Peer feedback for
formative assessment
What is it, why use it and how to make it
work
ISABELLE LANGEVELD

BLENDED LEARNING ARCHITECT AND MOODLE
CONSULTANT
Introduction of assignment
Context: what and why of peer assessment
Short discussion to discover your attitude
How to improve the quality of (peer) feedback
How to set it up
Discussion of example of peer feedback on
Master thesis
Our own peer feedback process
assignment
why?
RUTH COLVIN CLARK

CONTENT COVERED

CONTENT LEARNED
DESIGN AN ASSIGNMENT FOR PEER
ASSESSMENT
WORK OUT ON PAPER DURING PRESENTATION:
•ARGUE CHOICE FOR PEER FEEDBACK SO YOU CAN
EXPLAIN IT TO STUDENTS
•WHAT IS THE PRODUCT TO BE SUBMITTED
•FB ON WHAT LEVEL OF IMPACT
•FORMATIVE AND/OR SUMMATIVE
•HOW YOU ORGANISE THE PROCESS:
- GROUPING
- CONTROL
- OTHER SETTINGS ON CONTROL PANEL
- WHICH ACTIVITY IN MOODLE (FORUM,
WORKSHOP, WIKI)
- ETC
= INPUT FOR PEER FEEDBACK WITHIN YOUR TEAM
FORMATIVE ASSESSMENT PEER FEEDBACK
PEER ASSESSMENT

WHAT IS IT

BLENDED ENVIRONMENT
FEEDBACK IS
INFORMATION THAT HELPS A STUDENT TO NAVIGATE THE GAP

BETWEEN WHERE HE IS AND WHERE HE IS MEANT TO BE IN TERMS
OF UNDERSTANDING AND PERFORMANCE
FEEDBACK: HOW AM I DOING SO FAR?
FEED UP: WHERE AM I GOING?

CLEAR AND CHALLENGING
GOAL

FEED FORWARD: WHERE AM I
GOING NEXT?

UNDERSTANDABLE
CRITERIA

POSSIBILITIES FOR
IMPROVEMENT
SOURCES OF FEEDBACK
S
E
L
F
PRODU
CT

When
useful?

NOT REPRODUCTIVE LEARNING
Why?

BLOOM’S TAXONOMY
NO TEACHER/LESS WORK
FOR HER/MORE FB FOR
STUDENTS

TRANSFER OF FEEDBACK
SKILLS TO THE
WORKPLACE
COMPARABLE LEVEL OF ACADEMIC SKILLS AND
MOTIVATION

OVERLAP IN DOMAIN INTEREST
1
Extra work for the teacher in organizing peer feedback
is compensated by higher student achievements

TRUE

FALSE
2
HIGH PROFICIENCY STUDENTS PROFIT less FROM
PEER FEEDBACK THAN STUDENTS WITH LOWER
PROFICIENCY

TRUE

FALSE
3
who has ever tried it?

YES

NO
JOHN HATTIE

Professor of Education at Auckland
University, New Zealand
CONCLUSIONS OF HIS META-ANALYSIS:
IT DOESN’T ALWAYS WORK
EFFECT IS variable

h!
u
D

UNDER SOME CONDITIONS, FEEDBACK INFORMATION HAD no
EFFECT OR EVEN DEBILITATED PERFORMANCE
FEEDBACK has twice the average effect ON ACHIEVEMENT OF
ALL OTHER EFFECTS OF SCHOOLING INTERVENTIONS
FEEDBACK SHOULD NOT BE GIVEN IN A VACUUM

CONTENT/
INSTRUCTION
PRODUCT/
PROCESS

ASSIGNMENT/
GOAL
FEEDBACK
FOUR LEVELS

4. ON SELF

AM I A NICE, DILIGENT,
ABLE PERSON

3. SELFREGULATION

AM I ORGANISING AND
EVALUATING MY
LEARNING PROPERLY

2. PROCESS

IS MY TASK APPROACH
APPROPRIATE AND WELL
EXECUTED

1. RESULT OF
TASK

IS IT CORRECT/
DO I MEET THE CRITERIA

OF FEEDBACK
What else to think
about

GIVING IS NOT RECEIVING
‘HOME’ CULTURE
GROUP CULTURE: IS IT OKAY TO MAKE ERRORS AND SHOW DOUBT
Power of peers, feedback can:
BE A WONDERFUL INSIGHT THE
TEACHER HAD NEVER THOUGHT
OF
HAVE A POSITIVE
INFLUENCE ON
COMMITMENT

+

JAZZ UP LEARNERS
REPUTATION, THEIR SELFESTEEM AND SELFEFFICACY

BE INCORRECT, TEACHER
HAS TO MONITOR
BE CONSIDERED HURTFUL,
TEACHER HAS TO FOSTER A
WARM AND INQUISITIVE
CLIMATE
DAMAGE LEARNERS
REPUTATION IF CRITICISM
AND PRAISE ARE OUT OF
BALANCE

