2012 Options Unit 2 Higher Tier

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INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES
Use black ink or black ball-point pen.
Write your name, centre number and candidate number in the spaces at the top of this page.
Answer one question from Section A, one from Section B and one other.
Answer no more than three questions.
Write your answers in the spaces provided in this booklet.
INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES
The number of marks is given in brackets at the end of each question or part-question.
You are reminded that assessment will take into account the quality of written communication
used in your answers that involve extended writing.
CJ*(S12-4232-02)
Surname
Other Names
Candidate
Number
0
Centre
Number
GCSE
4232/02
GEOGRAPHY
(Specification A)
HIGHER TIER
UNIT 2 Options Geography
A.M. MONDAY, 18 June 2012
1 hour 15 minutes
For Examiner’s Use Only
Section A
Theme 7
Theme 8
Theme 9
Section B
Theme 10
Theme 11
Theme 12
TOTAL
© WJEC CBAC Ltd.

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SECTION A - PHYSICAL OPTIONS
Answer at least one question from this section, but no more than two.
Theme 7 – Our Changing Coastline
1. (a) Study the OS map extract below. A full key appears at the back of the booklet.
Source: © Crown copyright and/or database right.
All rights reserved. Licence number 100020034
(i) Describe the location of the dock. [2]
© WJEC CBAC Ltd.

(4232-02)
(ii) Annotate the map below to suggest why the area shown has a high risk of flooding.
One annotation has been done for you. [4]
Turn over.
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29
81
82
83
84
81
82
83
84
30 31 32
29 30 31 32
Spot height of
6 metres shows area
is close to sea level
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(b) Explain how named processes lead to the formation of one coastal landform.
You must use one or more labelled diagrams to support your answer. [6]
Name of coastal landform: ..................................................................................................
© WJEC CBAC Ltd.

(4232-02) Turn over.
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(c) Rising sea-levels pose a threat to many coastal areas.
Explain how different coastal management strategies along the coastline can be used to
reduce this threat. Refer to named places. [8]
© WJEC CBAC Ltd.

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Theme 8 – Weather and Climate
2. (a) Study the weather map below which shows a low pressure system in March 2011.
976
980
984
988
992
1000
1004
1008
12
7
Warm front
Cold front
(i) Complete the weather map by
1. writing the word LOW in the centre of the low pressure system
2. drawing accurately the 996 millibar isobar. [2]
© WJEC CBAC Ltd.

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Station A
7°C
Station B
12°C
Warm front
(ii) Use information from the previous page to annotate the map below. Your
annotations should suggest reasons for the difference in temperature between
weather station A and weather station B. [4]
© WJEC CBAC Ltd.

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(b) Explain how different types of technology can be used to reduce the impacts of storms.
[6]
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(c) Explain how long periods of high pressure over the British Isles can cause difficulties for
people at different times of the year. [8]
© WJEC CBAC Ltd.

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onlyTheme 9 – Living Things
3. (a) Study the map below which shows large scale global ecosystems called biomes.
MAJOR BIOMES OF THE WORLD
Key
Tropical Grassland
Tropic of Cancer
Equator
Tropic of
Capricorn
Tropical Rainforest
Taiga (Boreal Forest)
Subtropical Desert
Woodland/Shrubland
Tundra
Polar Ice cap
Semi-Desert
Temperate Deciduous Forest
A
B
(i) Describe the global distribution of the tropical rainforest biome. [2]
(ii) How does the physical environment interact with living things in an ecosystem?
Annotate the diagram below to explain some of these interactions.
Sun
Heat from the sun
provides natural
energy for the
ecosystem
© WJEC CBAC Ltd.

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(b) Look again at the world map in part (a). It shows a transect line through Northern
Africa. This is shown on the enlarged map below.
A
B
Tropic of Cancer
Equator
I C AC AA F R
Tropic of Capricorn
Use information from the map and your own knowledge to suggest how climate
influences the type of biome from A to B in this part of Africa. [6]
© WJEC CBAC Ltd.

