![61. Neighborhood = పొరుగువారి ప్రాంతం – పక్కన ఉన్న ప్రాంతం
62. Schoolyard = పాఠశాల ఆవరణ – ఆడుకునే స్థలం
63. Flashing = మెరుస్తూ – మెరిసే
64. Fractions = భిన్నాలు – భాగాలు
65. Loved = ప్రేమించాడు – సంతోషంగా అభిమానం చూపించాడు
Thinking about the Text:
Activity:
Calculate how many years and months ahead from now Margie’s diary
entry is.
Answer:
Margie's diary entry is 134 years and 11 months ahead from now.
[Clue: The answer is to be calculated by deducting the present date from the
date of Margie’s diary entry. Clue: The date of Margie's diary entry is 17 May
2157. Take the present date as 17 June 2013.]
I. Answer these questions in a few words or a couple of sentences each.
1. How old are Margie and Tommy?
A: Margie is a girl of eleven years old and Tommy is a boy of thirteen-years old.
2. What did Margie write in her diary?
A: In her diary, Margie wrote that day Tommy had found a real book!”.
3. Had Margie ever seen a book before?
A: No, she had never seen a real book before.
4. What things about the book did she find strange?
Answer - Margie found the following things are strange about the book found
by Tommy.
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1. The Fun They Had complete notes for students
- 1. 1. The Fun They Had Meanings: 1. MARGIE = మార్జీ – ఒక అమ్మాయి పేరు 2. Diary = డైరీ – వ్యక్తిగత నమోదులు 3. Headed = శీర్షిక – శీర్షిక పెట్టబడిన 4. Real = నిజమైన – వాస్తవమైన 5. Book = పుస్తకం – సంపుటి 6. Very old = చాలా పాతది – పురాతనమైన 7. Grandfather = తాత – పెద్దతాత 8. Exist = ఉనికిలో ఉండటం – జీవించటం 9. Virtual = వాస్తవిక – అనుభూతిపరమైన 10. Imagine = ఊహించు – అభిప్రాయపడటం 11. Printed = ముద్రించబడిన – అచ్చు వేసిన 12. Yellow and crinkly = పసుపు రంగు మరియు ముడతలుగా – పాతదిగా, ముడతలు పడినట్లు 13. Screen = తెర – ప్రదర్శనా ప్యానెల్ 14. Waste = వృథా – అనవసర వినియోగం 15. Television = టెలివిజన్ – దూరదర్శిని, T.V 16. Telebooks = టెలీబుక్స్ – ఎలక్ట్రానిక్ పుస్తకాలు 17. Attic = ఎటిక్ – పైకప్పుకు కిందనున్న స్థలం, అటక 18. Scornful = నిర్దాక్షిణ్యంగా – తొలగింపు భావనతో 19. Mechanical teacher = యంత్ర ఉపాధ్యాయుడు – ఆటోమేటెడ్ టీచర్ 20. Geography = భూగోళ శాస్త్రం – భూమిపై ప్రదేశాల అధ్యయనం 21. Inspector = పరిశీలకుడు – పరీక్షకుడు 22. Dials and wires = డయల్స్ మరియు వైర్లు – సూచకాలు మరియు వైర్లు 23. Apple = ఆపిల్ – పండు 24. Lessons = పాఠాలు – బోధనలు 25. Questions = ప్రశ్నలు – విచారణలు 26. Funny = ఆసక్తికరమైన 27. Slot = స్లాట్ – ఓపెనింగ్ లేదా రంధ్రం (పెన్ డ్రైవ్ వేసే స్థలం) 1 | P a g e
- 2. 28. Homework = హోమ్ వర్క్ – గృహ కార్యం 29. Punch code = పంచ్ కోడ్ – సంకేతీకరణ పద్ధతి 30. Calculated = లెక్కించబడిన – గణించబడిన 31. Geography sector = భూగోళ విభాగం – ప్రదేశాల అధ్యయన విభాగం 32. Geared = సర్దుబాటు చేసిన – అమర్చిన 33. Progress = పురోగతి – అభివృద్ధి 34. Disappointed = నిరాశ చెందిన – మోసపోయిన భావన 35. Blanked out = పనిచేయడం మానేసింది – విఫలమైంది 36. Superior = గర్వంగా ఉండే – అహంకారంగా 37. Centuries = శతాబ్దాలు – వందల సంవత్సరాలు 38. Hurt = గాయమైంది – బాధ పుట్టింది 39. Shoulder = భుజం – శరీర భాగం 40. Loftily = గర్వంగా – తక్కువ అంచనాతో 41. Regular = సాధారణంగా – నియమితంగా 42. Dispute = వాదన – వివాదం 43. Strange = వింత – తెలియని 44. Screamed = అరిచాడు – బిగ్గరగా చెప్పాడు 45. Laughter = నవ్వు – హాస్యం 46. Adjusted = సర్దుబాటు చేసాడు – అనుగుణంగా మార్చడం 47. Differently = భిన్నంగా – వేరుగా 48. Nonchalantly = నిర్లక్ష్యంగా – శీతలంగా 49. Whistling = వీణివాయించు – ఊపిరి ద్వారా శబ్దం 50. Dusty = ధూళితో నిండి ఉన్న – కలుషితమైన 51. Tucked = దాచాడు – చక్కగా పెట్టాడు 52. Schoolroom = తరగతి గది – పాఠశాల గది 53. Mechanical = యాంత్రిక – యంత్రాల ద్వారా పనిచేసే 54. Waiting = ఎదురు చూస్తూ – నిరీక్షణలో 55. Probably = బహుశా – కావొచ్చు 56. Regular hours = నియమిత సమయాలు – స్థిరమైన సమయం 57. Arithmetic = అంకగణితం – లెక్కలు 58. Addition = కలుపుట – లెక్కలలో చేర్పు 59. Proper fractions = సరిగ్గా భిన్నాలు – పూర్తి కాకపోయిన భాగాలు 60. Sigh = నిట్టూర్పు – లోతైన ఊపిరి 2 | P a g e
- 3. 61. Neighborhood = పొరుగువారి ప్రాంతం – పక్కన ఉన్న ప్రాంతం 62. Schoolyard = పాఠశాల ఆవరణ – ఆడుకునే స్థలం 63. Flashing = మెరుస్తూ – మెరిసే 64. Fractions = భిన్నాలు – భాగాలు 65. Loved = ప్రేమించాడు – సంతోషంగా అభిమానం చూపించాడు Thinking about the Text: Activity: Calculate how many years and months ahead from now Margie’s diary entry is. Answer: Margie's diary entry is 134 years and 11 months ahead from now. [Clue: The answer is to be calculated by deducting the present date from the date of Margie’s diary entry. Clue: The date of Margie's diary entry is 17 May 2157. Take the present date as 17 June 2013.] I. Answer these questions in a few words or a couple of sentences each. 1. How old are Margie and Tommy? A: Margie is a girl of eleven years old and Tommy is a boy of thirteen-years old. 2. What did Margie write in her diary? A: In her diary, Margie wrote that day Tommy had found a real book!”. 3. Had Margie ever seen a book before? A: No, she had never seen a real book before. 4. What things about the book did she find strange? Answer - Margie found the following things are strange about the book found by Tommy. 3 | P a g e
