will be computed
from wherever the robot is located at the time it is sent to the relative position.
If the reference position changes, the relative position also moves.
L List / delete positions
Press L to active the List/Delete Positions screen.
X/Z teach position/relative by XYZ coordinates
The Teach Position (XYZ) command enables you to teach (record) a position
according to its Cartesian (XYZ) coordinates.
To define a position in Cartesian coordinates, you specify the distance (in
millimeters) of the robot’s gripper tip from the point of origin (the bottom center
of the robot’s base) along three linear axes. To complete the definition, you must
also specify the pitch and roll of the gripper (in degrees).
You are prompted to complete the command as follows:
CURRENT POSITION TEACH POSITION (x,y,z)
X(MM) =163.42 .......
Y(MM) =0.00 .......
Z(MM) =499.07 .......
PITCH (DEG)=-64.52 .......
ROLL (DEG) =0.00 .......
RECORD POSITION (1-100) ...
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Pressing < Enter> for a coordinate accepts the default value. The default is always
the current value of the coordinate, as displayed. For example:
X (mm) =163.42 .......
You may now enter a new X coordinate, or press < Enter> to accept the default,
which is 163.42.
The Teach Relative Position (XYZ) command allows you to teach a position which
is relative to another position by an XYZ offset.
You are prompted to complete the command as follows:
TEACH RELATIVE POSITION (x,y,z)
X(MM) =0.00 .......
Y(MM) =0.00 .......
Z(MM) =0.00 .......
PITCH(DEG)=0.00 .......
ROLL(DEG) =0.00 .......
RECORD POSITION (1-100) ... RELATIVE TO ...
Pressing < Enter> for a coordinate accepts the offset default value, which in all
the instances above is 0.00
Pressing < Enter> without specifying a reference position creates a position which
is relative to the current position.
A position which is relative to current means the specified offset will be computed
from wherever the robot is located at the time it is sent to the relative position.
COORDINATES DISPLAY
The coordinates display at the bottom of the Teach Positions menu shows the current
location of the robot arm in Cartesian coordinates.
To display the axes’ location in robot joints coordinates, activate the List / Delete
Position screen, and use the R (Robot) command.
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LIST / DELETE POSITION SCREEN
This screen lets you display, delete and print the positions you have recorded. To
activate this screen, select the L option in the Teach Positions menu.
Note that the listing operations require extensive communication with the controller
and may result in a delay in response time.
1 LIST POSITION . . .
This comand displays the coordinates of the specified position using the currently
active coordinate display system.
2 LIST FROM POSITION . ..
This command displays a list of the recorded positions, starting from the specified
position, using the currently active coordinate display system.
If there are more positions listed than can be displayed in one screen, the system
will pause and prompt you:
PRESS <ESC> TO EXIT LISING / ANY OTHER KEY TO CONTINUE
3 DELETE POSITION . . .
This command deletes the position specified.
Note that you will be prompted to confirm whenever you give the command to
delete a position:
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4 DELETE FROM POSITION . . . TO POSITION . . .
This command deletes all points from the first position specified through the second
position specified.
Press 4 and enter two position numbers.
5 DELETE ALL
Press 5 to delete all recorded positions from controller memory.
6 PRINT POSITION (TO PRINTER)
Press 6 to print out a listing of all recorded positions.
The positions will be printed using the currently active coordinate display system.
R/X ROBOT /XYZ COORDINATES
SCORBASE Level 3 supports work and can display positions in two different
coordinate systems: Robot joints and Cartesian (XYZ). This command determines
the system used to display and print positions.
Press R to display the position coordinates in terms of encoder pulses of the robot
joints.
Press X to display the position of the robot axes in Cartesian, or XYZ, coordinates.
Movement of the robot axes is in millimeters, and movement of the gripper is in
degrees.
Note that the location of the peripheral axes (6 and 7) is always stated in encoder
pulses.
< ESC> RETURN TO TEACH POSITIONS MENU
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EDIT PROGRAM MENU
This screen allows you to write and edit your robotic programs.
To create a program line type the character which activates the command.
SCORBASE automatically assigns numbers to your program lines.
When you are prompted to enter a value or an option, you may also press < Enter>
to accept the default setting as your choice.
O/C OPEN /CLOSE GRIPPER
1 GO TO POSITION . . . FAST/SPEED #
This command sends the robot to a recorded position at the specified speed.
Press 1. At the Go Position prompt, enter a position number. If you press < Enter>
instead of specifying a position, SCORBASE automatically enters the next
sequential position number.
You are then prompted for a speed. Press < Enter> or F to enter the fastest speed.
If you press S, you must also enter a number, from 1 (slowest) through 9, for the
speed value.
2 WAIT . . . SECONDS
This command halts program execution for the specified time.
Press 2. At the Wait prompt, type a number and press < Enter> .
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USER’S MANUAL SCORBOT-ER III 4-31
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3 IF INPUT #. JUMP TO . . .
This command causes the program to jump to the specified line if the tested input
is on.
Press 3. At the Input # prompt type a number from 1 through 8.
At the Jump prompt enter the line number to jump to.
4/R TURN ON/OFF OUTPUT #.
Press 4 to turn on an output.
Press R to turn off an output.
At the # prompt enter the number of the output.
5 JUMP TO LINE #. . .
This command causes the program to jump to the specified line.
Press 5. At the # prompt enter the line number to jump to.
6 SET COUNTER #. . . TO . . .
Together with the other counter commands, this command is used to produce loops
in the program. The Set Counter command sets the value of a counter.
Press 6. At the # prompt enter the number of the counter. You can set up to 64
counters.
At the next prompt, enter a value, from 1 through 9999. This value equals the
maximum number of times a program loop can be executed.
7 DECREMENT COUNTER # . . .
This command decreases the value of a counter by 1.
Press 7. At the # prompt enter the number of a counter.
8 IF COUNTER #. . > 0 JUMP TO . . .
This command produces a conditional jump. It is used to determine if the value of
a counter has decreased to 0.
Press 8. At the # prompt enter the number of the counter. At the Jump prompt
enter the number of the line to jump to if the counter value is greater than 0.
At run time, if the counter value is greater than 0, the jump will occur. If the counter
value is 0, the program will continue at the following line.
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9/0/P SET / RETURN / CALL SUBROUTINE #. .
The Set Subroutine command marks the beginning of the specified subroutine. You
can program up to 64 subroutines.
Press 9. At the # prompt, enter any number from 1 through 64.
During normal program flow, the program will skip over (without executing) the
lines containing a subroutine definition. The only way to execute a subroutine is
to use the Call Subroutine command.
The Return from Subroutine command marks the end of a subroutine. At run-time
it terminates the execution of the subroutine, and the program resumes execution
at the line which follows the Call Subroutine command.
Press 0 (zero) to create this comand line.
The Call Subroutine command activates (calls) the specified subroutine.
Press P. At the # prompt, enter any number from 1 though 64.
M SET MEMORY #. . TO . . .
This command allows you to enter an arbitrary value and store it in one of 64
memory cells.
Press M. At the # prompt, enter a number from 1 through 64. At the next prompt
enter a value (± 32767).
This command is most valuable for storing the size (in millimeters) of an object.
N SET MEMORY# . . TO SENSOR
This command allows you to measure the spread of the gripper fingers in order to
record the size of an object being grasped by the gripper. At run-time SCORBASE
translates this measurement into millimeters, and stores the result in a specified
memory cell.
Press N. At the # prompt, enter a number from 1 through 64.
At run time, whenever this command is encountered, the measured value is
displayed (in millimeters). For example:
SENSOR VALUE IS 45
V IF MEMORY #. . < = > MEMORY #. . JUMP . . .
This command is a conditional jump command. It allows you to compare the values
of two memory cells, and to use that comparison to make a real-time decision
regarding the continued course of action.
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Press V. At the # prompt, enter a (recorded) memory number.
Then enter a comparison operator, and enter the number of another (recorded)
memory. The comparison operations can be as follows:
= equal to
< smaller than
> greater than
< = smaller than or equal to
> = greater than or equal to
< > not equal
At the Jump prompt, type the line number to jump to if the result of the comparison
is true.
D/Y REMARK : /PRINT
The Remark command lets you insert a comment line into the program for
explanation and documentation. Type in any text of up to 48 characters.
The Print command prints text on the screen at run time. A maximum of 48
characters can be printed in one command line.
A ON MOTOR #. ERROR, JUMP TO . . . C/S/O
This command allows you to receive information about motor errors and to respond
with a jump to another command line.
At the prompt, enter a number from 1 through 8. Or press < Enter> to accept
any motor error. (Note that the command line will show Motor ALL Error.)
At the Jump prompt, enter a line number. If you simply press < Enter> without
specifying a line number, the following will be displayed:
ON MOTOR 1 ERROR JUMP TO NEXT Continuously/Single/Off
This defines a jump to the next line of the program. Should a motor error occur
on the specified motor during its execution of any movement, the movement will
be aborted. The program will jump to the next line and continue running.
You now have the following options:
• Press C. For example:
ON MOTOR 1 ERROR JUMP TO 24 CONT.
Any motor error on axis 1 which occurs subsequent to this command causes
the program to jump to line 24. This jump occurs in the form of an interrupt.
• Press S. For example:
ON MOTOR 1 ERROR JUMP TO 37 SING.
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Only the first occurence of a motor error on axis 1 subsequent to this command
causes a jump to line 24. The second occurrence will cause the program to halt
and display a motor error message.
• Press O. For example:
ON MOTOR 1 ERROR JUMP TO 24 OFF
This command cancels the effect of any preceding motor error instructions in
the program relating to motor 1.
S SET AXIS #. TO ZERO
This command resets the position of the axis specified by setting its value to 0.
This command is very useful for performing a cyclical motion of an accessory,
such as a conveyor or a rotary table.
Press S. At the # prompt, enter the number of an axis.
This command can also be entered by pressing < Ctrl> + O.
ADDITIONAL EDITING COMMANDS
< Ctrl> + J SET PRESENT POSITION AS HOME
When executed at run time, this command sets the current position of the axes to
0, thereby creating a new home position of the robot.
positions.
< Ctrl> + L IF LIMIT SWITCH # ON JUMP TO . . .
This command causes the program to jump to the specified line if the specified
limit switch is depressed (on).
Press < Ctrl> + L. At the Limit Switch prompt, enter a number from 1 through
7 (1 to 5 are on the robot; 6 and 7 are on the peripherals). At the Jump prompt,
enter the line number to jump to.
< Ctrl> + K MESSAGE # . .
This command is used to display any one of 19 pre-recorded messages during
program execution.
Press < Ctrl> + K. At the prompt, enter the number of the message you want
displayed. Your options are as follows:
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1 BASE IS AT HOME
2 SHOULDER IS AT HOME
3 ELBOW IS AT HOME
4 WRIST PITCH IS AT HOME
5 WRIST ROLL IS AT HOME
6 AXIS 6 IS AT HOME
7 AXIS 7 IS AT HOME
8 GRIPPER IS AT HOME
9 ROBOT STARTS PROGRAM
10 ROBOT FINISHES PROGRAM
11 BASE IS NOT AT HOME
12 SHOULDER IS NOT AT HOME
13 ELBOW IS NOT AT HOME
14 WRIST PITCH IS NOT AT HOME
15 WRIST ROLL IS NOT AT HOME
16 AXIS 6 IS NOT AT HOME
17 AXIS 7 IS NOT AT HOME
18 GRIPPER IS NOT AT HOME
19 ROBOT IS RESTING
Messages 11 through 18 include a code for sounding a beep.
To display any other message at run time, use the Remark command.
EDITING FUNCTIONS
I INSERT LINE . . .
This command allows you to insert lines into a program.
Press I. At the prompt, enter the number of the line at which you wish to insert
another command. Then type and enter the additional command line or lines.
Press < Enter> a second time to exit the insert mode. SCORBASE then displays
the next available program line.
When program lines are inserted, all line numbers and previously entered Jump
commands are automatically updated.
X REPLACE LINE . . .
This command allows you to replace an existing command line with another
command.
Press X. At the prompt, enter the number of the command line you want to replace.
The command line specified is displayed and you are prompted for the new
command. Pressing < Enter> without a new command leaves the original line
unchanged.
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L LIST /DELETE
Press L to activate the List/Delete screen.
This screen allows you to display, delete and print the programs you have written.
It is similar to the List/Delete Position screen called from the Teach Positions
screen. To activate this screen, press L from the Edit Program screen.
1 LIST LINE . ..
This command displays the specified program line.
2 LIST FROM LINE . . .
This command displays all program lines beginning with the line specified.
If there are more lines than can be displayed in one screen, the system will pause
and prompt you:
3 DELETE LINE . . .
This command deletes the specified line from the program.
Note that whenever you give the command to delete a line or lines, SCORBASE
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displays the line/s, and prompts you to confirm:
ARE YOU SURE (Y/N)? N
Press Y to delete. Press any other key to cancel.
4 DELETE FROM LINE . . . TO LINE . . .
This command deletes all program lines from the first line specified through the
second line specified.
Press 4 and enter two program line numbers.
5 DELETE ALL
Press 5 to delete the entire program from the controller memory.
6 PRINT PROGRAM (TO PRINTER)
Press 6 to print out a listing of all program lines.
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This screen allows you to delete programs and to transfer (load and save) programs
between the computer memory and disk(ette).
1 Save Program
This option lets you save on disk(ette) the program you have created.
Press 1 or S. At the prompt, type the name you want to assign to the program, and
press < Enter> . The program is now saved on disk(ette).
When you type a program name, do not use more than 8 characters, and do not
use a number for the first character of the file name.
Do not use an extension. All programs saved by SCORBASE are automatically
assigned extensions corresponding to the level in which they were created. For
example, PICKUP.L3 indicates that the program PICKUP.L3 was created in
SCORBASE Level 3.
2 Load Program
This option lets you call up a program from the disk(ette) to the computer memory.
Press 2 or L, and enter the program name.
When loading a program which was created in the level in which you are operating,
you need only to type the program name.
You may have programs with similar names which were written in different levels;
for example, JACK.L1, JACK.L2 and JACK.L3. When loading a program which
was created in a SCORBASE level other than Level 3, indicate the level as shown
in the examples below:
2DEMO will load DEMO.L2.
1DEMO will load DEMO.L1.
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3 Delete Program
This option allows you to delete a program from the disk(ette).
Press 3 or D, and enter the program name.
To delete a program, you must be operating in the level in which the program was
created. For example, to delete program KEYS.L3, you must be working in
SCORBASE Level 3.
Note that whenever you give the command to delete a program, SCORBASE
prompts you to confirm:
4 Catalog
Press 4 or C to display a listing of all the programs which have been saved on the
disk(ette).
Press 4 or C.
< ESC> RETURN TO MAIN MENU.
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RUN PROGRAM MENU
This screen lets you run the programs you have created.
1. RUN SINGLE LINE
Press 1, and press G.
One program line (the current line) is executed each time you press G.
2 RUN SINGLE CYCLE
The program is executed from the NEXT LINE command to the end of the program.
3 RUN CONTINUOUSLY
The entire program is executed repeatedly. When it reaches the last line it
automatically jumps to the first line and continues.
4 JUMP TO LINE . . .
Press 4, and enter the number of a program line.
The pointer goes to the specified line. Press G to start the program from that line.
5/T DISPLAY ON/ OFF
Press 5 to display program lines during program execution. (This is the default mode).
Press T to turn off the display during program execution.
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6/Y ON / OFF LINE
This option lets you choose between running your programs off-line or on-line.
Press 6 to run programs on-line. When a program runs on-line, the robot,
peripherals and I/Os execute all program commands. (This is the default mode).
Press Y to run programs off-line. When a program runs off-line, all commands
for executing actions are suppressed. The robot arm is not moved and the outputs
are not switched. The robot can even be disconnected when this mode is active.
When a program runs off-line, it will halt at the commands which test the state of
the inputs or limit switches, and will prompt you for a simulated status.
Example:
When the program reaches this line:
IF INPUT #1 ON JUMP TO LINE 25
It will stop and prompt:
IS INPUT #1 ON (Y/N)?
You can thus simulate the actual execution of the program.
Note that the off-line option in this screen can also be used when SCORBASE is
connected to a controller and is in the on-line mode.
PRESS ’G’ TO LET ROBOT RUN
You must press G to begin or restart the running of a program.
PRESS ’B’ FOR IMMEDIATE BRAKE
Press B to apply an emergency brake at any time.
No loss of information will occur, and the following message is displayed:
PRESS C TO CONTINUE
PRESS M TO RETURN O MENU
Press C to resume program execution from the line at which it was stopped.
Press M to allow the activation of any other command. You can now go to another
menu, or continue running the program.
ANY OTHER KEY FOR REGULAR STOP
Press any key (other than B) to halt the robot as son as it completes execution of
the current command.
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HOME MENU
This screen is used for configuring and homing the robot and peripheral equipment.
Many of the commands in the Home screen are identical to those found in the
Teach Positions screen. The additional features are as follows:
G PRESS ’G’ KEY TO SYNCHRONIZE THE ROBOT
The SCORBOT should be homed each time the controller is turned on.
Press G to perform the hard (fixed) home search.
During the homing procedure, each joint is moved until its microswitch is depressed
(closed). SCORBASE displays messages stating whether each of the joints has
reached its fixed home position. If a joint does not reach its home location, the
program will automatically execute the home search once more for that joint.
If the homing is not fully successful, the following message is displayed:
ROBOT IS NOT AT HOME !
When the robot reaches its home position, the following message is displayed:
HOMING COMPLETED
Press any key to stop the homing while the operation is in progress. Press G again
to restart the homing procedure.
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A Arm calibration
The calibration procedure for the robot arm should be performed before using
SCORBASE for the first time, and after prolonged use of the robot. During
calibration SCORBASE moves the axes at each of the ten speeds, measures the
exact rate of movement, and calculates the true speed ratios between axes.
Press A to perform the calibration.
The robot first searches for its hard home, and then begins the calibration process.
The procedure can take up to 10 minutes.
The calibration data is stored in the ZERO file on your disk(ette). When you copy
SCORBASE to another diskette, be sure to copy the ZERO file as well.
P Peripheral Equipment Setup
The homing of axes 6 and 7 depends upon the peripheral equipment which is
connected.
Press P to define the peripheral equipment. You are then prompted:
AXIS 6/7
Type the number of the axis/motor you want to define. The system now displays:
AXIS 7 IS CONNECTED TO
Slidebase/Rotary-table/Conveyor/Not connected
Press S, R, C or N according to the connected equipment. The homing procedure
for the peripheral equipment is as follows:
Slidebase: The slidebase is moved to one side until it cannot move
any further.
Rotary-table: Search for microswitch is performed.
Conveyor: No search is performed
Not connected: No search is performed.
This setup is recorded in the ZERO file and placed on your disk(ette). The next
time you load SCORBASE the correct peripheral setup will automatically be
configured. You do not need to repeat the setup operation unless you actually alter
a peripheral or its axis connection.
Z/D set gripper to Zero / Define gripper sensor not installed
The Z command sets the value of the gripper to zero, which allows more accurate
measurements when using the Set Memory to Sensor command. This gripper setup
is also recorded in the ZERO file and placed on your disk(ette).
A sensor mounted within the gripper can be used to control the amount of force
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exerted by the gripper when executing a Close Gripper (CG) command. The sensor
is connected to the SCORBOT controller through one of the 8 input ports. When
the force reaches a predefined threshold, the sensor sends an ON signal to the
input.
The D command allows you to define which input port is used for the sensor
connection.
Press D. You are then prompted:
IS GRIPPER SENSOR CONNECTED (Y/N)? Y
Press Y or < Enter> to connect a gripper sensor. Otherwise, press N.
If a gripper sensor is connected, the following prompt is then displayed:
GRIPPER SENSOR CONNECTED TO INPUT (1 - 8) ..
Enter the number of the input port. Your response (input 3, for example) is then
reflected in the menu line:
Define gripper sensor input 3
During the execution of Close Gripper commands, this input will be checked.
If you want to start the robot from a position other than its fixed home, move the
robot to the desired position
Press H to set the current position of the axes as the new home position.
positions.
At the Change Values for XYZ (Y/N) prompt, you can insert new Cartesian values
for the new home position. You can also change the following:
BASE HEIGHT(MM)= .....
Used when the robot base is not at table level.
TOOL LENGTH(MM) .....
Used when you want to program XYZ positions for the
tip of a tool connected to the gripper.
< Esc> RETURN TO MAIN MENU
SCORBASE Level 3
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Command Line Options
When loading any level of SCORBASE, you can enter several command line
options. The complete syntax for loading this software is:
SCOR# [ /L /P /T /C /O ] [progname /R /S ] [ /H ]
Where # is the number of the level. The options within brackets [ ] are strictly
optional and can be omitted. During normal operation the default values are used.
Once you have entered an option, it overrides the default options.
Size Options
/L Defines the maximum number of available program lines.
Default : 400
Maximum : 10000 (or memory limit)
/P Defines the maximum number of positions.
Default : 100
/T Defines the maximum number of text lines (PRINT and REMARK statements)
available when writing a program.
Default : 50
Example:
SCOR3 /L2000 /P400 <Enter>
This command loads SCORBASE Level 3 and allow the use of up to 2000 lines
and 400 positions.
Note that when you execute partial load and save operations, SCORBASE creates a
temporary copy of the program. If you have defined a setup which uses a very
large number of lines, you may be unable to execute these partial operations due
to memory size limitations.
Device Options
C Defines the RS-232 port used for communication with the robot controller.
/C1 : COM1
/C2 : COM2
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/O Defines the parallel printer port to be used when printing.
/01 : PRN1
/02 : PRN2
/03 : PRN3
Example:
SCOR3 /C2
SCORBASE Level 3 will be loaded with the robot communications on COM2.
Automatic Run Options
progname If you specify a program name, this program will automatically be loaded. Note
that only the program lines are loaded. The position table should already exist in
the controller.
/R If you add this option, the program will automatically start running as soon as it
is loaded. When execution of the program is completed, SCORBASE will return
control to the DOS operating system.
Example:
SCOR3 TEST /R
The SCORBASE Level 3 program named TEST will automatically be load and
executed. When execution of TEST is completed, SCORBASE will return control
to the DOS operating system.
/S If you include this option together with a position number, the robot will
automatically be sent to the position specified, and not to Home, when SCORBASE
is loaded.
Example:
SCOR3 /S20
/H Instructs the system to run the HOME program before activating the Main Menu.
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Programs on the SCORBASE Diskettes
HOME# Program
The HOME# program is included in SCORBASE Level 2 and Level 3, and is
necessary for operation of the robot and for finding the home position. Do not
delete this program.
DEMO Program
The DEMO program is included in SCORBASE Level 3. This program contains
two subroutines, in loops which do not coincide.
In the first subroutine (lines 1 through 40) the robot measures two blocks and places
the narrower one squarely on top of the wider one.
The blocks must be 25 mm in height. If the robot does not find the block (as a
result of a measurement of less than 5 mm) the robot will open the gripper, raise
and lower the arm, and reattempt to find the block.
To determine the placement of the blocks, run the DEMO program without the
blocks and mark the points reached by the gripper on the work surface. If the table
surface is too low for the robot to reach the blacks, raise the blocks by putting them
on a higher surface (on top of a book, for example).
If INPUT 1 switch is on, program execution will stay at line 2; this allows you to
rearrange the blocks, for example. Once you have arranged the blocks, turn the
INPUT switch off and then on again.
If the switch remains off, the program will run continuously, without halting
between the loops.
The second subroutine (lines 41-51) demonstrates the movement of the robot arm
at various speeds.
The DEMO program is listed below. It is followed by position tables in joint
coordinates and XYZ coordinates.
Note: A set of remarks appears in the first lines of the DEMO programs. The
actual program line numbers are therefore different.
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1 OPEN GRIPPER
2 IF INPUT #1 ON JUMP TO 2
3 SET MEMORY #3 TO 5
4 GO POSITION 2 *FAST
5 GO POSITION 1 SPEED #2
6 WAIT 1 SECONDS
7 CLOSE GRIPPER
8 SET MEMORY #1 TO SENSOR
9 OPEN GRIPPER
10 IF MEMORY#3 > MEMORY#1 JUMP 4
14 WAIT 1 SECONDS
15 CLOSE GRIPPER
16 SET MEMORY #2 TO SENSOR
17 IF MEMORY #2 > MEMORY #3 JUMP 20
18 OPEN GRIPPER
19 JUMP TO LINE # 12
20 IF MEMORY #2 > MEMORY #1 JUMP 28
24 WAIT 1 SECONDS
25 OPEN GRIPPER
27 JUMP TO LINE # 2
28 OPEN GRIPPER
32 WAIT 1 SECONDS
33 CLOSE GRIPPER
37 WAIT 1 SECONDS
38 OPEN GRIPPER
40 JUMP TO LINE # 2
48 OPEN GRIPPER
49 CLOSE GRIPPER
51 JUMP TO LINE # 41
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POSITION TABLES
Joint Coordinates
# AX-1 AX-2 AX-3 AX-4 AX-5 AX-6 AX-7
|===|=======|=======|=======|=======|=======|====|====|
1 0 956 -871 -59 0 0 0
2 0 602 -705 -59 0 0 0
3 225 602 -705 -59 0 0 0
4 224 955 -873 -59 0 0 0
5 0 901 -862 -59 0 0 0
6 224 901 -863 -59 0 0 0
7 0 219 498 306 0 0 0
8 -962 271 -242 -51 0 0 0
9 -962 571 -570 128 0 0 0
10 177 782 -965 -51 0 0 0
11 1135 239 509 308 0 0 0
12 1135 59 1559 698 0 0 0
13 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
ROBOT PRESENT POSITION IS:
177 782 -965 -51 0 0 0
XYZ Coordinates
# X Y Z PITCH ROLL AX-6 AX-7
|===|=======|=======|=======|=======|=======|====|====|
1 277.63 0.00 19.28 -92.72 0.00 0 0
2 269.40 0.00 184.87 -92.72 0.00 0 0
3 251.27 97.17 184.87 -92.72 0.00 0 0
4 258.21 99.37 19.52 -92.72 0.00 0 0
5 276.44 0.00 44.60 -92.72 0.00 0 0
6 257.59 99.13 44.49 -92.72 0.00 0 0
7 39.92 0.00 925.32 81.73 0.00 0 0
8 -1.69 -242.70 410.23 -88.89 0.00 0 0
9 -3.17 -454.22 367.58 -3.35 0.00 0 0
10 210.41 62.86 87.75 -88.89 0.00 0 0
11 -11.93 39.88 926.76 82.68 0.00 0 0
12 77.57 -259.27 297.38 269.07 0.00 0 0
13 163.42 0.00 499.07 -64.52 0.00 0 0
ROBOT PRESENT POSITION IS:
210.41 62.86 87.75 -88.89 0.00 0 0
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CHAPTER 5
The Teach Pendant
The teach pendant, or control box, is a hand-held controller which allows you to
operate and program the robot. The teach pendant is best used for teaching the
robot positions and writing short programs. For writing longer and more complex
programs, it is easier to use SCORBASE (Level 3 or 5) after you have recorded
the required positions with the teach pendant and SCORBASE Level 4.
The SCORBOT-ER III teach
pendant allows a number of
programming and operating
functions. You can use the teach
pendant to:
• Teach up to 100 positions.
• Write programs of up to 250
lines. The teach pendant uses
all the commands contained in
SCORBASE Level 2 and the
gripper sensor commands
from SCORBASE Level 3.
• Transfer programs between
the teach pendant and the
computer. Programs written
on the teach pendant can then
be saved to disk(ette).
Programs on the computer can
be loaded into the teach
pendant for execution or editing.
• Run programs one line at a time; run complete programs; run programs starting
from any line. Run a DEMO program. Use an emergency brake.
• Search for the HOME position.
Figure 5-1: Teach Pendant
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Connecting the Teach Pendant to the Controller
The teach pendant requires no battery, and has no ON/OFF switch. It is connected
to the controller by a RS232 cable and connector, and turns on automatically when
the controller power and motor switches are turned on.
Two RS232 serial communication connectors are located on the controller rear
panel. The lower connector connects the computer to the controller. The upper
connector connects the teach pendant to the controller.
The controller can transmit through only one RS232 connector at a time. Normally
the controller transmits to the lower (computer) connector. However, when you
connect the teach pendant to the robot controller, transmission is automatically
routed to the upper (teach pendant) RS232 connector.
Warning! Do not connect the computer and the teach pendant to the
controller at the same time unless SCORBASE Level 4 has been loaded
into the computer. Loading SCORBASE Level 1, 2 or 3 may interfere
with teach pendant functions and cause communication error messages
to be displayed while the robot is in motion.
(SCORBASE Level 4 is not active software; that is, it does not cause robot motion.
It simply enables the transfer of programs between the teach pendant and the
computer, and the listing of programs and positions. These functions are discussed
later in this chapter.)
To return transmission to the lower RS232 connector, press the RESET key on the
controller. To return transmission to the teach pendant, press the Reset key on the
teach pendant, and answer No to the prompt: ARE YOU SURE? (If you answer
Yes, communication will be directed to the teach pendant, but its memory will be
erased by the reset operation.
If the teach pendant displays a communication error message and/or an axis moves
improperly when activated from the teach pendant, you may have accidently pressed
the controller RESET button. To restore communication to the teach pendant, follow
the steps described above.
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Teach Pendant Functions
The teach pendant has a 2-line, 32-character liquid crystal display (LCD) panel,
and a flat keyboard with 30 keys in 6 rows.
The three main keys on the teach pendant are the mode keys at the top left of the
keyboard: Teach (blue), Edit (yellow), and Mode (green). Most of the other keys
are divided into blue, yellow and/or green areas which represent the functions they
activate after the the mode key of the same color has been pressed.
You should hear a short beep each time you press a key. If you do not hear a beep,
the key was not pressed properly and its function has not been activated. You need
not press heavily on the keys. Simply press on the center of the key, where you
can feel a slight depression.
When functions require the entry of numbers, type them using the keys numbered
1 – 0. To correct a mistakenly typed number (before you press Return), press the
Left Arrow ( ⇐) backspace key.
Figure 5-2: Teach Pendant – Keypad Layout
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When you switch on the controller to which the teach pendant is connected, several
messages appear on the display panel:
WELCOME
ESHED ROBOTEC
NO. OF LINES 250
NO. OF POS. 100
TEACH POSITIONS
T
TEACH Key (TEACH MODE)
The Teach mode allows you to move the robot and teach positions.
The Teach mode commands are identical to the commands in the Teach Positions
Menu in SCORBASE Level 3.
The Teach mode is automatically activated when you turn on the controller (to
which the teach pendant is connected). To activate the Teach mode when another
mode is active, press the Teach key. If a sub-menu of a different mode is active,
you may have to press the Teach key more than once.
When you press the blue Teach key, the display panel shows:
TEACH POSITIONS
T
The letter T flashes until you select a Teach function or another mode.
The functions available in the Teach mode are as follows:
Base, Shoulder, Elbow, Pitch, Roll.
These keys move the joints of the robot.
Each joint has two keys. The direction of joint motion is shown by the arrow on
each key. The joint will move as long as you press the key.
Axis 6, Axis 7.
These keys move the peripheral axes.
Each axis has two keys. The direction of axis motion is shown by the arrow on
each key. The axis will move as long as you press the key.
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Open, Close.
These keys open and close the robot gripper.
Press the Open Gripper key. The gripper will open to its widest opening.
Press the Close Gripper key. The gripper will close to its smallest opening.
Fast
This key causes the robot to move at its maximum speed.
Once you have pressed Fast, each pressing of an axis movement key will move the
