3. instruments used in evaluation

Instruments
used in
Evaluation

Objective Instruments
Evaluation of learning , most of
the time, requires the use of
classroom testing such as oral tests,
performance tests, or pencil-and-
paper tests with objective and essay
questions. These tests are
considered as objective instruments
of assessing students’ learning.
2

Classification of
Objective Instruments
The following are the description
of the different tests classified as
objective instruments:
1. Achievement test. It measures how
well a student has mastered
specified instructional objectives.
2. Intelligence test. It measures the
students broad range of abilities.
3

3. Diagnostic test. It measures a
student’s strengths and weaknesses
in a specific area of study.
4. Formative test. It measures a
student’s progress that occurs over a
short period of time.
5. Summative test. This measures the
extent to which the students have
attained the desired outcomes for a
given chapter or unit.
4

6. Aptitude test. It measures the
ability, or abilities in a given area.
7. Survey test. It measures general
achievement in a given subject or
area and is more concerned with the
scope of coverage.
8. Performance test. It measures a
student’s proficiency level in a skill.
It requires manual or other motor
responses.
5

9. Personality test. This is a test that
measures the ways in which
individual’s interest is focused with
other individuals or in terms of the
roles that other individual has
ascribed to him and how he adopts in
the society.
10. Prognostic test. It is a test which
predicts the student’s future
achievement in a specific subject
area.
6

14. Power test. It measures level of
performance rather than speed of
response. This is made up of a series
of test items in graded difficulty,
from the easiest to the most
difficult ones.
15. Speed test. This test measures the
speed and accuracy of the students
in answering the questions within the
time limits imposed.
7

16. Placement test. It measures the grade
or year level the student is enrolled
after ceasing from the school.
17. Standardized test. It is a test made
after certain norms have been
established.
18. Teacher-made test. It is constructed
by the classroom teachers, but not as
carefully prepared as the standardized
test. In this test, there is no full
guarantee of validity and reliability.
8

19. Mastery test. It determines the
extent to which individuals in a group
have learned or mastered a given unit
of instruction.
20. Omnibus test. It measures a
variety of mental operations
combined into a single sequence from
which only a single score is taken.
21. Readiness test. This test measures
the extent to which an individual has
achieved certain skills needed
for beginning some new learning
activities.
9

Subjective Instruments
Non-test means of evaluation such
as rating scale, conference, and
others can also be used in assessing
student’s progress. These means of
assessment are considered as
subjective instruments for assessing
student’s performance.
10

Classification of
Subjective Instruments
The following are the descriptions
or definitions of each of the
subjective instruments:
1. Observation. This refers to the
reaction to various situations. It may
be focused in the changes taking
place in the behavior of the learners.
11

2. Checklist. This is used to reveal the
frequencies of occurrence of specific
type of student’s behavior.
3. Rating Scale. It is a device used in
evaluating student’s attitudes, or
other characteristics of students.
4. Questionnaire. This is used to
survey student’s interest and needs,
progress, and reaction for diagnostic
purposes.
12

5. Opinionnaire.This is an information
form that attempts to measure the
attitude or belief of an individual
student.
6. Projective technique. This is a
psychological technique, which
involves the use of black-and-white
pictures or abstract images to elicit
expression of unconscious material.
Rorschach Ink Blot Test is an
example of this technique.
13

7. Sociogram. It is a sociometric
technique to show in diagram form
the interpersonal relationship within
a certain group.
8. Anecdotal Record. A short written
account about the behaviors ,
motives, and attitudes of a given
student.
9. Work Sample. This is used as a
source of information about
individual students.
14

10. Conference. It is a one-to-one
conversation between a teacher and a
student. It is a better source for
diagnostic information about the
students.
11. Interest Inventory. This is a
cumulative record of student’s
interests. It affords the teachers to
check the interests of his students.
15

Exercises
1. A test that is made after certain norms has been
established
A. Standardized test C. Power test
B. Speed test D. Scale test
2. A test of intelligence based on the actual
measurement of what the individual can actually
do at a certain task under time pressure is
A. Performance test C. Achievement test
B. Aptitude test D. Preference test
16

3. A test given to get a representative sampling of the
general area of accomplishment made on certain
field of learning is called
A. Diagnostic test C. Survey test
B. Prognostic test D. Personality test
4. A test given to determine the student’s mastery of
some units of work taken up , without any
provision for individual differences among the
students.
A. Teacher-made test C. Achievement test
B. Mastery test D. Performance test
17

5. A test that determines a person’s ability to do a certain
work after he has undergone some form of training on the
job is
A. Achievement test C. Aptitude test
B. Accomplishment test D. Placement test
6. A test of one’s ability to apply what has been learned
particularly in school after a certain period of time is
referred to as
A. achievement test C. Aptitude test
B. Accomplishment test D. Placement test
18

7. A test which measures accuracy of an individual
in answering the test within the time limits
imposed is
A. Power test C. Speed test
B. Scale test D. Standardized test
8. What do you call a short written account about
the behavior of a given student?
A. Projective technique C. Conference
B. Anecdotal records D. Interest inventory
19

9. A one-to-one conversation between the student
and a teacher is
A. Observation C. Conference
B. Checklist D. Interest inventory
10. What diagram is used to determine the social
interaction among individuals in a group?
A. Scattergram C. Graph
B. Sociogram D. Rating Scale
20

Answer key
21
Answers:
1. A 2. A 3. C 4. B 5. C
6. B 7. C 8. B 9. C 10. B

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