- 4. (a) The words printed on the book stood still instead of moving the way they did on a screen in their telebooks. (b) The words on pages always remained the same as the first time they were read. (c) The idea that someone would write a book about schools 5. What do you think a telebook is? Answer - A book which is read or displayed on a computer screen is called a telebook. 6. (a) Where was Margie’s school? (b) Did she have any classmates? A: (a) Margie had no separate school. Her home is her school. It was right next to her bedroom. (b) No, she did not have any classmates. 7. What subjects did Margie and Tommy learn? A: Margie and Tommy learned three subjects. They were geography, history and arithmetic. II. Answer the following with reference to the story. 1. “I wouldn’t throw it away.” (i) Who says these words? A: Tommy says these words. Or Tommy is the speaker of these words. (ii) What does ‘it’ refer to? A: 'It' refers to the television screen, on which learners could read over a million books (iii) What is it being compared with by the speaker? A: Tommy compares the television screen with the real books. 2. “Sure they had a teacher, but it wasn’t a regular teacher. It was a man.” (i) Who does ‘they’ refer to? Answer - They refer to the students who studied in schools. 4 | P a g e
- 5. (ii) What does ‘regular’ mean here? A: Here, 'regular' refers to the mechanical teachers like computers. (iii) What is it contrasted with? A: ‘It’ refers to the mechanical teacher. It is contrasted with the human teacher of the earlier times. III. Answer each of these questions in a short paragraph (about 30 words). 1. What kind of teachers did Margie and Tommy have? A: Margie and Tommy had no human teachers. They had mechanical teachers. They were computers with preloaded lessons on different subjects. They lessons were according to the learner’s level. Whenever they got malfunctioned, they were opened and repaired. 2. Why did Margie’s mother send for the County Inspector? A: Due to a malfunction in the mechanical teacher, Margie was failing the geography tests repeatedly. So Margie’s mother called the County Inspector to check Margie’s teaching machine and fix the problem. 3. What did he (the Country Inspector) do? Answer - The County Inspector repaired the computer teacher. He opened the machine and found that the Geography sector was set on a higher level. He fixed the problem and reset it to Margie’s level in the computer. 4. Why was Margie doing badly in geography? What did the County Inspector do to help her? A: Due to a malfunction in the mechanical teacher, Margie was failing the geography tests repeatedly. The County Inspector repaired the computer teacher. He opened the machine and found that the Geography sector was set on a higher level. He fixed the problem and reset it to Margie’s level in the computer. The County Inspector told Margie’s mother that Margie was not at fault. Her progress was good. 5. What had once happened to Tommy’s teacher? 5 | P a g e
- 6. A: Once Tommy’s mechanical teacher had a fault and the entire section on history had been deleted. His teacher was taken for repairs and it took them a month to set it right. 6.Did Margie have regular days and hours for school? If so, why? A: Margie had regular days and hours for her study except on Saturdays and Sundays. It was her mother’s advice to study the lessons at the same time daily to learn them in a better way. 7. How does Tommy describe the old kind of school? A: Tommy thought that the old kind of school was located at a special place and it had human teachers. They used to teach the students a few thins and gave them home work. They used to ask them a few questions. The human teachers were as knowledgeable as the mechanical teachers. 8. How does he (Tommy) describe the old kind of teachers? A: Tommy says that the old kind of teachers were human beings. They were not mechanical. They do everything manually. IV. Answer each of these questions in two or three paragraphs (100 –150 words). 