![Copyright © 2006, TWI Ltd
World Centre for Materials Joining Technology
MACRO
MACRO
NOTE: PHOTOGRAPH IS AT X10 MAGNIFICATION
MATERIAL: LOW CARBON STEEL WELDING PROCESS: [MAG/GMAW]
#
# DEFECT
DEFECT SIZE
SIZE ACCEPT/REJECT
ACCEPT/REJECT
1
1 POOR TOE BLEND
POOR TOE BLEND
2
2 OVERLAP + 2 SMALL PORES
OVERLAP + 2 SMALL PORES
3
3 LAMINATIONS/INCLUSIONS
LAMINATIONS/INCLUSIONS
4
4 LACK OF SIDE WALL FUSION
LACK OF SIDE WALL FUSION
5
5 AS ABOVE +PORES
AS ABOVE +PORES
6
6 OVERLAP
OVERLAP
7
7 LACK OF INTERRUN FUSION
LACK OF INTERRUN FUSION
8
8 GAS PORE/PIPE
GAS PORE/PIPE
9
9 LACK OF SIDE WALL FUSION + SILICA
LACK OF SIDE WALL FUSION + SILICA
10
10 ANGULAR MISALIGNMENT
ANGULAR MISALIGNMENT
11
11 EXCESS WELD METAL
EXCESS WELD METAL
12
12 EXCESS PENETRATION
EXCESS PENETRATION
Assess
Assess
To
To
Specification
Specification
2
6
9
8
3
4
1
7
5](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/24c-pacticalmacroinspection2006-240828073915-51c948a0/85/24C-practical-Pactical-Macro-inspection-2006-ppt-32-320.jpg)
24C- practical Pactical Macro inspection 2006.ppt
- 1. Copyright © 2006, TWI Ltd World Centre for Materials Joining Technology CSWIP 3.1 Welding Inspection CSWIP 3.1 Welding Inspection TWI Training & Examination TWI Training & Examination Services Services Practical Macro Inspection Practical Macro Inspection Course Reference WIS 5 Course Reference WIS 5 Course notes section reference 23
- 2. Copyright © 2006, TWI Ltd World Centre for Materials Joining Technology Macro Inspection Macro Inspection
- 3. Copyright © 2006, TWI Ltd World Centre for Materials Joining Technology Remember in the CSWIP 3.1 Welding Inspectors Remember in the CSWIP 3.1 Welding Inspectors examination your are required to conduct a visual examination your are required to conduct a visual examination of two macro samples examination of two macro samples Time allowed 45 minutes Time allowed 45 minutes Code ISO 5817 Level stringent B Code ISO 5817 Level stringent B Macro Inspection Examination Macro Inspection Examination
- 4. Copyright © 2006, TWI Ltd World Centre for Materials Joining Technology PLEASE READ CAREFULLY PLEASE READ CAREFULLY You have been provided with one or two macro samples and the report You have been provided with one or two macro samples and the report sheets you are required to complete the following sheets you are required to complete the following 1. Ensure that you record your name and the date on the report sheet 1. Ensure that you record your name and the date on the report sheet 2. Ensure that you sign the report sheet 2. Ensure that you sign the report sheet 3. Visually inspect the specimens and report: 3. Visually inspect the specimens and report: The defects type The defects type The defects size, length, depth and height if applicable The defects size, length, depth and height if applicable 4. 4. Comment on each defect e.g accept, reject or refer in Comment on each defect e.g accept, reject or refer in accordance accordance with with ISO 5817 stringent B ISO 5817 stringent B ALL LINE DRAWING & WRITING MUST BE COMPLETED IN INK ALL LINE DRAWING & WRITING MUST BE COMPLETED IN INK ALL MEASUREMENT IN MM / ALL MEASUREMENT IN MM / PHOTOGRAPH AT 10X MAGNIFICATION. PHOTOGRAPH AT 10X MAGNIFICATION. DIVDE ALL MEASUREMENTS BY 10 AND RECORD ON REPORT DIVDE ALL MEASUREMENTS BY 10 AND RECORD ON REPORT PROVIDED PROVIDED Macro Inspection Macro Inspection