(c) To what extent have people been successful in managing their use of natural ecosystems?
Use one or more examples to help your answer. [8]
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BLANK PAGE
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SECTION B – HUMAN OPTIONS
Answer at least one question from this section, but no more than two.
Theme 10 – Tourism
4. (a) Study the map of Greece, a Mediterranean country.
0 100 200
Zakynthos
Cephalonia
Ithaca
Lefkada
Corfu
Cythera
Thessaloniki
300
Kilometres
Athens
N
C R E T E
G R E E C E
IONIAN
SEA
AEGEAN
SEA
(i) Describe the location of Athens, the capital city of Greece. [2]
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(ii) What are the factors that affect the nature of tourism in the place shown in the
photograph below?
Annotate the photograph to show these factors.
Inaccessible location
means only a small
resort has been
developed
Source: © Robert Harding Picture Library Ltd/Alamy
© WJEC CBAC Ltd.

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(b) Explain how tourism can have different impacts on one MEDC region you have
studied. [6]
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(c) Explain how tourism can be managed sustainably.
Use one or more examples to support your answer. [8]
© WJEC CBAC Ltd.

(4232-02)
Theme 11 – Retail and Urban Change
5. (a) Study the table and photographs below.
Percentage of different types of stores of one supermarket chain in a large city
Largest ‘Extra’
Stores
‘Superstores’ ‘Metro’ Stores
Smallest ‘Express’
Stores
10% 29% 11% 50%
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0%
50%
60%
70%
10%
20%
30%
40%
80%
90%
Largest ‘Extra’ Stores
(i) Complete the pie chart below to show the different types of stores one supermarket
chain has in a city. [2]
Source: ©Dead Shot Keen/Alamy Source: ©Bernd Tschakert Ltd/Alamy
© WJEC CBAC Ltd.

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(ii) Annotate the sketch map below to suggest different reasons for the location of the
larger ‘Extra’ stores and smaller ‘Express’ stores.
X
X
Key
Motorway City
City centre (CBD)
Smaller ‘Express’ stores
Larger ‘Extra’ storesMain roads
X
Extra stores have access
to cheaper land away
from the CBD
© WJEC CBAC Ltd.

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(b) Study the information below which shows how often people of different age groups used
the internet in the UK in 2009.
How often people of different age groups use the Internet
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
16 - 24 25 - 44
Within the last 3 months
More than 3 months ago
Never used
45 - 54
Age group
Key
Percent
55 - 64 65+
To what extent could the increasing use of the internet be a concern for traditional retail
outlets in towns and cities?
© WJEC CBAC Ltd.

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(c)
As consumers demand a greater choice when they go shopping,
supermarkets are buying products from all over the world.
Explain how this global trade can have advantages and disadvantages for people in
developing countries.
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Theme 12 – Economic Change and Wales
6. (a) Study the graph below.
Renewable Energy Use in the UK - 1993 to 2010
1993
RenewableEnergyUseasa%ofallEnergy
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.5
Hydro
Wind, wave, solar & biofuels
All renewables
All renewables5
5.5 1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
(i) Describe how the use of ‘all renewables’ has changed from 1993 to 2010. [2]
© WJEC CBAC Ltd.

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(ii) The map below shows the location of Hydro Electric power stations in Wales.
Annotate the map to suggest reasons for their location.
One annotation has been started for you. [4]
Turn over.
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Key
Parts of Wales with highest annual rainfall totals
Over 2500mm
1500mm – 2499mm
hydro electric
power stations
W
A
L
E
S
ENGLAND
Teifi
Dyfi
Towy
Usk
W
ye
Severn
Conwy
A
L
E
LL
i
U
HEP stations are
located in upland
areas because ...
© WJEC CBAC Ltd.

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(b) Explain why some people are concerned about the impact on the environment when
developing renewable energy in Wales. [6]
© WJEC CBAC Ltd.

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(c) Describe and explain how energy may be generated in Wales in the future.
Turn over.© WJEC CBAC Ltd.

2012 Options Unit 2 Higher Tier

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