-
FOCUS ON TASK,
NOT LEARNER
PROMOTE
LEARNING GOAL
ORIENTATION

reduce uncertainty
between
performance
and goals

after
instruction,
building on
prior
knowledge

IN MANAGEABLE
UNITS

PROVIDE
ELABORATED FB
POS + NEG

WRITTEN
WITH
CARE

TIMELY,
BEFORE
FRUSTRATION
TAKES OVER

UNBIASED AND
OBJECTIve
discussed in
equal dialogue

BE SPECIFIC,
CLEAR, SIMPLE
AS POSSIBLE
EXAMPLE COURSERA 1
EXAMPLE COURSERA 2 RUBRICS
EXAMPLE COURSERA 3 FEEDBACK

HOW DO YOU EVALUATE THE QUALITY?
Setting up peer
assesment
TUNING
SETTINGS

outcome

what

who/weight of grade
feedback

summative

formative

how

grade

process

product

open

when

peers

how

how

open

self

criteria/
checklist

oral

written

obligation

teacher

HOW

ANONYMOUS

PUBLIC

CONTROL GROUPING
MOODLE

during

final

optional

compulsory

STUDENT

TEACHER
LET

HELP YOU
Formative assessment and peer feedback
Stage 1- Online
What

Idea for research topic and concept
problem statement

How in Moodle

Personal discussion thread in Forum

Grouping

Whole class

FB Criteria

Brief reflection on relevance and
feasibility

Control

Students are free to choose who to
provide feedback
Stage 2 - Online
What

Problem statement, scope, research
strategy, references

How in Moodle

Workshop, with built-in criteria and
planned phases for upload and
feedback

Grouping

Fb to a 3 peers, settings in Workshop

FB Criteria

Elaborate and concrete fb on all parts of
proposal

Control

Settings in Workshop: who provides fb
to whom is randomly distributed
Stage 3 - Live
What

Adapted problem statement, scope,
research strategy, references

How

Plenary session, expert provides
additional fb and discusses most
instructive examples (after peer review
phase is closed)

Grouping

Plenary

FB Criteria

Same: Elaborate and concrete fb on all
parts of proposal

Control

Tutor organizes the session
Stage 4 - Online
What

Product concept

How

Annotation Tool (outside of Moodle: assembles
comments and allows discussion between
commentators, grading of comments. Random
evaluation by experts

Grouping

Small group of st with comparable domain

FB Criteria

Detailed comments on argumentation, structure,
readability, use of references, interpretation of
findings

Control

St choose who they give fb, tutor monitors
distribution of tasks
Stage 5 - Online
What

Final product

How in Moodle

Assignment (submit file)

Grouping

If a student needs it: small group of st
with comparable domain

FB Criteria

Detailed comments on argumentation,
structure, readability, use of references,
interpretation of findings

Control

Tutor
Our feedback
experiment
Work in a trio

Give your paper to your neighbour and ask
him/her to focus on 2 aspects (3)
Write your comments on a separate paper with the
focus your neighbour asked for, try to use the
guidelines (5-10)
Repeat once (5-10)
Compare the fb you received, discuss with your
peers (5 per product - 15)
Evaluate the outcomes and the process (10)

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Formative assessment and peer feedback