corresponding axis at a rate of 30 encoder pulses.
Slow
This key allows you to set a slower speed for axis movement. At the SPEED prompt,
press a number, from 1 (slowest) to 9, and press Return.
Note: If the robot continues to move slowly after you have pressed the Fast key,
select a slow speed, and then attempt to return to a fast speed.
Output On
This key turns on the controller outputs.
At the TURN ON OUPUT prompt, enter a number of a specific output, from 1
through 8, and press Return.
Output Off
This key turns off the controller outputs.
At the TURN OFF OUTPUT prompt, type a number of a specific output, from 1
though 8, and press Return.
Record
This key lets you teach (record) the present robot location.
After you have moved the robot to the desired location, press Record. Type the
number for the position (from 1 through 100), and press Return. Pressing Return
without typing in a position number will record the next available postion number.
Entering 0 or a number greater than 100 will cancel the command, and an error
message will be displayed: VALUE OUT OF RANGE.
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Go Position.
This key allows you to move the robot to a recorded position.
Press Go Position. Type in a position number and press Return. Pressing Return
without typing in a position number cancels the Go Position command. If the
position number has not been recorded, the robot will not move and an error
message will be displayed: POSITION EMPTY.
List
This key displays the robot axis coordinates in encoder pulses for any recorded
position.
Press List, then type the position number. The display format is as follows:
Press Return to display the next line of coordinates.
Hold down the Return key to scroll the coordinate display.
Press the Left Arrow ( ⇐) key to return the previous line of coordinates.
Hold down the Left Arrow key to scroll up (reverse scrolling).
Delete
This key allows you to delete any position, or any range of positions, from the
teach pendant memory.
Press Delete. Type the number of the position (or the first position) to delete, and
press Return. You are again prompted:
DEL F POS ...
TO POS ...
To delete a single position, type the same position number previously entered, and
press Return (or, simply press Return without typing a position number). To delete
a range of positions, type the number of the last position to delete, and press Return.
Before the delete operation is executed, you are prompted: ARE YOU SURE?
Press the Yes key to delete the position(s) entered. Press any other key to cancel
the operation.
LIST F POS 4
4 225 955
-875 -58
58 0
0elbow
base
axis 6
pitch
shoulder
axis 7
roll
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EDIT Key (EDIT MODE)
The Edit mode allows you to write and amend programs. The Edit commands are
identical to the commands in the Edit Program Menu in SCORBASE Level 3.
To activate the Edit mode, press the yellow Edit key. The display panel shows:
EDIT PROGRAM
1 E
The letter E flashes until you select an Edit (yellow) function or another mode.
The number of the line currently being written or edited is displayed at the left.
The functions available in the Edit mode are as follows:
Go Position
This key creates the command which sends the robot to a previously recorded
position whenever the program is run.
Press Go Position. Type in a position number and press Return. You are prompted
to press Slow or Fast to enter the rate of motion.
Slow, Fast
The Slow and Fast keys determine the speed at which the robot goes to the specified
position.
You are prompted to select a speed after you have entered a Go Position command.
EDIT PROGRAM
1 POS 2 *S/F
Press Fast to enter the fastest speed. Press Slow and a number from 1 through 9
for a slower speed.
Note: During program execution, the actual change in speed between slow and
fast is not immediate; the shift is gradual. Also, the SCORBOT-ER III takes longer
to decrease speed than increase speed, and stops more quickly when moving
against the force of gravity.
Open
This key writes a command to open the gripper. The gripper will open each time
this line is encountered during program execution.
Close
This key writes a command to close the gripper. The gripper will close each time
this line is encountered during program execution.
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Wait
This key writes a command which causes a delay of the specified number of seconds
each time the program is run.
Press Wait, type in the number of seconds, from 1 through 250, and press Return.
Output On
This key writes a command to activate a specific controller output.
Press Output On, type in the number of the output, and press Return.
Output Off
This key writes a command to deactivate a specific controller output.
Press Output Off, type in the number of the output, and press Return.
Jump
This key writes an unconditional jump command, which causes the program to
jump to the specified line each time the program is run.
Press Jump, type in the desired line number, and press Return.
Input
This key writes a conditional jump command, which causes the program to jump
to the specified line if the specified input is on. If the input is off, the program
simply continues at the line immediately following the Jump command line.
Press Input. You are prompted to type the desired input number. Type a number,
from 1 through 8, and press Return. You are now prompted to type the desired line
number. Type a number, from 1 through 250, and press Return.
Sensor
This key activates the gripper measurement commands.
Press Sensor. The following is displayed:
1.VALUE 2.SENS
3.JUMP
Select one of the following:
1 . VALUE
This option lets you enter and store a predetermined value in a memory cell (SET
MEMORY .. TO ..). This command provides a constant value for the size of the
gripper’s opening, which can be used for comparisons during program execution.
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Press 1. You are prompted to type a memory cell number. Type a number, from 1
through 15, and press Return. Then enter the desired value in millimeters.
2 . SENS
This option lets you measure and store the size (in millimeters) of the gripper’s
opening during program execution (SET MEMORY .. TO SENSOR).
Press 2. You are prompted to type a memory cell number. Type a number, from
1 through 15, and press Return.
When this line is encountered during program execution, the size of the gripper’s
will be measured by the sensor and stored in the specified memory, and the value
will be displayed.
3 . JUMP
This option creates a condition jump command, based on the comparison of the
values stored in two memory cells (IF MEMORY ..> MEMORY .. JUMP TO
LINE ...).
Press 3. You are prompted to type the numbers of two memories, and the line
number to jump to if the first value is greater than the second value.
List
This key lets you review the lines in a program.
Press List. Then type the number of the line (or first line) you want to display, and
press Return.
Press Return to display the next line.
Hold down the Return key to scroll down the display.
Press the Left Arrow ( ⇐) key to return to the previous line.
Hold down the Left Arrow key to scroll up (reverse scrolling).
Delete
This key lets you delete one or more command lines from the program you are
editing.
Press Delete. You are prompted to type in the number of the line (or the first line)
you want to delete. Type the number and press Return. You are then prompted to
type the number of the last line to delete. To delete a single line, type the same line
number, or simply press Return. To delete a range of lines, type in the number of
the last line to delete and press Return. Before the deletion is executed, you are
prompted to confirm: ARE YOU SURE? Press Yes to delete the line entered. Press
any other key to cancel the operation.
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Insert
This key allows you to insert additional lines into the program you are editing.
Press Insert. You are prompted to type in the number of the line at which you want
to insert new line/s. Type the command line/s you want to insert. All lines and
jump commands following the inserted line/s are automatically updated. Press
Return again to return the pointer to the end of the program.
Replace
This key allows you to replace a line in the program you are editing.
Press Replace. You are prompted to type in the number of the line you want to
replace. Type the number and press Return. The specified line is displayed and
you are prompted to replace it with another. After you have entered the new line,
the point returns to the end of the program.
MODE Key (SELECT MODE)
The green Mode key allows you to select modes other than the Edit and Teach
modes. When you press the Mode key, the display panels shows:
CHOOSE:RUN-HOME-
SAVE-LOAD
You can now activate any operation whose name appears in green on the keyboard.
The functions available through the MODE key are as follows:
Run
The Run key enables the execution of a line or lines in a program.
Press Run. Your options are displayed:
1.SINGLE 2.CONT-
INUOUSLY 3.JUMP.
These operations are identical to the Run Program options in SCORBASE Level 3.
1 . SINGLE
Press 1. A single line of the progam will be executed each time you press Return.
2 . CONTINUOUSLY
Press 2. The program will run continuously once you have pressed Return.
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3 . JUMP:
Press 3. You are prompted for the line number to jump to. Type the number and
press Return. The program jumps to the line specified and the Run options are
displayed.
To interrup a running, press the red Brake key for an immediate stop. Press any
other key to stop the program once the current line has been executed.
Home
The Home key enables homing operations of the robot and the execution of a
DEMO program.
Press Home. Your options are displayed:
1.SET 2.SEARCH
3.GO 4.DEMO
1 . SET
Note: Before selecting this option, make sure the gripper is closed.
Press 1.
SET HOME
ARE YOU SURE?
The current robot axis coordinates will be reset to zero (SET PRESENT POSITION
AS HOME), if you press Yes in response to the prompt. Press any other key to
cancel the command.
2 . SEARCH
Press 2. You are prompted to press Return, which will cause the robot to search
for its hard home.
Warning: The Search Home procedure will erase the contents of the
teach pendant memory. If you have a valuable program in memory, be
sure you first save it to disk(ette), using SCORBASE Level 4.
Press any other key to cancel the command.
Note: For more accurate repeatability, execute Search Home twice at the beginning
of each working session, or whenever you select this option.
To run the Search program on axis 6 and axis 7, the INPUT switches on the
controller must be turned on, as follows:
INPUT #1 switch on: Search for home on Axis 6.
INPUT #2 switch on: Search for home on Axis 7.
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If no peripheral axis is connected, make sure these switches are off when you run
the search. If either of these switches is on, and the motor axis which it represents
is not connected, a motor error message will be displayed.
3 . GO
Press 3. If you press Yes in reponse to the prompt ARE YOU SURE, the robot
will immediately move to its home position. Press any other key to cancel the
command.
4 . DEMO
Press 4. This will load and run a demonstration program. This DEMO program
resembles the DEMO program included on the SCORBASE Level 3 diskette.
For an explanation and listing of this program, refer to the section “Programs on
the SCORBASE Diskettes,” in Chapter 4.
After you load DEMO (from the teach pendant’s EPROM to the RAM), you can
amend it using the Edit and Teach modes and execute it with the Run key. List and
Delete functions are also applicable to the DEMO program.
Save
Note: For Save operations, the robot controller must be connected to a computer
in which SCORBASE Level 4 has been loaded. Refer to the following section,
“SCORBASE Level 4.”
Press Save. This key transfers the program currently in the teach pendant memory
to the computer memory. When the Save operation is completed, the display will
show: DONE!
Load
Note: For Load operations, the robot controller must be connected to a computer
in which SCORBASE Level 4 has been loaded. Refer to the following section,
“SCORBASE Level 4.”
Press Load. This key loads the program currently in the computer memory into
the teach pendant memory.
Note: If you load a program which was written in another level of SCORBASE,
such as Level 3, and contains commands unknown to the teach pendant, the lines
containing these commands will be blank during Run or List operations; only the
line number will be displayed.
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RESET Key
The gray Reset key clears the teach pendant memory.
Press Reset. You are prompted: ARE YOU SURE? If you press Yes, the teach
pendant memory will be irretrievably erased. Press any other key for No.
If the teach pendant stops responding to keyboard entries and does not beep when
keys are pressed, press the controller RESET switch, and then press the teach
pendant Reset key. Then respond negatively to ARE YOU SURE? This will restore
operation to the teach pendant but will not erase the program currently in its
memory.
For more information on the Reset function, refer to the section, “Connecting the
Teach Pendant to the Controller,” at the beginning of this chapter.
BRAKE Key
The red Brake key is used for emergency stops.
When running a program, you can stop the robot movement in one of two ways:
• Emergency brake: Press the Brake key. The robot will stop immediately and
the following is displayed:
BRAKE
1.CONTINU 2.MENU
• Regular stop: Press any other key. The display panels shows: ABORT and the
line currently being executed.
During program execution, if the robot encounters an obstacle (or some part of
itself), or if any robot motor has difficulty moving, the emergency brake is
automatically applied, and the following is displayed:
MOTOR # ERROR!
1.CONTINU 2.MENU
Press 1. The program resumes running from the line it failed to execute.
Press 2. The program is aborted and you are prompted to select another function.
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SCORBASE Level 4
SCORBASE Level 4 enables the transfer (loading and saving) of programs between
the teach pendant and the computer, thereby allowing you to save programs onto
disk(ette) and later recall them to the teach pendant.
Level 4 also enables the listing and deletion of positions and program lines.
Main Menu
The Main Menu must be displayed to permit the loading and saving operations
which involve the teach pendant.
When saving and loading operations are executed, an arrow on the screen shows
the direction in which the data is flowing. The following messages are also
displayed:
PROGRAM TRANSMITTED
The program has been loaded to the teach pendant from the computer.
PROGRAM RECEIVED
The program has been saved to the computer from the teach pendant.
SCORBASE Level 4
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Other Menus
The List/Delete Positions, List/Delete Program, and the Program Handling screens
in SCORBASE Level 4 are identical to those in SCORBASE Level 3.
The Clear Memory option is used to empty the teach pendant memory and positions
table, and to erase unwanted programs and positions.
Note: Remember to return to the Main Menu after each list/delete, program
handling, or clear memory operation. Otherwise, load and save operations cannot
be executed properly.
Saving Programs from Teach Pendant to Computer Disk(ette)
1. Make sure the computer screen displays the SCORBASE Level 4 Main Menu.
2. Make sure the computer is connected to the lower RS232 port on the controller,
and the teach pendant is connected to the upper RS232 port.
3. Activate the Mode menu on the teach pendant. (You may need to press the green
Mode key more than once.)
4. Press the green Save key on the teach pendant.
5. Wait for the message PROGRAM RECEIVED to appear on the computer screen,
and the message DONE! to appear on the teach pendant display panel.
6. Make sure the program was indeed transferred to the host computer. Activate the
List/Delete Positions and the List/Delete Program screens. Examine the (com-
puter’s) programs and positions and compare them with those in the teach pendant.
7. Activate the Program Handling menu. Save the program. Assign the program a
name of up to 8 characters (beginning with a letter), and do not use an extension.
8. Select Catalog. Check that the program just saved appears in the catalog. Note that
the extension .L4 will be appended to the program name, signifying that the
program was received in Level 4.
Computer Editing of Programs Written on the Teach Pendant
1. Load SCORBASE Level 3.
2. Remove the SCORBASE Level 3 diskette from the disk drive, and insert the diskette
which contains the program written and saved from the teach pendant.
3. Activate the Program Handling menu. Check the Catalog. Load the program
written by the teach pendant (it will be identfied by the extension .L4).
SCORBASE Level 4
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When typing the name of the program to be loaded, add the figure 4 at the beginning
of the name; for example, 4PROGA. Do not use the extension.
4. You can now work with the loaded program on the computer.
Important:
• The teach pendant recognizes all the commands in SCORBASE Level 2 and
the gripper sensor commands from SCORBASE Level 3.
• If you edit a program in Level 3, avoid using commands not recognized by the
teach pendant (for example, the Memory commands). The lines containing
these commands will be displayed as blank if you attempt to load the edited
program to the teach pendant.
• Also, remember to disconnect the teach pendant from the controller if you
activate and work in levels of SCORBASE other than Level 4.
Loading Programs from Computer Disk(ette) to Teach Pendant
1. Load SCORBASE Level 4 into the computer.
2. Activate the Program Handling menu and load a program from the diskette.
To load programs written on the computer and saved in a level other than
SCORBASE Level 4, do the following:
• If necessary, remove the SCORBASE Level 4 diskette from the disk drive and
insert the diskette containing the program you want to load.
• Load the program into the computer, prefixing the name with the number
representing the level in which the program was written. For example, 3FRED.
3. Return to the Main Menu.
4. Activate the Mode menu on the teach pendant.
5. Press the green Load key on the teach pendant.
6. Once the load operation has been completed, the message PROGRAM TRANS-
MITTED appears on the computer screen, and the message DONE! appears on
the teach pendant display panel. You can now use the teach pendant to edit and
execute the program.
SCORBASE Level 4
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CHAPTER 6
Maintenance and Repairs
Routine Maintenance
Monthly inspection and maintenance of the SCORBOT-ER III should include the
following:
1. Check all screws and bolts in the robot arm. Tighten any loose ones.
2. Check all leads and rubber components in the robot arm. Replace any worn ones.
3. Check the tension of the robot arm belts. When you press on a belt, it should give
2 mm (0.08") (see Figure 6-1).
Tighten the belts only if you are absolutely certain they are slipping or retarding
the motors (see Figures 6-2, 6-3 and 6-4).
• Figure 6-2 shows how to tighten the belts in the forearm which move the wrist
axes (pitch and roll). Loosen the two screws (1) which hold the tension shaft.
Press down on the shaft and retighten the two screws.
• Figure 6-3 shows how to tighten the belts in the upper arm which move the
wrist axes (2) and the belt which moves the elbow (3).
Figure 6-1: Checking Belt Tension
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Figure 6-2: Tightening Belts in Forearm
Figure 6-3: Tightening Belts in Upper Arm
Figure 6-4: Tightening Belts in Robot Base
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Figure 6-4 shows how to tighten the two belts in the robot base which move the
wrist axes. First loosen the screw (5), and then loosen either one or both screws (4).
Then, to tighten the belts, simultaneously pull the appropriate motor and retighten
the screw/s (4). Finally, retighten the screw (5).
4. Check the backlash between the pinion (60) and the main drive (toothed gear) (32)
of the elbow and shoulder motors (the two motors attached to the side plate of the
robot body). Refer to Figures 7-2 and 7-4.
If the backlash is excessive, loosen the two screws (S22) which hold the motor
bracket onto the side plate, and push the motor (and its pinion) towards the drive
gear. Then retighten the screws.
5. Check for excessive backlash in the base axis. Refer to Figures 7-3 and 7-4
The anti-backlash unit has four gears. Two gears (22 and 27) are on top of one
other with a spring (23) fitted in between. To stretch the spring, do the following:
• Make sure the robot is bolted to the work surface.
• Undo the screw holding the gear (20) closest to you. Remove this gear.
• Note the small unused hole on the base plate located near the gears (22 and
27). It will enable you to lock the gear (22) in the next step.
• To prevent the gear (22) from moving during the following steps, lock the gear
by inserting a short pin through this hole and in between two teeth in this gear.
Make sure the pin does not touch the lower gear (27) and that the gear (27) is
free to rotate.
• Mark the two teeth which are directly above one another on the gears (22 and
27), one on the upper gear and one on the lower gear.
• Manually turn the robot body counterclockwise a distance of six to eight teeth
between the marked teeth. The spring should now be correctly stretched.
• Return the gear (20) to its position and fasten the screw.
• Remove the locking pin.
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Troubleshooting
Whenever there is a problem in your system, try to identify the component in which
it exists – controller, arm, computer, teach pendant or RS232 connections – by
using other functioning components or equipment. That is, if you have another
system which you know is functioning properly, then exchange the suspected faulty
component with its counterpart in the functioning system.
For example, if the robot is unable to find Home in axis 2, the problem is either
in the arm or in the controller. Exchange first the arm and then the controller with
their counterparts in a system you know is functioning properly.
Do not open the controller housing. Do not attempt repairs for which you are not
qualified. Contact your agent or a technician, who has received proper training
and certification from the manufacturer, for repairs.
The following chart provides guidelines for identifying and rectifying problems
which you may encounter.
Item Problem Corrective Action
1. Controller power does
not turn on.
The LED on the
controller POWER
switch does not light
up.
Make sure the power cable is connected to the controller
and to a proper power source.
Check the 5V 1A fuse.
Check the 220V/110V 1.5A/1.6A fuse; use a small
screwdriver to pry open the lid.
If the RS232 cable is connected, disconnect it and retry
to power on the controller. If successful, reconnect the
RS232 cable.
Disconnect the robot cable and retry to power on the
controller. If successful, reconnect the cable.
2. No communication
between the controller
and computer;
“Communication
Error” message while
operating robot from
computer.
Make sure the controller POWER and MOTOR switches
are on.
Make sure the RS232 cable is properly wired and
connected to the controller and to the computer.
Make sure the RS232 card in the computer is set up
properly. (See Appendix B).
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Make sure the teach pendant is not connected to the
controller’s upper RS232 port. Press the controller
RESET switch, or switch the controller off and then on
again.
Using the Teach screen in SCORBASE, try to move any
robot axis and check whether the TX and RX LEDs at
the back of the controller light up.
If problem persists, it is probably due to a faulty RS232
cable.
3. “Communication
Error” message while
operating robot from
teach pendant.
Press the Reset key on the teach pendant and reply No
to the prompt ARE YOU SURE?
If error message reoccurs, switch the controller off and
then on again.
4. Controller functioning,
but robot arm cannot be
activated; or one motor
fails to respond and
“Motor Error” appears
on screen.
Make sure the MOTOR switch is on and the green MOTOR
LED is lit.
Make sure the robot cable is properly connected to the
controller.
Make sure none of the axes has reached its mechanical
limit.
If no fault detected, and problem persists:
Check the two 4A fuses.
Check all electrical connections to the motor and the
encoder.
Open the encoder by unscrewing the two Phillips screws
on its cover, and check the phototransistors and the LEDs
in the encoder.
You can try to run the motor by applying 12VDC directly
to its two poles.
Make sure there are no breaks in the leads from the motor
to the controller.
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5. The robot does not
respond to instructions
from the computer,
but responds when
MOTOR TEST switch is
pressed.
Enter a robot command from the computer and check
whether the RX and TX LEDs on the controller rear
panel light up.
If the LEDs fail to light up, the problem is probably in
the computer, or with RS232 card setup or cable. Or, the
software may be faulty.
If LEDs light, but problem persists, contact your agent.
6. Robot does not find the
Home position in one
of its axes.
“Axis not at home”
message during a
Home search.
Check whether the microswitch is broken. If so, replace
it.
If the microswitch is not broken, listen (for a click) and
look to see if it is depressed and released during axis
movement. If the microswitch is not being depressed (no
click is heard), look for the faulty or loose component,
and replace or adjust it.
Check whether the microswitch shorts its two poles when
depressed.
If you cannot locate a short between the two micro-
switch terminals, the microswitch needs to be replaced.
If you can locate a short between the two terminals, check
the wires for conductivity between the D50 connector
and the microswitch terminal while pressed. (Refer to
Appendix D).
If you detect conductivity, the problem may be in the
controller; contact your agent.
7. Inaccurate robot
response when
executing XYZ
commands.
Execute a Home search. Make sure all axes reach home,
as confirmed on the computer or teach pendant display.
If one or more of the axes does not find its home position,
the problem may be due to the microswitch, the cable
connecting the robot to the controller, or the controller
itself.
If all axes find home but inaccuracies still occur, contact
your agent for the recalibration of the Home position.
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8. Excessive motor
oscillations
The encoders link electronic and mechanical parts in the
system. Each encoder measures one robot axis
movement and enables the controller to stop the motor
as soon as the prescribed amount of movement is
executed. The motor then oscillates briefly around the
brake point. Controlled by the microprocessor, the
oscillation is quickly reduced by the friction created by
the spring and teflon washers between the motor and the
encoder disk (see Figure 6-5).
The washers might wear down and fail to exert sufficient
pressure on the spring. This will cause excessive motor
oscillation. You will therefore need to compress or
replace the washers.
Remove the two screws on the encoder cover. Open the
encoder and carefully remove the small printed circuit
board from the encoder; it will remain attached to the
electrical leads.
To compress the washers:
Loosen the two Allen screws which hold the encoder
disk onto the motor shaft. Gently press the encoder disk
toward the motor and retighten the Allen screw. Reattach
the circuit board and cover.
To replace the washers (and spring):
Lift out the encoder disk. Remove the metal washer and
the teflon washer. Remove the spring and the second
teflon washer. Replace the necessary parts. Make sure
the encoder disk does not touch the sides of the encoder
housing.
Figure 6-5: Spring and Washers betw een Encoder and Motor
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Notes:
1. If the washers are overly compressed, excessive
friction will result; this will slow the motor and possibly
cause motor errors while the robot is running.
2. Where the force of gravity acts upon motors
(particularly in motors 2 and 3), it may be difficult to
prevent the oscillation completely by compressing the
washers and spring.
3. In some positions, especially when the robot arm is
loaded, some minor oscillations may occur which do not
cause any movement of the gripper. These slight
oscillations are not a sign of a problem.
9. Errors in the accuracy
of the robot
Position deviations in one or more of the axes during the
running of a program may be caused by a faulty encoder.
Using an oscilloscope, check the signals received from
the two phototransistors. Figure 6-6 shows the wave
diagrams which emanate from the two channels (Photo 0
Figure 6-6: The Encoder Signals
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and Photo 1) of an encoder with respect to the time axis;
the two upper signals should be clean square waves.
The VL (low) value should not exceed 0.4 V.
The VH (high) value should be greater than 4V.
However, you must also check the third wave which
shows the sum of the two waves. The diagram reflects a
time shift of a quarter cycle between the two waves.
Distorted waves with an incorrect shift between them
may indicate: (1) a faulty encoder which needs to be
replaced or readjusted; (2) an electro-optic component
is covered with dirt or dust and is therefore
malfunctioning electrically; (3) the legs of the
electro-optic components are bent, or are at the incorrect
height; (4) the encoder disk may have a mechanical
problem.
Note: To produce clean square waves with a 90° shift,
the height of the optical components above the printed
circuit board is very important (see Appendix E).
Robot innacuracy may also be due to a loose or damaged
component in one of the transmissions between the motor
and the moving link. Check for movement continuity in
all relevant transmission components; that is, check
whether the gears and belts move together with the motor
drive shaft.
10. The gripper does not
respond to open or
close commands.
Using SCORBASE Level 3, activate the Home Menu and
press Z to zero the gripper. Exit the Home Menu and
recheck the gripper.
Follow steps for checking motor and encoder, as
described in Item 4.
11. “Sensor value is 0”
message when gripper
opened and when
closed.
Using SCORBASE Level 3, activate the Home Menu and
press Z to zero the gripper. Exit the Home Menu and
recheck the gripper.
If the problem persists, proceed to the next item.
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12. The gripper opens and
closes in response to
Open Gripper
command; gripper
responds incorrectly
to Close Gripper
command.
Make sure the robot D50 connector is securely connected
to the controller.
One or more of the optical components in the encoder
may be faulty or not connected.
Use an oscilloscope, as described in Item 9 above, to
check for the two square waves in the phototransistor
outputs as the motor rotates.
The problem may be due to a break in the leads. Check
the leads between the encoder and the motor.
The problem may also be in the controller. If the problem
persists, contact your agent.
13. The gripper opens and
closes too freely; weak
gripper force;
the gripper motor
rotates endlessly.
Make sure the gripper motor output shaft is securely
attached to the gripper lead screw.
Disassemble the loose gripper (See Figure 7-1):
1. Remove the gripper motor (S 312) from the plate
(112) by unscrewing the three attachment bolts (2 bolts
S 12 and one bolt S 14). Take note of part (S 313), an
Oldham coupling with three parts – two metal parts fitted
with bolts and an intermediate plastic part. When you
remove the motor, one metal portion of the coupling will
stay attached to the shaft. The second metal portion of
the coupling will stay attached to the lead screw (94).
The plastic portion will remain attached to either one of
the two metal portions.
2. Remove the lead screw (94) from part (105) by
turning it counterclockwise.
3. Fasten both metal portions to their respective shafts
by firmly tightening the Allen screws (one portion to the
motor output shaft and the other to the lead screw.)
Note: When tightening the coupling piece to the motor
output shaft, ensure that the coupling is 1.5 mm to 2 mm
away from the plate (112).
Reassemble the Gripper:
1. Make sure the coupling’s plastic portion is attached
to the metal portion attached to the lead screw (94). Keep
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the gripper fingers closed. Screw the lead screw (94)
with the coupling portion attached, clockwise into part
(105), as tight as possible. Now release the gripper
fingers.
2. Refit the motor by aligning the coupling fitted to the
motor output shaft together with the plastic coupling
portion attached to the metal portion attached to the lead
screw (94).
3. When all the coupling sections are aligned and
attached, turn the motor body until the holes in the plate
(112) align with those in part (91). Reinsert and tighten
the three bolts which you loosened at the beginning of
the procedure.
14. Motor turns constantly
in one direction after a
move axis command is
given.
Press the controller RESET button.
If pressing the RESET switch stopped the motor’s
rotation, the problem is probably due to the encoder, or
the encoder circuitry in the controller. Check the square
wave from both phototransistors while the motor is
rotating.
15. Motor turns constantly
in one direction when
POWER and MOTOR
switches are turned on.
The fault probably lies in the power transistors (on the
PC 200N and PC 200P boards) or in the opto-isolators
(ICs U45-U48) on the main circuit board (PC 010)).
Contact your agent.
16. The controller does not
receive an input signal.
Short the input port to ground. The corresponding LED
should light up.
If the LED does not light up, use SCORBASE to check
whether the input is not functioning or whether the
display is faulty.
The problem may be in the display board (PC 310) or in
the flat cable connecting it to the main circuit board (PC
010). Or, ICU9 on the main circuit board is
malfunctioning. Contact your agent.
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17. The controller does
not give output
signals.
Check the wiring to the outputs.
If the LEDs light up, but the output does not work, the
problem is probably in the controller.
If problem is with one of outputs 5-8 (open collector),
check first whether a load has been correctly connected,
as described in Chapter 2.
If both the LED and the outputs do not operate, there is
probably a fault in the internal wiring. Contact your
agent.
18. The Home position
suddenly changes, and
the robot continues
operation in relation to
the new Home.
This fault may occur continually or once every few
hours, due to a “noisy” electrical system which disturbs
the communication between the robot and the computer.
Execute the Home routine, and reload the program you
want to run.
If the fault occurs frequently, use filtering equipment on
your power line.
Contact your agent if you are unable to rectify this
problem.
9211

