2.Questioned_Document_Examination.ppt
- 2. “When the authenticity or a document is challenged it becomes a questioned document”. e.g. There are two different wills of a father being presented by his two sons. Each claims his will is genuine both the will become questioned. A questioned document may have pseudonymous an anonymous, a threatening letter or a suicide letter. It may contain secret code writing.
- 3. A questioned document may be A money receipt A money order form A payment order A cheque A currency note A bill A tender A questioned document may be in the form of a ticket a) Bus ticket b) Railway ticket c) Air ticket d) Lottery ticket e) Excise stamps f) Match tickets D) It can be wills E) It may be examination paper F) It may be burnt papers A questioned document on checking or examination may turn up as genuine / real document or forged documents.
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- 7. Questioned Document Examination: Document examination is the discipline that seeks to determine the history of a document by technical or scientific processes. From the viewpoint of its application to civil and criminal litigation, its forensic function, “Forensic document examination is the study of physical evidence, and physical evidence cannot lie. Only its interpretation can err. Only the failure to find it, or to hear its true testimony can deprive it of its value.”
- 8. Questioned handwriting and handlettering, however, may be inscribed on walls or woodwork or on any other physical object of any size, perhaps using paint instead of ink, and broad markers, brushes, or spray cans, instead of the customary writing instruments. The message may be threatening, offensive, obscene, libelous, annoying, or incriminating, and the identity of the author may be essential to the fixing of liability or culpability. Understandably, the document examiner will be called upon to apply his/her skills to identify the author of the inscription, although the medium (e.g., a lavatory wall or a concrete bridge) does not fall within the common definition of a document. While these occasions are infrequent, document examination and, in particular, handwriting identification, should be thought of in this broader context.
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- 11. The examination of a questioned document is conducted to determine: Its origin, i.e., where did the document come from? Its production source, i.e., what person or machine produced it? Its production process, i.e., how was it made? Its inscription, i.e., what has faded or been obliterated? Its chastity, i.e., what changes, if any, have been made to it? Its integrity, i.e., is it genuine or false? Its legitimacy, i.e., is it an original or a reproduction, and if so, what generation?
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- 21. IMAGE