1. What are the main features of the mechanical teachers and the schoolrooms that Margie and Tommy have in the story? A: Margie and Tommy were the students of future generation. They had no human teachers. They had mechanical teachers. They had large black screens in place of blackboards. Their lessons were shown and questions were asked on the digital screens. They had a slot in which students had to put their homework and test papers. The lessons were arranged according to their levels. They had to write their answers in a punch code and the mechanical teacher would calculate the marks within no time. Their schools were not away from their homes. They did not sit among a large number of learners in special classrooms. Their schools were in their homes itself. They did not have any classmates. They learned geography, history and arithmetic. They had regular days and hours for school. Margie's school was right next to her bedroom. The mechanical teacher always turned on at the same time every day except Saturdays and Sundays. 6 | P a g e
- 7. 2. Why did Margie hate school? Why did she think the old kind of school must have been fun? A: Margie was an 11-year-old girl. She did not like her school because it was not fun. She had a mechanical teacher (a computer) that taught her every day at the same time. She was not doing well in her geography tests, and her mother was worried. So, her mother called the County Inspector to check the machine. Margie hoped the Inspector would take the machine away, but he fixed it instead. She felt sad because she did not like the machine. Margie also hated the homework and tests given by the mechanical teacher. She didn’t like writing answers in punch code (a kind of computer code). She thought that the old schools must have been fun. She imagined children from the neighbourhood going to school together, playing, laughing, and sitting in the same classroom. They could help each other with homework and talk to each other. The teachers were real people, who could understand their problems and feelings. That’s why Margie believed that the old schools were much better and more enjoyable. 3. Do you agree with Margie that schools today are more fun than the school in the story? Give reasons for your answer. Answer : Yes, I agree with Margie. Today’s schools are more fun than the school in the story. In today’s schools, students and teachers talk to each other. But in the story, the teacher is a machine, and there is no talking or discussion. Learning from a human teacher is more interesting than learning from a computer. Doing homework without help and writing it in a punch code would be very difficult and boring. In real schools, if students have any doubts, they can ask teachers or friends for help. When students go to school, they also make friends and learn how to behave with others. They learn to share, respect, and be kind. They also get to play games, take part in sports and other activities, which is fun and important. In the story, the machine checks the test marks immediately. So, students do not feel the excitement of waiting for their results. Also, they don’t get to know how others are doing in their studies. 7 | P a g e
- 8. They also miss the fun of learning together and understanding each other. So, I think today’s schools are better and more fun than the school in the story. Thinking about Language I. Adverbs Read this sentence taken from the story: They had once taken Tommy’s teacher away for nearly a month because the history sector had blanked out completely. The word complete is an adjective. When you add –ly to it, it becomes an adverb. 1. Find the sentences in the lesson which have the adverbs given in the box below. awfully, sorrowfully, completely, loftily, carefully, differently, quickly, nonchalantly 1. They turned the pages, which were yellow and crinkly, and it was awfully funny to read words that stood still instead of moving the way they were supposed to − on a screen, you know. 2. The mechanical teacher had been giving her test after test in geography and she had been doing worse and worse until her mother had shaken her head sorrowfully and sent for the County Inspector. 3. They had once taken Tommy’s teacher away for nearly a month because the history sector had blanked out completely. 4. He added loftily, pronouncing the word carefully, “Centuries ago.” 5. “But my mother says a teacher has to be adjusted to fit the mind of each boy and girl it teaches and that each kid has to be taught differently.” 8 | P a g e