CHAPTER 7
Parts Lists and Exploded Views
Following are parts lists detailing the components used to assemble the robot arm
and the controller.
The robot arm parts list includes the isometric drawing numbers used in the
diagrams at the end of this chapter.
To order spare parts or replacements, contact your agent. When ordering, specify
the new and old (previous) part number and the item description.
Table 7-1: Robot Arm Components – SCORBOT-ER III
Iso. Previous
Dwg # Part # Part # Description
1 113012 AR1 Bearing housing cover (plastic)
2 111401 AR2 Main shaft base
S 2 306003 SC1C4-14 Socket head cap screw #4-40 X 1/4
4 113004 AR4 Baseplate
5 113001 AR5 Base
S 8 306002 SC1C2-38 Socket head cap screw #2-56 x 3/8
11 111906 AR11 Tooth gear (120 teeth)
12 112102 AR12 Bottom Plate
15 112401 AR15 Motors 4+ 5 support base
16 112403 AR16 Clamp for motors (4+ 5) support
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17 110202 AR17 Right side plate
18 110207 AR18 Left side plate
S 18 306401 SC1F10-38 Socket head cap screw #10-32 x 3/8
20 111901 AR20 Anti-backlash tooth gear (transfer)
22 111902 AR22 Anti-backlash tooth gear (upper)
23 113501 AR23 Anti-backlash spring
24 107003 AR24 Washer
S 26 306602 SC1C14-1 Socket head cap screw #1/4-20 x 1
27 111903 AR27 Anti-backlash tooth gear (bottom)
S 27 306602 SC1C14-58 Socket head cap screw #1/4-20 x 5/8
28 111907 AR28 Tooth gear (base motor)
S 31 306414 SCEF10-14 Socket head cap screw #10-32 x 3/4 x 1/4 shoulder
32 319404 GE1018 Tooth gear (motors 2+ 3)
34 112405 AR34 Motor support (2)
S 34 113505 SPS34 Spring 220 g. (motors 2+ 3)
35 112404 AR35 Motor support (3)
37 112402 AR37 Motor support (motors 4+ 5)
38 319406 AR38 Timing belt pulley (motors 4+ 5)
39 113502 SPS39 Spring 55 g. (motors 4+ 5)
40 111606 AR40 Rear cross member
46 111402 AR46 Main shoulder shaft
47 111909 AR47 Timing belt pulley
49 111905 AR49 Tooth gear (72 teeth)
52 111405 AR52 First tension shaft
53 113013 AR53 Tension wheel
55 111406 AR55 Second tension shaft
56 113014 AR56 Tension pulley
57 112406 AR57 Clamp – lower arm – left side plate
58 110212 AR58 Lower arm – right side plate
60 111904 AR60 Tooth gear (right – 72 teeth)
61 110217 AR61 Lower arm – left side plate
63 112407 AR63 Clamp – lower arm – left side plate
Previous
Part # Part # Description
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64 111403 AR64 Middle shaft
67 107001 AR67 Aluminium spacer
S 70 306007 SC3C4-14 Flat head socket screw #4-40 x 1/4
72 111407 AR72 Third tension shaft
74 111404 AR74 Gripper axis
76 112439 AR76 Stopper (motors 4+ 5)
77 110705 AR77 Baseplate limit switch
82 113008 AR82 Timing belt pulley + miter gear
84 110227 AR84 Upper arm left side plate
S 87 306410 SC3F10-12 Flat head socket screw #10-32 x 1/2
88 110222 AR88 Upper arm – right side plate
91 112408 AR91 Gripper gear motor support
S 91 306412 SC3F10-114 Flat head socket screw #10-32 x 1/4
94 113801 AR94 Lead screw
96 112117 AR96 Gripper bridge
97 112118 AR97 Gripper arm (inner)
98 112119 AR98 Gripper arm (outer)
99 112120 AR99 Gripper arm (short)
100 112113 AR100 Gripper clamp
101 110703 AR101 Mounting plate – gripper
102 113201 AR102 Rubber pad – gripper
103 111409 AR103 Pivot pin
105 111408 AR105 Main shaft – gripper
107 113802 AR107 Lead nut – gripper
108 112115 AR108 Bearing housing
109 112116 AR109 Bearing housing cover
112 110229 AR112 Gripper motor base plate
113 113503 AR113 Spring 120 g. (gripper motor)
S 115 45007 PC503 Encoder circuitry (3 slots)
116 113009 AR116 Miter gear (bottom)
S 116 45006 PC502 Encoder circuitry (6 slots)
127 107009 WA7S127 Spacer washer (for base bearing)
S 139 306008 SC2C4-18 Socket head set screw #4-40 x 1/8
S 153 306214 SC2C8-14 Socket head set screw #8-32 x 1/4 (without head)
Iso. Previous
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169 40002 AR420 Gripper harness
170 40001 AR421 Cable 50 leads + connector
172 412364 CC7F12I3 Connector housing (12 pin)
173 412606 PI4MA Connector pin
174 300008 UV6 Clamp – cable 50 lead
S 187 302002 SC5M2-10 Socket binding head screw M2 x 10 (limit switch)
S 188 302001 SC5M2-8 Slotted binding head screw M2 x 8 (limit switch)
S 189 302006 SC7M2-20 Slotted binding head screw M2x20 (encoder housing)
S 206 313001 WA1C4 Washer (for screw #4-40)
S 208 313004 WA1C10 Washer for screw #10-32
S 209 313005 WA1C14 Washer for screw ∅ 1/4
S 215 314002 WA2C4 Spring washer (for screw #4-40)
S 219 314006 WA2C14 Spring washer (for screw ∅ 1/4)
S 225 314503 WA3M2 Lock washer M2
S 227 313003 WA1C8 Washer (for screw #8-32)
S 232 107008 WA8S232 Teflon washer ∅ 1/4" x ∅ 3/8" x 0.6mm
S 233 107007 WA8S233 Teflon washer ∅ 1/4" x ∅ 1/2" x 0.6mm
S 234 113016 WA8S234 Nylon washer ∅ 11 x ∅ 4
S 240 310001 NU1U2 Hexagonal nut M2
S 253 316006 CI3C18 E-Ring ∅ 1/8 DIN 6799
S 254 316003 CI1M10 Retaining ring ∅ 10 DIN 471
S 260 320005 BE10822 Ball bearing ∅ 8 x ∅ 22 x 7
S 268 320701 BE21216 Needle bearing ∅ 12 x ∅ 16 x 10
S 275 320501 BE31024 Thrust bearing ∅ 10 x ∅ 24 x 2
S 276 320502 AS31024 Thrust washer ∅ 10 x ∅ 24 x 1
S 277 320503 LS31024 Thrust washer ∅ 10 x ∅ 24 x 2.5
S 278 320504 BE31226 Thrust bearing ∅ 12 x ∅ 26 x 2
S 279 320505 AS31226 Thrust washer ∅ 12 x ∅ 26 x 1
Iso. Previous
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S 283 314501 WA4M10 Lock washer
S 285 310401 NU4M10 Lock nut – gripper
S 286 310402 NU4S286 Lock nut – base KM 5
S 288 100706 WA9S288 Washer ∅ 10.5 x ∅ 20 x 0.5
S 289 100705 WA9S289 Washer ∅ 12.5 x ∅ 22 x 0.5
S 293 319201 AR293 Timing belt
S 300 315202 AR300 Flange – timing belt pulley
S 301 315201 AR301 Flange – timing belt pulley
S 308 317501 PN1C18-38 Pivot pin ∅ 1/8" x 3/8"
S 309 430901 AR309 Gear motor (base; no.1) 127.7:1
S 310 430901 AR310 Gear motor (shoulder/elbow; no. 2 + 3) 127.7:1
S 311 430902 AR311 Gear motor (pitch/roll; no. 4 + 5) 65.5:1
S 312 430903 AR312 Gripper motor (no. 8)
S 313 319001 AR313 Coupling
S 315 410802 SW712M0 Limit switch
S 316 310802 NU5C8 Nut for harness
S 317 300006 PA4317 Harness clamp
S 318 113006 PA113 Rubber plug (base)
S 319 300007 PA408 Harness clamp
S 320 314007 WA5M10 Conical washer
S 322 113203 PA205 Rubber grommet
S 324 113202 PA512 O-ring (rubber)
S 325 113204 PA310 Rubber stopper
S 350 317801 PN2C18-114 Roll pin ∅ 1/8 x 1 1/4
S 351 317502 AR351 Ball bearing ∅ - 3.5 mm
414 105001 UV414-1 Encoder disk (3 holes)
427 113005 UV427 Encoder housing (plastic)
429 105002 UV429-1 Encoder disk (6 holes)
Iso. Previous
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Table 7-2: Controller Components – SCORBOT-ER III
35007 110V/220V transformer
40013 Main power cable set (within controller)
40014 Diode bridge cable set (within controller)
40015 RS-232 cable set (within controller)
40016 Ground cable (within controller)
45001 PCB 010 main board
45002 NPN PCB 200 driver board
45003 PNP PCB 200 driver board
45004 PCB 310 I/O board
45005 PCB 410 power supply board
102311 Voltage tag
110707 Controller housing base
110709 Controller housing cover
110711 Transformer cover
110713 PCB 200 support bracket
307201 Phillips round head screw #4-40x3/8"
307202 Phillips countersunk head screw #4-40x1/4"
307402 Slotted round head screw #6-32x3/8"
307404 Phillips round head screw #6-32x1/4"
309001 D-connector screw and nut #4-40x3/16"
310601 Nut #4-40x3/16"– nickel plated
310604 Nut #4-40 – zinc plated
310605 Nut #6-32x5/16" – zinc plated
310606 Nut #6-32 self-locking – zinc plated
310607 Nut #6-32x7/32"
310804 Nut #8-32 self-locking – zinc plated
313003 Flat washer M4 DIN125a
313009 Fiber washer M4
314001 Spring washer UN#4 – zinc plated
314003 Spring washer UN#6
314506 Star washer #6
314507 Star washer #4 – zinc plated
315003 Plastic nut #6-32
315004 Plastic spacer
408515 LED housing
Part # Description
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410506 Fuse 1A
4109511 Fuse 4A
410601 Fuse housing
411815 Flat cable to ER III
Part # Description
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Figure 7-1: Gripper Assembly
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Figure 7-2: Robot Arm Assembly
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Figure 7-3: Anti-Backlash Assembly
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Figure 7-4: Base and Motors Assembly
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9211