- 5. Copyright © 2006, TWI Ltd World Centre for Materials Joining Technology Macro Report Example Macro Report Example Check Macro photograph identification matches form supplied. Check Macro photograph identification matches form supplied. All measurements in mm / All measurements in mm / Macro Photograph at X10 Magnification Macro Photograph at X10 Magnification Macro Photograph at X10 Macro Photograph at X10
- 6. Copyright © 2006, TWI Ltd World Centre for Materials Joining Technology 1 1 3 3 4 4 5 5 DEFECT DEFECT SIZE SIZE ACCEPT/REJECT ACCEPT/REJECT 1 1 Lack of sidewall fusion + Slag Lack of sidewall fusion + Slag 3 x 4 mm 3 x 4 mm Reject Reject Reject Reject Accept Accept Accept Accept 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 7 7 8 8 10 10 11 11 12 12 Lack of sidewall fusion Lack of sidewall fusion Slag inclusion Slag inclusion Cap undercut Cap undercut 3 mm 3 mm 1.5 mm 1.5 mm 0.5 mm 0.5 mm Plate lamination Plate lamination 5.2 mm 5.2 mm Refer* Refer* Excess weld metal Excess weld metal Excess root penetration Excess root penetration 4 mm 4 mm None None Accept Accept Reject Reject •These Macros have been mastered from the These Macros have been mastered from the Photographs Photographs •All line drawings & writing must be in ink. All line drawings & writing must be in ink. •Record defects as you see them Record defects as you see them •Interpretation difficulties have been recorded. Interpretation difficulties have been recorded. •Comment only if a definite uncertainty exists: Comment only if a definite uncertainty exists: i.e Slag/Gas in some cases. i.e Slag/Gas in some cases. COMMENTS: COMMENTS: *Materials defect *Materials defect acceptance acceptance dependent on dependent on application. application. Seek advice. Seek advice. Macro Report Example Macro Report Example 2 2
- 7. Copyright © 2006, TWI Ltd World Centre for Materials Joining Technology Page 6 ISO 5817 : 1992 ISO 5817 (BS EN 225817) ISO 5817 (BS EN 225817)
- 8. Copyright © 2006, TWI Ltd World Centre for Materials Joining Technology Acceptance levels B,C,D Acceptance levels B,C,D For the CSWIP 3.1 exam For the CSWIP 3.1 exam stringent B stringent B Maximum pore diameter 3mm or Maximum pore diameter 3mm or pore diameter shall be less than or equal to 0.3 pore diameter shall be less than or equal to 0.3 X plate thickness X plate thickness Copyrigt © 2006 TWI Ltd Copyrigt © 2006 TWI Ltd ISO 5817 (BS EN 225817) ISO 5817 (BS EN 225817)
- 9. Copyright © 2006, TWI Ltd World Centre for Materials Joining Technology Specimen Thickness(mm) Specimen Thickness(mm) 8 8 15 15 30 30 60 60 Defect Defect Overlap Overlap Incomplete penetration Incomplete penetration Lack of sidewall fusion Lack of sidewall fusion Gas pore Gas pore Slag inclusion Slag inclusion Elongated cavity Elongated cavity Linear misalignment Linear misalignment Cap undercut Cap undercut Crack Crack Spatter Spatter Dimensions Dimensions H = 1.5 H = 1.5 L = 2.0 L = 2.0 L = 2.0 L = 2.0 D = 2.5 D = 2.5 1.0 x 2.0 1.0 x 2.0 0.5 x 1.5 0.5 x 1.5 H = 1.8 H = 1.8 D = 0.4 D = 0.4 L = 1.5 L = 1.5 D = 1.8 D = 1.8 R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A R R R R A A A A A A A A A A A A R R R R R R R R X X X X X X X X • Using ISO 5817 determine the acceptability of the defects listed. Using ISO 5817 determine the acceptability of the defects listed. Under the column Under the column headed specimen thickness, insert A,R and X headed specimen thickness, insert A,R and X A A = Accept = Accept R R = Reject = Reject X X = Refer = Refer • Use the acceptance category Use the acceptance category stringent B stringent B when making your when making your assessment assume assessment assume specimens to be plate butt welds specimens to be plate butt welds ISO 5817 Exercise ISO 5817 Exercise
