170 azimov.latency-i pv4-vs-ipv6-understanding-the-difference
- 1. Latency IPv4 vs IPv6 Understanding the difference Alexander Azimov <aa@qrator.net>
- 2. Previous latency study Evaluating IPv6 Adoption in the Internet 2010 - IPv6 is faster.
- 3. Previous latency study Launch+365 (2012) 2012 - IPv6 is faster. Again.
- 4. How it could be? IPv6 Internet graph is subset of IPv4 Internet graph 𝐺𝐼𝑃𝑣6 ⊆ 𝐺𝐼𝑃𝑣4 ↓ 𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑦 𝐺𝐼𝑃𝑣6 ≥ 𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑦 𝐺𝐼𝑃𝑣4
- 5. How it could be? IPv6 Internet graph is subset of IPv4 Internet graph 𝐺𝐼𝑃𝑣6 ⊆ 𝐺𝐼𝑃𝑣4 ↓ 𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑦 𝐺𝐼𝑃𝑣6 ≥ 𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑦 𝐺𝐼𝑃𝑣4 Incorrect ?
- 6. Comparing IP Graphs IPv4 IPv6 Number of AS 50157 9616 Number of links 193466 54425 Number of c2p links 90386 16051 Number of p2p links 103047 38372 Density of p2p is slightly higher in IPv6 then in IPv4. But still no clear evidence. But we don’t see all paths…
- 7. Possible Paths But we could make assumption about possible paths! c2p c2p c2p p2p c2p p2c p2p p2c p2c p2p AS1 AS2 AS3
- 8. Comparing IP Graphs IPv4 IPv6 Number of AS 50157 9616 Number of links 193466 54425 Number of c2p links 90386 16051 Number of p2p links 103047 38372 Possible Paths 96 x 10^6 12 x 10^6 Density in IPv6 is less then IPv4. Still no evidence…
- 9. Difference between IP Graphs IPv4/IPv6 IPv6/IPv4 Number of links 139438 9578 Number of c2p links 77028 1211 Number of p2p links 62094 8360 Possible Paths 89 x 10^6 5.8 x 10^6 The difference ratio IPv6/IPv4 > 45% Interesting! IPv4 IPv6 Number of AS 50157 9616 Number of links 193466 54425 Number of c2p links 90386 16051 Number of p2p links 103047 38372 Possible Paths 96 x 10^6 12 x 10^6
- 10. Connectivity AS prefixes 𝐶𝑜𝑛𝑛𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝐴𝑆 = 𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒(𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑓𝑖𝑥, 𝑠𝑝𝑒𝑎𝑘𝑒𝑟)𝑠𝑝𝑒𝑎𝑘𝑒𝑟𝑠𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑓𝑖𝑥𝑒𝑠 |𝑠𝑝𝑒𝑎𝑘𝑒𝑟𝑠| × |𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑓𝑖𝑥𝑒𝑠| Latency should linearly depend on connectivity Speakers that export BGP views to RIPE or RouteViews
- 11. When IPv4 is faster IPv6? Connectivity v4 Connectivity v6 AS Relations v4 AS Relations v6 AS38064 4.0574 7.9215 c2p AS4770 c2p AS9560 c2p AS24192 c2p AS9560 AS132043 3.557 5.8953 c2p AS9583 c2p AS18101 c2p AS55824 c2p 55824 AS39537 2.27792 4.5904 c2p AS8553 c2p AS174 c2p 6777 c2p 41847 +p2p c2p AS8553 AS41401 2.8269 5.0108 c2p AS3292 c2p AS35121 c2p 41943 c2p 41943 When IPv6 graph is subgraph of IPv4 graph. As it should be.
- 12. When IPv6 is faster IPv4? Connectivity v4 Connectivity v6 AS Relations v4 AS Relations v6 AS262934 6.0239 2.1081 c2p AS52324 c2p AS52465 c2p AS6939 AS52465 5.9786 2.1189 c2p AS262770 c2p AS6939 AS27912 5.27355 2.1129 c2p AS23383 c2p AS27696 c2p AS6939 AS42772 5.26224 2.1075 c2p AS6697 c2p AS12406 c2p AS6939 When in IPv6 you become client of AS6939!
- 13. AS6939 in IPv6 is smart choice TOP 5 connectivity in IPv4 TOP 5 connectivity in IPv6 AS Connectivity AS Connectivity 8075/Microsoft 1.18545 6939/HE 1.17805 15169/Google 1.29763 8075/Microsoft 1.20592 6939/HE 1.35115 15169/Google 1.38314 3856/PCH 1.3598 9002/RETN 1.4785 12989/Eweka 1.42068 36351/Softlayer 1.49182
- 14. Closer Look at 6939 TOP 5 direct customers in IPv4 TOP 5 direct customers in IPv6 AS Connectivity AS Customers 174/Cogent 4349 6939/HE 2245 3356/Level3 4034 174/Cogent 1129 7018/ATT 2222 3356/Level3 1009 4323/TW 1862 1299/Telia 562 209/Qwest 1564 2914/NTT 553
- 15. Closer Look at 6939 IPv4 IPv6 7016939 -- p2p 33566939 -- p2p 35496939 -- p2p 64536939 -- p2p 29146939 -- p2p 32576939 -- p2p 2096939 -- c2p And every third triple (AS1->AS2->AS3) in IPv6 goes through AS6939!
- 16. Conclusions • When you compare IPv4 and IPv6 latency you compare latency in two different Internets; • The result greatly differs from one AS to another; • The routing policy of your AS could affect global latency if you are Hurricane Electric • With growth of IPv6 traffic the IPv4 and IPv6 graphs should become less different.
- 17. Questions? Thank you for listening!