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- 1. Faculty Development Programme on Cs3691-Embedded systems and IOT UNIT-4 By Dr.S.Sabena,AP(Sr.Gr) Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Anna University Regional Campus-Thirunelveli
- 2. Internet of Things: Ubiquitous Networking Figures from http://www.rfidglobal.eu/userfiles/documents/white%20papers%204.pdf
- 3. M2M Gateway Client Application M2M Application M2M Area Network M2M Architecture (ETSI) 3 Service Capabilities M2M Core
- 4. M2M Device Domain • M2M Device – A device that runs application(s) using M2M capabilities and network domain functions. An M2M Device is either connected straight to an Access Network or interfaced to M2M Gateways via an M2M Area Network. • M2M Area Network – A M2M Area Network provides connectivity between M2M Devices and M2M Gateways. Examples of M2M Area Networks include: Personal Area Network technologies such as IEEE 802.15, SRD, UWB, Zigbee, Bluetooth, etc or local networks such as PLC, M-BUS, Wireless M-BUS. • M2M Gateways – Equipments using M2M Capabilities to ensure M2M Devices interworking and interconnection to the Network and Application Domain. The M2M Gateway may also run M2M applications.
- 5. M2M Network/App Domain • Network Service Capabilities – Provide functions that are shared by different applications – Expose functionalities through a set of open interfaces – Use Core Network functionalities and simplify and optimize applications development and deployment whilst hiding network specificities to applications – Examples include: data storage and aggregation, unicast and multicast message delivery, etc. • M2M Applications (Server) – Applications that run the service logic and use service capabilities accessible via open interfaces.
- 6. M2M Market Characteristics • Initial investment is difficult (e.g., license fees) • Complex supply chain: from chipset to network to mobile operators • Long-tail business • Low ARPU (<$10) compared to voice (<$30) • Lagging standards
- 7. M2M Standard Trends • So far heterogeneous M2M devices/platforms – SKT/KT/LG M2M platforms – Orange M2M Connect – Nokia M2M Gateway – Sprint Business Mobility Framework • M2M standard activities for interoperability – Access networks: UMTS/GSM (3GPP, ETSI), CDMA (3GPP2), WiFi/WiMAX/ZigBee (IEEE) – App and middleware: TIA TR-50.1 Smart Device Communications (SDC), ESTI TC M2M
- 8. M2M Standard Areas • ETSI formed a TC to focus on describing the scenarios of applications: – Smart Grid/Smart Meters – eHealth – Automotive Applications – City Automations – Connected Consumers • 3GPP work is under the name of Machine Type Communications (MTC) • 3GPP2 (and CDG) has just started looking into the potential impacts *출처: TIA TR-50.1
- 9. ETSI M2M Standards • M2M Service Requirements (Draft: ETSI TS 102 689 V0.5.1, Jan. 2010) – General requirements on M2M communications ranging from Device initiation, authentication, to noninterference of electro-medical devices. – Managements: fault handling, configuration, accounting – Functional requirements: data collection and reporting, remote control, QoS support, etc. – Security: authentication, authorization, data integrity, trust management – Naming/numbering/addressing: IP, URL, SIP • M2M Functional Architecture (Draft ETSI TS 102 690 V0.1.2, Jan. 2010)
- 10. ETSI M2M Standards • M2M apps under development including: – Smart Meters Draft ETSI TR 102 691 V0.3.2, Jan. 2010 – eHealth Draft ETSI TR 102 732 V0.2.1, Sep. 2009 – Connected Consumers Draft ETSI TR 102 857 V0.0.1, Dec. 2009 – City Automation Draft ETSI TR 102 897 V0.0.2, Jan. 2010 – Automotive Apps Draft ETSI TR 102 898 V0.1.0, Jan. 2010 – Car Charging, Fleet Management, Anti-Theft
- 11. Access networks Application Service Platform IP Network Wide Area Network M2M Gateway wireless wireline IPSO IPV6 Hardware and Protocols ZigBee Alliance. ZB Application Profiles 3GPP SA1, SA3, ,… IETF 6LowPAN Phy-Mac Over IPV6 OMA GSMA SCAG,… IETF ROLL Routing over Low Power Lossy Networks IUT-T NGN CENELEC Smart Metering CEN Smart Metering ISO/IEC JTC1 UWSN IEEE 802.xx.x ESMIG Metering WOSA KNX ZCL HGI Home Gateway Initiative EPCGlobal GS1 Utilities Metering OASIS W3C W-Mbus Relationship with Other Standards
- 12. Difference between M2M and IoT
- 68. GSM modules in IOT • The convergence of physical objects and the digital world is known as IoT. IoT stands for the Internet of Things. It has been a trending field in the world of technology. • In addition, the IoT describes the network of physical objects known as “things” that are embedded with sensors, software, and other technologies for the purpose of connecting and exchanging data with other devices and systems over the internet. • IoT based devices, for instance, ESP8266, GSM/GPRS Module, and ESP32 are available to achieve IoT.
- 69. GSM/GPRS Module GSM stands for Global System for Mobile Communication and GPRS is an acronym for General Packet Radio Service. GSM is a Wireless Communication standard for mobile telephone systems and GPRS is an extension of the GSM Network. GPRS is an integrated part of the GSM Network which provides an efficient way to transfer data with the same resources as GSM Network.