- 9. 6. “I didn’t say I didn’t like it,” Margie said quickly. 7. “May be,” he said nonchalantly. Meanings of the Adverbs: awfully : terribly భయంకరంగా sorrowfully : sadly భాదాకరంగా completely : fully పూర్తిగా loftily : in a superior way గంభీరంగా carefully : cautiously జాగ్రత్తగా differently : in a different way భిన్నంగా quickly : fast త్వరగా nonchalantly : casually / indifferently నిర్మొహమాటంగా 2. Now use these adverbs to fill in the blanks in the sentences below. Answers: (i) The report must be read carefully so that performance can be improved. (ii) (At the interview, Sameer answered our questions loftily, shrugging his shoulders. (iii) We all behave differently when we are tired or hungry. (iv) The teacher shook her head sorrowfully when Ravi lied to her. (v) I completely forgot about it. (vi) When I complimented Revathi on her success, she just smiled nonchalantly and turned away. (vii) The President of the Company is awfully busy and will not be able to meet you. (viii) I finished my work quickly so that I could go out to play. Remember: 9 | P a g e
- 10. An adverb describes action. You can form adverbs by adding –ly to adjectives. Spelling Note: When an adjective ends in –y, the y changes to i when you add –ly to form an adverb. For example: angr-y - angr-i-ly 3. Make adverbs from these adjectives. Adjectives Adverbs (i) angry - angrily (ii) happy - happily (iii) merry - merrily (iv) sleepy - sleepily (v) easy - easily (vi) noisy - noisily (vii) tidy - tidily (viii) gloomy - gloomily II. If Not and Unless • Imagine that Margie’s mother told her, “You’ll feel awful if you don’t finish your history lesson.” • She could also say: “You’ll feel awful unless you finish your history lesson.” Unless means if not. Sentences with unless or if not are negative conditional sentences. Notice that these sentences have two parts. The part that begins with if not or unless tells us the condition. This part has a verb in the present tense (look at the verbs don’t finish, finish in the sentences above). The other part of the sentence tells us about a possible result. It tells us what will happen (if something else doesn’t happen). The verb in this part of the sentence is in the future tense (you’ll feel/you will feel ). Notice these two tenses again in the following examples. 10 | P a g e
- 11. Future Tense Present Tense • There won’t be any books left unless we preserve them. • You won’t learn your lessons if you don’t study regularly. • Tommy will have an accident unless he drives more slowly. Complete the following conditional sentences. Use the correct form of the verb. Answer 1. If I don’t go to Anu’s party tonight, she will feel unhappy. 2. If you don’t telephone the hotel to order food, you will have to starve this evening. 3. Unless you promise to write back, I will never be in touch with you. 4. If she doesn’t play any games, she will not be healthy. 5. Unless that little bird flies away quickly, the cat will attack it. Writing A new revised volume of Issac Asimov’s short stories has just been released. Order one set. Write a letter to the publisher, Mindfame Private Limited, 1632 Asaf Ali Road, New Delhi, requesting that a set be sent to you by Value Payable Post (VPP), and giving your address. Your letter will have the following parts. • Addresses of the sender and receiver • The salutation • The body of the letter • The closing phrases and signature Answer: House No. 42-2/5 Voletivari Palem 12 July 2025 The Manager 11 | P a g e
- 12. Mindfame Private Limited 1632, Asaf Ali Road New Delhi Sir, Subject: Order of Isaac Asimov's revised volume of short stories I came to know that Isaac Asimov's revised volume of short stories have been recently released. This is to place an order for one set of those books. The details of the required books have been given below: Name of the Book Author Quantity Revised volume of short stories Isaac Asimov One set Though the books are easily available in the market, I prefer buying the books from your prestigious publication house. Kindly send me the parcel Value Payable Post (VPP) at the earliest. I shall be highly thankful if you kindly give me appropriate discount. Looking forward to receiving the parcel by next week. Yours sincerely, Sakshitha Speaking In groups of four discuss the following topic. ‘The Schools of the Future Will Have No Books and No Teachers!’ Answer - In favour of the statement Good morning everyone! I am happy to share my thoughts on the topic “School of the future will have no books and no teacher.” I agree with this idea. I strongly feel that in the future, computers will take over everything, even education. 12 | P a g e