APPENDIX A
Writing Software for
SCORBOT-ER III
The SCORBOT-ER III Operating System
The operating system incorporated in the robot controller lets you program the
robot without using SCORBASE.
The operating system of the robot is stored in an EPROM in the controller. It allows
you to type on the computer keyboard the ASCII characters for robot commands.
To input these commands, use one of the following:
• A terminal.
• DOS with COM1 device.
• A communication utility program.
• Eshed Robotec’s UTILITIES+ program.
Controller Operating System Commands
Communication is initiated by the host computer, which sends all its commands to
the controller as a continuous serial transmission of ASCII codes. Commands may
be categorized according to the controller response which they elicit:
Uni-directional: The controller does not transmit a response.
Regular bi-directional: The controller response is one ASCII character, such as
0 or 1 .
Special bi-directional: The controller response consists of two consecutive
bytes.
USER’S MANUAL SCORBOT-ER III A-1
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Note that the TX and RX LEDs on the controller rear panel light up to indicate that
communication between the controller and the host computer is functioning
properly. If you are having trouble operating the robot, check that these LEDs are
indeed lit.
Uni-Directional Commands
Uni-directional commands are sent to the controller as a continuous serial
transmission of ASCII codes. These commands activate robot operations. The
controller does not transmit a response to these command.
Motor Movement
a M ± bcde ↵
a A digit from 1 to 8, denotes the number of the motor to be operated.
M Designates a motor movement command.
± A plus (+ ) or a minus (–) sign, denotes the required direction of motor rotation.
If no sign is used, the direction is considered positive.
bcde A four-digit number, ranging from + 8000 to –80000, denotes the required amount
of motion, measured in encoder pulses.
↵ Carriage return.
On receipt of ↵ , the controller will operate the specified motor for the prescribed
extent of motion. The defined number of encoder pulses is stored in the register
of the specified motor. The processor recognizes that the value stored in the register
is not equal to 0, and connects the voltage for motor operation. As the motor turns,
so does its encoder, which transmits pulses to the controller. With each pulse
received, the value stored in the register is decremented by 1; when the value stored
in the register equals 0, the processor disconnects the voltage from the motor.
If a new movement command for the motor is entered before the motor stops, the
number of pulses defined in the new command will be added to the value remaining
in the motor’s register.
Warning! Use small numbers at first, to reduce the danger of the motor stalling
following a collision of the robot arm with objects or with itself, or the motor
coming to a mechanical end stop. If, despite this precaution, the motor stalls, press
the RESET switch on the controller front panel; this will reset all motor registers
to zero, thus stopping all motors.
A-2 SCORBOT-ER III USER’S MANUAL
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Set Speed of Motors
a V b
a A digit from 1 to 8, denotes the number of the motors whose speed is to be set.
Use 0 to denote all motors.
V Designates a motor speed command.
b A digit from 0 to 9, denotes the speed setting. The slowest speed is 1, increasing
to 9. The fastest speed is 0.
Set Output
a S
a A digit from 1 to 8, denotes the number of the output to be operated.
S Designates a set output command.
On receipt of S, the controller will activate the desired output. The output LED
will light. If the number of the output selected is between 1 and 4, a soft click will
be heard as the output relay contacts close.
Reset Output
a R
a A digit from 1 to 8, denotes the number of the output to be disconnected.
R Designates a reset output command.
On receipt of R, the controller will disconnect the desired output. The output LED
will go out. If the number of the output selected is between 1 and 4, a soft click
will be heard as the output relay contacts open.
Stop Motor Movement (with Loss of Information)
a P
a A digit from 1 to 8, denotes the number of the motor to be stopped.
P Designates a stop motor movement command.
On receipt of P, the controller will reset the register of the specified motor, thus
causing an immediate stop. Since the register of that motor contained a value
indicating the amount of motor motion still to be carried out, resetting the register
9211