- 70. IEEE 802.11ah • Sensors and meters covering a smart grid: • Meter to pole, environmental/agricultural monitoring, industrial process sensors, indoor healthcare system and fitness sensors, home and building automation sensors • Backhaul aggregation of industrial sensors and meter data: Potentially connecting IEEE 802.15.4g subnetworks • Extended range Wi-Fi: • For outdoor extended-range hotspot or cellular traffic offloading when distances already covered by IEEE 802.11a/b/g/n/ac are not good enough
- 71. IEEE 802.11ah • The IEEE 802.11ah access technology is an ongoing effort of the IEEE 802.11 working group to define an “industrial Wi-Fi.” • This specification offers a longer range than traditional Wi-Fi technologies and provides good support for low-power devices that need to send smaller bursts of data at lower speeds. At the same time, it has the ability to scale to higher speeds as well. • IEEE 802.11ah is quite different in terms of current products and the existing Wi-Fi technologies in the 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz frequency bands. • To gain broad adoption and compete against similar technologies in this space, it will need an ecosystem of products and solutions that can be configured and deployed at a low cost.
- 72. Sectorization
- 75. LoRaWAN
- 77. LoRaWAN • The LoRaWAN wireless technology was developed for LPWANs that are critical for implementing many new devices on IoT networks. • The term LoRa refers to the PHY layer, and LoRaWAN focuses on the architecture, • The MAC layer, and a unified, single standard for seamless interoperability. • LoRaWAN is managed by the LoRa Alliance, an industry organization.
- 78. LoRaWAN • The PHY and MAC layers allow LoRaWAN to cover longer distances with a data rate that can change depending on various factors. • The LoRaWAN architecture depends on gateways to bridge endpoints to network servers. • From a security perspective, LoRaWAN offers AES authentication and encryption at two separate layers. • Unlicensed LPWA technologies represent new opportunities for • implementing IoT infrastructures, solutions, and use cases for private enterprise networks, broadcasters, and mobile and non-mobile serviceproviders.
- 79. NB-IoT and Other LTE Variations
- 80. • LTE cat 0 Power saving mode (PSM) Half-duplex mode
- 81. LTE-M • Lower receiver bandwidth: Bandwidth has been lowered to 1.4 MHz versus the usual 20 MHz. This further simplifies the LTE endpoint. • Lower data rate: Data is around 200 kbps for LTE-M, compared to 1 Mbps for Cat 0. • Half-duplex mode: Just as with Cat 0, LTE-M offers a half-duplex mode that decreases node complexity and cost. • Enhanced discontinuous reception (eDRX): This capability increases from seconds to minutes the amount of time an endpoint can “sleep” between paging cycles. A paging cycle is a periodic check-inwith the network. This extended “sleep” time between paging cycles extends the battery lifetime for an endpoint significantly.
- 82. NB-IoT and Other LTE • NB-IoT represents the future of LPWA technology for the mobile service providers who own licensed-band spectrum. • IoT-related specifications must be completed and published by 3GPP to enable vendors, mobile service providers, and applications to successfully and widely endorse the technology. • Evolution to eSIMs, which are still not widely supported, should be tied to NB-IoT as managing millions of SIM cards may not be an acceptable path for the market. • An eSIM card is compliant across multiple operators and also reconfigurable. • This means that it is a permanent part of the device and is easily rewritten if the device is switched to a different provider.
- 86. A Small Introduction -credit card size single board ,super low cost computer.. -Developed in UK by Raspberry-pi foundation in 2009. -to promote the study of basic computer science in schools. -element 14,RS components and Egoman tech corp,these are the distributors of the product all over the world. A Small Introduction Credit card size single board ,super low cost computer.. Developed in UK by Raspberry-pi foundation in 2009. supported by “University of Cambridge Computer laboratory & Broadcom” To promote the study of basic computer science in schools & to develop interest among kids and adults.
- 87. History The Raspberry Pi is the work of the Raspberry Pi Foundation, a charitable organisation. UK registered charity (No. 1129409), May 2009 It's supported by the University of Cambridge Computer Laboratory and tech firm Broadcomm
- 88. Raspberry-pi
- 92. The Foundation has produced two models INR 1625 INR 2275
- 94. Power Supply Micro USB power supply 5v,700mA=3.5W which is less than a bulb. Standard Charging port. Universal charging solution by GSMA. USB Keyboard & Mouse
- 95. Monitor Supports only HDMI. Old analogous TV, Modern digital TV Destop Monitor or even your smartphone as a display. SD memory card Min 2GB,expandable upto 32GB
- 96. OS -mainly linux based OS. - OS and Programming language Supports only Linux. Fedora , Archlinux & Desbian . Most recommended Desbian ,Because it supports python programming language. Raspberry Pi Versions of Kernels are available Fedora-Pidora Desbian-Raspbian
- 98. How it differs from other Board Low power consumption PC takes 65-250W Laptop takes 15-60W Low cost Small in size
- 99. Programming • By default, supporting Python as the educational language. • Any language which will compile for ARMv6 can be used with the Raspberry Pi.
- 100. Applications Home Automation System. Home Security System. HD surveillance Camera. Media Center. We can develop what we can think using GPIO.
- 101. ARM Microcontroller The ARM processor family provides the engine that powers many smartphones in production today and is also widely used in consumer, home, and embedded applications. It delivers extreme low power and a range of performance from 350 MHz in small area designs up to 1 GHz in speed-optimized designs in 45 and 65 nm.
- 103. THANK YOU