- 13. Today, computers are used in every field. They are fast, helpful, and save time. In schools too, computers have brought big changes. Teaching is becoming easier and more fun with the help of smart boards and interactive screens. These save time and make learning colourful and interesting. In the future, there will be no need for notebooks or blackboards. All the learning material can be stored in a computer and students can open it anytime they want. They can even share knowledge with others easily. Students will use the internet to learn new things quickly. This is a new way of learning, and it is changing education. Right now, teachers use computers to teach, but in the future, computers will be smart enough to teach on their own, without teachers. Even in our state, Andhra Pradesh, the government has given Samsung Tabs to 8th class students. These tabs have Byju’s content, which helps students learn. In some schools, virtual classrooms are also used where students can talk to teachers through a screen like a real classroom. In the coming years, students will learn using fully digital lessons. The lessons will match each student’s level and needs. There will be no need for books or human teachers. These are the reasons why I believe that the school of the future will have no books and no teacher. Thank you all! Answer - Against the statement Good morning all of you! I am glad to use this opportunity to express my views on ‘School of the future will have no books and no teacher’. I would like to speak against the motion. I strongly feel as long as there is education, there will be human teachers and books. Even though artificial intelligence is available, teachers will always remain indispensable. I say computers can never make the lesson plans themselves. They can only process the man-made data. They don’t have any creativity that a dedicated teacher has. They cannot express feelings or emotions. 13 | P a g e
- 14. Computers cannot write new books on any subject. They always depend on human beings. I strongly differ from opponents who think school of future won’t have books and teachers. I finish my speech by saying that as long as there will be schools, there will be teachers and books. Thank you one and all. The Road Not Taken Meanings: WORD MEANING IN TELUGU diverged ఒక మార్గం నుండి విడిపోయి వేరే మార్గంలో వెళ్ళింది yellow wood ఎండిన పసుపు రంగు ఆకులతో వున్నా అడవి 14 | P a g e
- 15. bent తిరిగింది undergrowth గుబురుగా పెరిగిన చెట్లు మరియు మొక్కలు fair చాలా బాగుంది perhaps బహుశా a better claim మంచి ఎంపిక trodden నడిచిన grassy గడ్డితో నిండి ఉంది /ఉపయోగించని wanted wear గడ్డి with a sigh గట్టిగా ఊపిరి తీసుకోను, ఉపసమనం పొందు ages and ages సుదీర్ఘ కాలం hence భవిష్యత్తులో less travelled కొద్ది మంది ప్రయాణించిన Thinking about the Poem I. 1. Where does the traveller find himself? What problem does he face? A: On his way, the traveller finds himself at a point where his path diverges into two. He faces the problem that which path he has to continue his journey. 2. Discuss what these phrases mean to you. (i) a yellow wood (ii) it was grassy and wanted wear (iii) the passing there (iv) leaves no step had trodden black (v) how way leads on to way 15 | P a g e
- 16. Answers: (i) A forest in the autumn season. / The trees in a forest with yellow leaves (ii) As the road was less travelled or used, it was full of grass. It needs to be used by the travellers. (iii) It implies walking on the road. (iv) The leaves on one path had not been crushed under the feet of the travellers. (v) How one road leads to another 3. Is there any difference between the two roads as the poet describes them (i) in stanzas two and three? A: According to the poet, the two roads were almost equally inviting. He says, one road is less trodden and the other was well trodden. (ii) in the last two lines of the poem? A: In the last two lines of the poem, the poet said that he had chosen the path which was less used by the traveller. 4. What do you think the last two lines of the poem mean? (Looking back, does the poet regret his choice or accept it?) A: The last two lines of the poem reflect the courage to take the right decision in life. The poet left the much used path and decided to take the path that was less travelled by others because he wanted to do something different in his life. II. 1. Have you ever had to make a difficult choice (or do you think you will have difficult choices to make)? How will you make the choice (for what reasons)? A: Yes, I think I will have difficult choices to make in my life. It is unavoidable to face challenges in everybody’s life. Before taking a choice, I will consider both pros and cons of the decision. 2. After you have made a choice do you always think about what might have been, or do you accept the reality? 16 | P a g e
- 17. A: No, I never think about what might have been. I will accept the reality. 17 | P a g e