to zero will cause the controller to lose all information on the amount of motion
executed by that motor before it received the stop command.
Emergency Brake all Motors (without Loss of Information)
B
B Designates an emergency brake command.
On receipt of B, the controller will stop all robot motor motion. At the moment of
braking, the controller resets all motor registers to zero, but stores the information
required to completed the interrupted movement in a special area of the backup
memory.
Resume Motor Movement (following Emergency Brake)
C
C Designates a resume motor movement command.
On receipt of C, the controller will restore the robot motion information from the
backup memory to the motor registers, causing the robot motor to restart and
complete the originally programmed motion.
Set a New Offset
U abc *
U Designates the change offset command.
abc A three-digit number, denoting the new offset, instead of 14 pulses.
* Denotes end of command.
Refer to the bi-directional command E for checking the completion of motor
movement.
Disable Interrupt Mode
X
X Designates the disable interrupt mode command.
This command prevents the controller from sending interrupts to the host computer
(by means of the RS-232C port) when the events listed above occur.
Refer to the bi-directional command W for enabling the interrupt mode.
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Regular Bi-Directional Commands
To reduce the possibility of error, it is recommended that bi-directional commands
be transmitted twice in succession (for example, A I A I). Then refer only to the
controller’s second response.
Check Input Status
a I
a A digit from 1 to 8, denoting the number of the input to be checked.
I Designates an input status check command.
On receipt of I, the controller will check the status of the specified input and respond
with the following ASCII codes:
1 If the input is ON (that is, if a short circuit exists between the two input
terminals).
0 If the input is OFF (that is, if a state of disconnection exists between the two
input terminals).
Check the controller response to the status of inputs 1 and 2 by turning input
switches 1 and 2 on and then off. Also check the controller response to the status
of inputs 3 through 8 by changing their status (short circuit or disconnect) from
the controller front panel.
Check Limit Switch Status
a L
a A digit from 1 to 8, denoting the number of the limit switch to be checked.
L Designates a limit switch status check command.
On receipt of L, the controller will check the status of the specified limit switch
and respond with the following ASCII codes:
1 If the limit switch is ON (that is, if the limit switch on the robot arm is
depressed).
0 If the limit switch is OFF (that is, if the limit switch on the robot arm is
released).
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Check Completion of All Motor Movement
T
T Designates a movement completion check command.
On receipt of T, the controller will check whether all robot motors have completed
their programmed motion – that is, whether all motor registers are set to zero –
and respond with the following ASCII codes:
1 If all robot motors have completed their programmed movement.
0 If any robot motor has not completed its programmed movement.
Check Expected Completion of All Motor Movement
(Offset of 14 Pulses)
E
E Designates an expected movement completion check command.
This command resembles the T command, with one exception. The T command
checks whether all motor registers are set to zero. The E command checks whether
all motor registers store values less than 14.
On receipt of E, the controller will check whether all robot motors are about to
completed their programmed motion – that is, whether all motor registers have
less than 14 steps, or encoder pulses, remaining to completed their programmed
motion – and will respond with the following ASCII codes:
1 If all robot motors are about to complete their programmed movement.
0 If any robot motor is not about to complete its programmed movement.
This command is used to ensure smooth robot arm motion between positions. The
controller is sent a movement command to the next position before the robot arm
has reached the previous position, to prevent discontinuity of motion.
Refer to the uni-directional command U for setting a new offset.
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Check Status of Motors
A
A Designates a check motor status command.
On receipt of A, the controller will check the status of all motors and respond with
the following ASCII codes:
0 If none of the motors is moving, and none is intended to move.
– If all the motors have less than the offset number of encoder pulses to complete
their movements.
+ If there are motors which still have to complete more than the offset number
of pulses to complete their movement.
1 . . . 8 If a motor error has occurred on motor 1 through 8; that is, the motor does not
move as instructed.
Enable Interrupt Mode
W
W Designates the enable interrupt mode command.
On receipt of W, the controller will effect interrupts to the computer whenever
specific events occur. The controller sends the following ASCII codes as interrupts:
0 Change from motor movement to motor stop on all the motors.
– Change from the state in which at least one motor has more than the offset
remaining to state where no motor has more than the offset remaining.
1 Change from the state of the movement of the motors 1 though 8 to a state in
which they are stalled or fail to move (motor error).
L1 . . . L8 When limit switch (1 through 8) goes from OFF to ON state.
K1 . . . K8 When limit switch (1 through 8) goes from ON to OFF state.
I1 . . . I8 When input (1 through 8) goes from OFF to ON state.
J1 . . . J8 When input (1 through 8) goes from ON to OFF state.
Refer to the uni-directional command X for disabling the interrupt mode.
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Special Bi-Directional Commands
Controller response to the special bi-directional commands is two bytes in binary
code.
Check Remainder of Motor Movement
a Q
Q Designates a check remainder of motor movement command.
On receipt of Q, the controller will check the quantity of motion remaining to be
performed by the motor, as stored in the register of that motor.
The controller response is in two bytes because robot axis motion is measured in
thousands of encoder pulses. Since a maximum remaining quanity is 8000, the
controller’s response will be transmitted as follows:
(1) Division of the 14-bit response into 2 bytes of 7 bits each.
(2) Addition of an eighth bit, with a value of 1, to each byte, to serve as most
signficant bit (MSB).
(3) Transmission of the two bytes to the host computer – first the most significant
byte, then the least significant byte, with no transmission between or following the
two bytes.
Check Remainder of Motor Movement
(following Emergency Brake)
a Z
Z Designates a check remainder of motor movement command following
emergency brake.
The Z command is identical to the Q command, with the following exception. The
Q command is used while the robot is in motion. The Z command is used only
after an emergency brake command, to update the present position of the robot
motor (relative to the start of the programmed motion).
9211