  • 1. Peer feedback for formative assessment What is it, why use it and how to make it work
  • 2. ISABELLE LANGEVELD BLENDED LEARNING ARCHITECT AND MOODLE CONSULTANT
  • 3. Introduction of assignment Context: what and why of peer assessment Short discussion to discover your attitude How to improve the quality of (peer) feedback How to set it up Discussion of example of peer feedback on Master thesis Our own peer feedback process
  • 5. DESIGN AN ASSIGNMENT FOR PEER ASSESSMENT WORK OUT ON PAPER DURING PRESENTATION: •ARGUE CHOICE FOR PEER FEEDBACK SO YOU CAN EXPLAIN IT TO STUDENTS •WHAT IS THE PRODUCT TO BE SUBMITTED •FB ON WHAT LEVEL OF IMPACT •FORMATIVE AND/OR SUMMATIVE •HOW YOU ORGANISE THE PROCESS: - GROUPING - CONTROL - OTHER SETTINGS ON CONTROL PANEL - WHICH ACTIVITY IN MOODLE (FORUM, WORKSHOP, WIKI) - ETC = INPUT FOR PEER FEEDBACK WITHIN YOUR TEAM
  • 6. FORMATIVE ASSESSMENT PEER FEEDBACK PEER ASSESSMENT WHAT IS IT BLENDED ENVIRONMENT
  • 7. FEEDBACK IS INFORMATION THAT HELPS A STUDENT TO NAVIGATE THE GAP BETWEEN WHERE HE IS AND WHERE HE IS MEANT TO BE IN TERMS OF UNDERSTANDING AND PERFORMANCE
  • 8. FEEDBACK: HOW AM I DOING SO FAR? FEED UP: WHERE AM I GOING? CLEAR AND CHALLENGING GOAL FEED FORWARD: WHERE AM I GOING NEXT? UNDERSTANDABLE CRITERIA POSSIBILITIES FOR IMPROVEMENT
  • 11. Why? BLOOM’S TAXONOMY NO TEACHER/LESS WORK FOR HER/MORE FB FOR STUDENTS TRANSFER OF FEEDBACK SKILLS TO THE WORKPLACE
  • 12. COMPARABLE LEVEL OF ACADEMIC SKILLS AND MOTIVATION OVERLAP IN DOMAIN INTEREST
  • 13. 1 Extra work for the teacher in organizing peer feedback is compensated by higher student achievements TRUE FALSE
  • 14. 2 HIGH PROFICIENCY STUDENTS PROFIT less FROM PEER FEEDBACK THAN STUDENTS WITH LOWER PROFICIENCY TRUE FALSE
  • 15. 3 who has ever tried it? YES NO
  • 16. JOHN HATTIE Professor of Education at Auckland University, New Zealand
  • 17. CONCLUSIONS OF HIS META-ANALYSIS: IT DOESN’T ALWAYS WORK EFFECT IS variable h! u D UNDER SOME CONDITIONS, FEEDBACK INFORMATION HAD no EFFECT OR EVEN DEBILITATED PERFORMANCE FEEDBACK has twice the average effect ON ACHIEVEMENT OF ALL OTHER EFFECTS OF SCHOOLING INTERVENTIONS
  • 18. FEEDBACK SHOULD NOT BE GIVEN IN A VACUUM CONTENT/ INSTRUCTION PRODUCT/ PROCESS ASSIGNMENT/ GOAL FEEDBACK
  • 19. FOUR LEVELS 4. ON SELF AM I A NICE, DILIGENT, ABLE PERSON 3. SELFREGULATION AM I ORGANISING AND EVALUATING MY LEARNING PROPERLY 2. PROCESS IS MY TASK APPROACH APPROPRIATE AND WELL EXECUTED 1. RESULT OF TASK IS IT CORRECT/ DO I MEET THE CRITERIA OF FEEDBACK
  • 20. What else to think about GIVING IS NOT RECEIVING ‘HOME’ CULTURE GROUP CULTURE: IS IT OKAY TO MAKE ERRORS AND SHOW DOUBT
  • 21. Power of peers, feedback can: BE A WONDERFUL INSIGHT THE TEACHER HAD NEVER THOUGHT OF HAVE A POSITIVE INFLUENCE ON COMMITMENT + JAZZ UP LEARNERS REPUTATION, THEIR SELFESTEEM AND SELFEFFICACY BE INCORRECT, TEACHER HAS TO MONITOR BE CONSIDERED HURTFUL, TEACHER HAS TO FOSTER A WARM AND INQUISITIVE CLIMATE DAMAGE LEARNERS REPUTATION IF CRITICISM AND PRAISE ARE OUT OF BALANCE -
  • 22. FOCUS ON TASK, NOT LEARNER PROMOTE LEARNING GOAL ORIENTATION reduce uncertainty between performance and goals after instruction, building on prior knowledge IN MANAGEABLE UNITS PROVIDE ELABORATED FB POS + NEG WRITTEN WITH CARE TIMELY, BEFORE FRUSTRATION TAKES OVER UNBIASED AND OBJECTIve discussed in equal dialogue BE SPECIFIC, CLEAR, SIMPLE AS POSSIBLE
  • 25. EXAMPLE COURSERA 3 FEEDBACK HOW DO YOU EVALUATE THE QUALITY?
  • 30. Stage 1- Online What Idea for research topic and concept problem statement How in Moodle Personal discussion thread in Forum Grouping Whole class FB Criteria Brief reflection on relevance and feasibility Control Students are free to choose who to provide feedback
  • 31. Stage 2 - Online What Problem statement, scope, research strategy, references How in Moodle Workshop, with built-in criteria and planned phases for upload and feedback Grouping Fb to a 3 peers, settings in Workshop FB Criteria Elaborate and concrete fb on all parts of proposal Control Settings in Workshop: who provides fb to whom is randomly distributed
  • 32. Stage 3 - Live What Adapted problem statement, scope, research strategy, references How Plenary session, expert provides additional fb and discusses most instructive examples (after peer review phase is closed) Grouping Plenary FB Criteria Same: Elaborate and concrete fb on all parts of proposal Control Tutor organizes the session
  • 33. Stage 4 - Online What Product concept How Annotation Tool (outside of Moodle: assembles comments and allows discussion between commentators, grading of comments. Random evaluation by experts Grouping Small group of st with comparable domain FB Criteria Detailed comments on argumentation, structure, readability, use of references, interpretation of findings Control St choose who they give fb, tutor monitors distribution of tasks
  • 34. Stage 5 - Online What Final product How in Moodle Assignment (submit file) Grouping If a student needs it: small group of st with comparable domain FB Criteria Detailed comments on argumentation, structure, readability, use of references, interpretation of findings Control Tutor
  • 35. Our feedback experiment Work in a trio Give your paper to your neighbour and ask him/her to focus on 2 aspects (3) Write your comments on a separate paper with the focus your neighbour asked for, try to use the guidelines (5-10) Repeat once (5-10) Compare the fb you received, discuss with your peers (5 per product - 15) Evaluate the outcomes and the process (10)