- 10. Copyright © 2006, TWI Ltd World Centre for Materials Joining Technology Macro defects Macro defects 3mm 3mm 50mm 50mm
- 11. Copyright © 2006, TWI Ltd World Centre for Materials Joining Technology Macro defects Macro defects 1.5mm 1.5mm
- 12. Copyright © 2006, TWI Ltd World Centre for Materials Joining Technology Macro defects Macro defects
- 13. Copyright © 2006, TWI Ltd World Centre for Materials Joining Technology
- 14. Copyright © 2006, TWI Ltd World Centre for Materials Joining Technology Macro defects Macro defects
- 15. Copyright © 2006, TWI Ltd World Centre for Materials Joining Technology Macro defects Macro defects
- 16. Copyright © 2006, TWI Ltd World Centre for Materials Joining Technology Macro defects Macro defects
- 17. Copyright © 2006, TWI Ltd World Centre for Materials Joining Technology Macro defects Macro defects
- 18. Copyright © 2006, TWI Ltd World Centre for Materials Joining Technology Macro defects Macro defects
- 19. Copyright © 2006, TWI Ltd World Centre for Materials Joining Technology Macro defects Macro defects
- 20. Copyright © 2006, TWI Ltd World Centre for Materials Joining Technology Macro defects Macro defects
- 21. Copyright © 2006, TWI Ltd World Centre for Materials Joining Technology Macro defects Macro defects
- 22. Copyright © 2006, TWI Ltd World Centre for Materials Joining Technology Macro defects Macro defects
- 23. Copyright © 2006, TWI Ltd World Centre for Materials Joining Technology Macro defects Macro defects
- 24. Copyright © 2006, TWI Ltd World Centre for Materials Joining Technology Macro defects Macro defects
- 25. Copyright © 2006, TWI Ltd World Centre for Materials Joining Technology Macro defects Macro defects
- 26. Copyright © 2006, TWI Ltd World Centre for Materials Joining Technology Macro defects Macro defects
- 27. Copyright © 2006, TWI Ltd World Centre for Materials Joining Technology Macro defects Macro defects
- 28. Copyright © 2006, TWI Ltd World Centre for Materials Joining Technology What is going on here? What is going on here?
- 29. Copyright © 2006, TWI Ltd World Centre for Materials Joining Technology Macro defects Macro defects
- 30. Copyright © 2006, TWI Ltd World Centre for Materials Joining Technology Macro defects Macro defects
- 31. Copyright © 2006, TWI Ltd World Centre for Materials Joining Technology MACRO MACRO
- 32. Copyright © 2006, TWI Ltd World Centre for Materials Joining Technology MACRO MACRO NOTE: PHOTOGRAPH IS AT X10 MAGNIFICATION MATERIAL: LOW CARBON STEEL WELDING PROCESS: [MAG/GMAW] # # DEFECT DEFECT SIZE SIZE ACCEPT/REJECT ACCEPT/REJECT 1 1 POOR TOE BLEND POOR TOE BLEND 2 2 OVERLAP + 2 SMALL PORES OVERLAP + 2 SMALL PORES 3 3 LAMINATIONS/INCLUSIONS LAMINATIONS/INCLUSIONS 4 4 LACK OF SIDE WALL FUSION LACK OF SIDE WALL FUSION 5 5 AS ABOVE +PORES AS ABOVE +PORES 6 6 OVERLAP OVERLAP 7 7 LACK OF INTERRUN FUSION LACK OF INTERRUN FUSION 8 8 GAS PORE/PIPE GAS PORE/PIPE 9 9 LACK OF SIDE WALL FUSION + SILICA LACK OF SIDE WALL FUSION + SILICA 10 10 ANGULAR MISALIGNMENT ANGULAR MISALIGNMENT 11 11 EXCESS WELD METAL EXCESS WELD METAL 12 12 EXCESS PENETRATION EXCESS PENETRATION Assess Assess To To Specification Specification 2 6 9 8 3 4 1 7 5
- 33. Copyright © 2006, TWI Ltd World Centre for Materials Joining Technology Any Questions Any Questions ? ?