Switching the Communication Ports
As explained in the section, “Connecting the Teach Pendant to the Controller,” in
Chapter 5, the controller normally transmits through the lower RS-232C port to
the computer. When the teach pendant is connected to the system, transmission is
automatically routed through the upper RS-232C port (to the teach pendant.)
To transfer programs between the teach pendant and the computer, the controller
produces an echo; that is, transmissions entering through the upper port are
transmitted by the controller to the lower port, and vice versa.
The commands which enable communication between the teach pendant and the
external computer are as follows:
F Switches the transmission line of the controller from the current port to other port.
After the switching, the ASCII code F is transmitted through the new current
transmission line.
G, H,
J, K
Lifts the Load-Save flag to the ON state. The character is then transmitted through
the current transmission line.
When the flag is on, every byte which reaches the controller with its most significant
bit (MSB) equal to 1 is transmitted through the current transmission line of the
controller. (MSB = 1, indicates data to be transmitted by controller; MSB = 0,
denotes a command for controller execution.)
If the flag is off, the controller does not check the MSB.
G Transmits programs between TP and computer.
H Transmits positions between TP and computer.
J TP requests programs from computer.
K TP request positions from computer.
D Denotes end of command. Drops the Load–Save flag to the OFF state. The
controller then transmits the ASCII code D through the current transmission line.
9211

9211

APPENDIX B
Controller-Computer RS232
Setup
The robot controller contains a microprocessor which runs under the control of an
external computer. The two units communicate by means of RS232 connections.
SCORBOT-ER III RS232 Specifications
• Baud rate: 9600
• Data bits: 8
• Stop bits: 2
• No parity
The two D25 ports are located at the rear of the controller (see Figure 3-2). The
lower port connects the controller to the computer. The upper port connects the
controller to the teach pendant.
Between these ports are two LEDs marked TX (for transmission) and RX (for
reception). These LEDs flicker as signals pass through the RS232 cable, signifying
that communication between SCORBOT and computer is occuring.
Note: The computer and the teach pendant can be connected to the controller at
the same time, only if SCORBASE Level 4 has been loaded. Refer to the section,
“Connecting the Teach Pendant to the Controller,” in Chapter 5.
USER’S MANUAL SCORBOT-ER III B-1
9211

RS232 Cable Connections
When a computer (IBM PC or compatible) is used to operate the SCORBOT-ER III,
the RS232 cable connections should be as listed in the chart below. Pin functions
are as follows:
Pin 2: Transmission
Pin 3: Reception
Pin 7: Signal Ground
PC Computer
(D25 female connector)
SCORBOT-ER III Controller
(D25 male connector)
Pin 2
Pin 3
Pin 7
Pin 4 to Pin 5
Pin 6 to Pin 8 and 20
to Pin 3
to Pin 2
to Pin 7
Other computers and terminals may require different RS232 connections. Check
the manufacturer’s specifications.
RS232 Card Setup
1. All Eshed Robotec software packages are set with the first serial port as COM1
and require that the RS232 communication interrupt is enabled (see Figure 3-3).
Configuration
Serial Port 1 = COM 1
DIP switch position
1 ON
COM1 interrupt (IRQ4) 5 ON
6 OFF
2. All Eshed Robotec software packages can be modified for use with the COM2 port,
by adding the option /C2 when activating the software.
For example, for regular operation of SCORBASE Level 3, type:
SCOR3 <Enter>
For use of SCORBASE Level 3 with the COM2 port, type:
SCOR3 /C2 <Enter>
When using COM2, make sure the interrupt for that port is enabled, and make
sure the RS232 card is properly configured. Check the manufacturer’s
specifications.
B-2 SCORBOT-ER III USER’S MANUAL
9211

APPENDIX C
Input/Output Applications
Inputs
Figure C-1 shows the internal interface circuitry of a SCORBOT-ER III input.
Figure C-1: Input Application 1
USER’S MANUAL SCORBOT–ER III C-1
9211

Figure C-2 and Figure C-3 show the connection of a SCORBOT-ER III input to an
external output.
In Figure C-2, the external machine is an open collector, NPN type, with a
grounded emitter.
In Figure C-3, the external machine is an open collector, PNP type, with emitter
connected to + V.
Figure C-2: Input - Application 2
Figure C-3: Input - Application 3
C-2 SCORBOT–ER III USER’S MANUAL
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Relay Outputs (Outputs 1–4)
Figure C-4 shows the OFF and ON states of a SCORBOT-ER III relay output.
Figure C-5 shows the connection of a SCORBOT relay output to an external input.
Note: The connection of + V or GND depends on the machine logic of operation,
and can be reversed.
Open Collector Outputs (Outputs 5–8)
Figure C-6 shows an open collector output with a suggested application. The open
collector output transistor is ULN2003 (NPN).
Figure C-7 shows the connection of a SCORBOT open collector output to an
external input. The external machine expects a low voltage level or ground (0 –
1.5V) for ON activation.
Figure C-4: Relay Output States
Figure C-5: Relay Output - Application
USER’S MANUAL SCORBOT–ER III C-3
9211

Figure C-8 shows the connection of a SCORBOT open collector output to an
external input. The external machine expects a high voltage level (2.5 – 24V) for
ON activation.
Figure C-8: Open Collector Output – Application 3
C-4 SCORBOT–ER III USER’S MANUAL
9211

APPENDIX D
Wiring
Controller Wiring
Figure D-1 shows the wiring which connects the circuits within the controller.
Robot – Controller Connections
The cable which connects the controller to the robot motors, encoders and
microswitches contains 50 leads in 25 pairs. In each pair one lead is either white
or yellow.
The five motors on the robot body and their encoders are connected directly to the
D50 connector, whereas the gripper motor and the microswitches on the arm are
not.
A square 12-pin connector (Molex CC7F12I3) on the base of the robot is used for
connecting special flexible leads to the gripper and the forearm. These leads are
resistant to breakage, even after extensive movement of the robot arm.
Each encoder contains a small printed circuit (PC500).
Table D-1 details the wiring between the various electrical components and the
50-pin connector. The table lists the robot arm signals, the colors of the leads, and
the pin number in the D50 connector. The table also includes the Molex 12-pin
and PC500 wiring.
USER’S MANUAL SCORBOT-ER III D-1
9211

Figure D-1: Controller Internal Wiring
D-2 SCORBOT-ER III USER’S MANUAL
9211

Table D-1: Wiring to Motors, Encoders and Microswitches
Molex 12 Pin Encoder Printed
Robot Arm Signals D50 Connector Connector Circuit (PC500)
Motor # Encoder Microswitch # Colors Pin # Colors Pin # Pad #
1 – white 50
+ grey/green 17
2 – white 49
+ white/green 16
3 – white 48
+ orange/brown 15
4 – white 47
+ orange/green 14
5 – white 46
+ orange/grey 13
Grp – white 45 grey 8
+ orange/blue 12 yellow 7
1 GND white 33 1
P1 white/grey 5 3
1 VLED yellow 11 2
P0 brown 2 4
2 GND white 32 1
P1 white/orange 21 3
2 VLED yellow 27 2
P0 grey 1 4
3 GND white 31 1
P1 brown/blue 4 3
3 VLED yellow 10 2
P0 green 36 4
4 GND white 30 1
P1 green/brown 20 3
4 VLED yellow 26 2
P0 orange 35 4
9211

Molex 12 Pin Encoder Printed
Robot Arm Signals D50 Connector Connector Circuit (PC500)
Motor # Encoder Microswitch # Colors Pin # Colors Pin # Pad #
5 GND white 29 1
P1 green/blue 3 3
5 VLED yellow 9 2
P0 blue 18 4
Grp GND white 28 black 12 1
P1 grey/blue 19 green 11 3
Grp VLED white 25 yellow 10 2
P0 white/blue 34 brown 9 4
1 GND white 33
MS brown 23
2 GND white 32
MS grey 7
3 GND white 31 white 1
MS orange 24 white 2
4 GND white 30 blue 3
MS green 8 blue 4
5 GND white 29 orange 5
MS blue 6 orange 6
not connected grp GND white 28
MS brown/grey 22
9211

Single Axis Wiring
In addition to the six motors
on the robot arm, the
controller can control two
other motors, which can be
used for operating
mechanical equipment and
accessories such as
conveyors and rotary tables.
The additional motors are
connected to the D9 female
connectors, marked
MOTOR 6 and MOTOR 7 on
the controller’s front panel.
For additional information
about SCORBOT-ER III
motors, see Appendix F,
“The Motor Kit.”
Figure D-2 shows the leads to the motor and encoder. Table D-2 details the wiring
in the D9 connector which connects a motor and the controller.
Table D-2: Single Axis Wiring with D9 Connector
Lead Color in D9 Connector Encoder Circuit
Function External Cable Pin # (PC500) Pad #
Power Motor (+ ) red 1
Power Motor (–) green 9
Phototransistor 0 brown 8 4
Phototransistor 1 white 6 3
VLED yellow 3 2
Ground Logic (GND) black 5 1
Microswitch orange 4
Note: GND and VLED are always connected to pads 1 and 2, respectively, on the
encoder printed circuit (PC500). GND is also connected to the shield on the D9
connector. The phototransistors, P0 and P1, are always connected to pads 4 and 3,
respectively.
Figure D-2: Motor Wiring
9211

9211

APPENDIX E
The Optical Encoders
The SCORBOT-ER III uses two kinds of optical encoders. The encoders on motors
1 through 5 differ from those on motors 6 through 8.
Figure E-1 shows the two kinds of encoder disks.
• The encoder disk with six slots
(at left) is used on the robot arm
motors.
• The encoder disk with three
slots (at right) is used on the
gripper and accessories such as
the conveyor, rotary table or
linear slide base.
Figure E-2 shows the encoder circuitry. It comprises a printed circuit board
(PC500), two LEDs, and two phototransistors (P0 and P1).
The circuitry of the two kinds of encoders differs in two ways:
1. Difference in the height of the
electronic components above the
printed circuit board surface.
• In the encoder with a six-slot
disk the components are 8.2 mm
± 0.1 mm above the board.
• In the encoder with a three-slot
disk the height is 6.7 mm
± 0.1 mm.
It is extremely important to maintain
the exact height of the components.
Figure E-3 shows how to measure
Figure E-1: Encoder Disks
Figure E-2: Encoder Circuitry
USER’S MANUAL SCORBOT-ER III E-1
9211

the distance between the board and
the LED or phototransistor.
2. Difference in the colors of the
printed circuit boards.
• In the encoder with a six-slot
disk, there is no solder mask
covering the board. The board
is a beige color.
• In the encoder with a three-slot
disk, the mask is green and the
number 3 is printed on the
board.
Figure E-4 shows how the circuitry
fits into the encoder housing.
Figure E-4: Encoder Assembly
Figure E-3: Height of Electronic Components
E-2 SCORBOT-ER III USER’S MANUAL
9211

APPENDIX F
The Motor Kit
The motor kit unit is a complete unit ready to connect axes 6 and 7 to the controller.
The motor is identical to the SCORBOT-ER III motors. It comprises a DC servo
motor, an optical encoder with a three-slot rotating disk, and a connecting cable
with a D9 connector (see Figure F-1). It has a gear ratio of 127.7 : 1.
The motor kit allows the
quick and easy integration
of external devices into the
robot system. The output
shaft of the motor must be
mechanically connected to
the device you wish to
drive. Electronically, you
need only to connect the
motor to either of the
terminals on the controller
front panel, marked
MOTOR 6 and MOTOR 7.
Activate the motor using
SCORBASE software; no
additional programming is
needed.
A number of applications are made possible through the use of a motor kit. For
example, it can be used to:
• Drive a slidebase, rotating table or conveyor.
• Operate an elevator.
• Control the flow rate of a tap or valve.
• Operate wheels on which robot is mounted.
• Operate a small tracked vehicle (which brings and removes materials to and
from a work station).
Figure F-1: The Motor Kit
USER’S MANUAL SCORBOT-ER III F-1
9211

To drive a two-axis device, use two motor kits connected to the system as motors
6 and 7.
When your application does not require precise movement, you can use the motor
kit in an open-loop system. Connect the pair of leads from the motor to an external
12VDC, 1-2 amp power supply, and do not connect the cable to the controller.
However, you will probably need a proximity or optical sensors to synchronize the
robot and the external device. It is recommended that you switch the current to the
motors through one of the relay output terminals on the controller.
When your application requires a DC motor more powerful than the one in the
motor kit, you can fit the encoder onto a different motor (provided the motor shaft
matches the encoder hole) and connect the encoder leads to the motor.
If you use a motor kit from another source, or if you connect the motor kit to
another kind of controller, you must assume full responsibility for the connections.
Make sure they are in accordance with the motor kit specifications:
Motor
• 12 VDC nominal voltage.
• 2 amp maximum..
Optical Encoder
• Two channel quadrature output.
• Open collector outputs.
• Emitting diodes fed by 5V supply with a 39 ohm resistor in series.
The resistor is not included in the encoder. Connecting 5V directly to the
encoder will damage it.
Cable Wiring (D9 Connector)
Pin Function
1 Motor (+ )
9 Motor (–)
8 Photo Detector
6 Photo Detector
3 VLED
5 Ground Logic (GND)
4 Microswitch *
* If you want to use a microswitch in order to determine a Home position for the
motor, connect the microswitch to pins 4 and 5.
F-2 SCORBOT-ER III USER’S MANUAL
9211

APPENDIX G
The Rotary Table
A rotary table lets you simulate an
automatic industrial work station.
The rotary table adds a degree of
freedom to the robotic system and
enables the positioning of work
pieces so the robot can reach them
(see Figure G-1).
The rotary table can be used for
assembly operations or materials
handling. It can also be shared, as
in a two-robot system where one
robot loads and unloads the
workpieces onto the rotary table,
and the other robot performs the
machining operation.
A motor kit within the table’s
stationary base activates the
rotating plate in both clockwise and
counterclockwise directions. The motor has a gear ratio of 426 : 1.
The diameter of the rotating plate is a 305 mm (12"). The plate has four metal
frames, or jigs, to prevent the slippage or sliding of work pieces during table
movement. The internal dimensions of the jigs are 50 mm2, 40 mm2 and 30 mm2.
Connect the D9 connector on the motor cable to either one of the MOTOR terminals
on the controller’s front panel. SCORBASE will then recognize the rotary table as
either axis 6 or axis 7.
The rotary table finds its home position by means of a microswitch under the
rotating plate. Unlike the microswitches on the robot arm, however, the
microswitch on the rotary table is normally depressed, and is released at the home
position. Take note of this reversal when making electrical connections.
Figure G-1: The Rotary Table
USER’S MANUAL SCORBOT-ER III G-1
9211

In most robotic applications involving a rotary table, the table must rotate at fixed
intervals. To enable periodic movement, use the SCORBASE command (available
in Level 3): SET AXIS #. TO ZERO (where # is the axis number).
Use the Home menu in SCORBASE to define and home the rotary table.
G-2 SCORBOT-ER III USER’S MANUAL
9211

APPENDIX H
The Conveyor
The conveyor accessory expands the robotic system to simulate an industrial work
cell. Its main applications are delivering and removing workpieces to and from the
robot, and identifying the arrival of a part to the work station (see Figure H-1).
The conveyor is 810 mm long and 100 mm wide. Its metal base has a PVC belt
driven by a motor kit with a gear ratio of 65.5 : 1. Supports on each side enable
assembly of the conveyor at various heights and angles (maximum of 5 degrees).
A number of holes along the length of conveyor enable the attachment of proximity
and optical sensors.
The conveyor can be connected as an additional servo axis. Connect the D9
connector on the motor cable to either one of the MOTOR terminals on the
controller’s front panel. SCORBASE will then recognize the conveyor as either
axis 6 or axis 7.
The conveyor can also be installed as an open loop device, using an external 12V
source on the motor terminals.
Figure H-1: The Conveyor
USER’S MANUAL SCORBOT-ER III H-1
9211

H-2 SCORBOT-ER III USER’S MANUAL
9211

APPENDIX I
The Experiment (Microswitch) Table
The experiment table is an accessory for demonstrating the concepts of inputs and
outputs. You can practice the operation of four controller inputs and two controller
outputs.
The table contains microswitches, and a buzzer and a lamp which are powered by
two 1.5V AA batteries mounted within the table (see Figure I-1).
The experiment table’s operating cable contains 12 wires, as follows:
Inputs (Black sleeve wiring):
Input 1: purple, gray
Input 2: green, blue
Input 3: yellow, orange
Input 4: brown, red
To connect a table microswitch to a controller input, select the appropriate pair of
wires and connect one wire to ground and one wire to the input tab.
Outputs (Red sleeve wiring):
Lamp: brown, red
Buzzer: black, white
Figure I-1: The Experiment Table
USER’S MANUAL SCORBOT-ER III I-1
9211

The ends of all output wires are insulated to prevent accidental activation of buzzer
and/or lamp.
To connect the buzzer or lamp to a relay output, select the appropriate pair of wires
and connect one wire to COM and the other to NO.
Figure I-2 shows the connections of the lamp and buzzer to the outputs.
Figure I-2: Lamp and Buzzer Connections
I-2 SCORBOT-ER III USER’S MANUAL
9211

APPENDIX J
The Linear Slidebase
The linear slidebase (LSB) serves to mobilize the robot and significantly extend
its working range. This allows the use of the robot in applications which require
it to serve more than one machine or station (see Figure J-1).
Two models of the linear slidebase are available: 48"(1240 mm); 72" (1860 mm).
The slidebase can fastened to the work surface by means of predrilled mounting
holes.
The linear slidebase is driven by a DC servo motor with a gear ratio of 5.9 : 1.
Connect the D9 connector on the motor cable to either one of the MOTOR terminals
on the controller’s front panel. SCORBASE will then recognize the slidebase as
either axis 6 or axis 7.
Use the Home menu in SCORBASE to define and home the connected linear
slidebase.
Figure J-1: The Linear Slidebase
USER’S MANUAL SCORBOT-ER III J-1
9211

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