3000 Presentation 7: Lecture 6 - Time
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The document discusses various techniques used in movies to manipulate the perception of time and space through editing. Time can be prolonged, condensed, rearranged or even reversed through editing techniques like slow motion, fast motion, reverse action, and time lapse. Space can be framed, represented, created, distorted or fractured and then reassembled. Transitions like cuts, dissolves, and jumps manipulate the connection between shots. Crosscutting and montage create narrative impact by cutting between different locations or times.
3000 Presentation 7: Lecture 6 - Time
- 1. Space & Time in Motion Pictures “This is Where I Came In” EMC/ JOUR 3000 Intro to Motion Pictures Edward Bowen
- 2. In movies, space can be • Framed • Represented • Created • Distorted • Fractured • Reassembled
- 3. In movies, time can be • Prolonged • Condensed • Rearranged • Even Reversed • By Editing • By Speed Manipulation
- 4. Time Editing – Concepts • Editing - The process of joining all of the bits of film together to constitute the completed motion picture.
- 5. Time Editing • The relation of one shot to the next, or many shots to each other.
- 6. Time Editing – Orson Welles Counterpoint, Harmony, Dissonance http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5GdYMEvbje8
- 8. Time Editing – Alfred Hitchcock Mosaic, Montage, Assembly, Impressionism, Orchestration http://youtu.be/NG0V7EVFZt4
- 9. Time Editing – Building Blocks • Frame – The individual sequential images that make up motion pictures; a single photograph on a strip of film.
- 10. Time Editing – Building Blocks • Frame http://youtu.be/xJcQgQHR78Q http://youtu.be/xJcQgQHR78Q
- 11. Time Editing – Punctuation and Transitions • Transition – The technique used to connect two shots together.
- 12. Time Editing – Punctuation and Transitions • Transition – The technique used to connect two shots together. • Cut - The direct connection of the two shots. Nothing comes between. One shot ends and the other begins. (Straight cut)
- 13. Time Editing – Punctuation and Transitions • Cut
- 14. Time Editing – Punctuation and Transitions • Cut http://youtu.be/xJcQgQHR78Q http://youtu.be/xJcQgQHR78Q
- 15. Time Editing – Punctuation and Transitions • Cut http://youtu.be/xJcQgQHR78Q http://youtu.be/xJcQgQHR78Q
- 16. Time Editing – Punctuation and Transitions • Transition – The technique used to connect two shots together. • Cut - The direct connection of the two shots. Nothing comes between. One shot ends and the other begins. (Straight cut) • Soft Cut - One that does not call attention to itself. You may not even notice that the shot has changed. (Invisible editing, cutting on action, continuity, matched action, motivated cutting). “Casablanca” “Singin’ in the Rain”
- 17. Time Editing – Punctuation and Transitions • Soft Cut – Invisible Editing
- 18. Time Editing – Punctuation and Transitions • Transition – The technique used to connect two shots together. • Cut - The direct connection of the two shots. Nothing comes between. One shot ends and the other begins. (Straight cut) • Soft Cut - One that does not call attention to itself. You may not even notice that the shot has changed. (Cutting on action, continuity, matched action, motivated cutting). “Casablanca” “Singin’ in the Rain” • Hard Cut - One that calls attention to itself. You notice that the image has changed. Bam! (abrupt, abrasive, discontinuous). Panic on the Beach “Jaws,” Shower Scene “Psycho,” “Battleship Potemkin”
- 19. Time Editing – Punctuation and Transitions • Hard Cut - One that calls attention to itself. You notice that the image has changed. Bam! (abrupt, abrasive, discontinuous).
- 20. Time Editing – Punctuation and Transitions • Transition – The technique used to connect two shots together. • Cut - The direct connection of the two shots. Nothing comes between. One shot ends and the other begins. (Straight cut) • Soft Cut - One that does not call attention to itself. You may not even notice that the shot has changed. (Cutting on action, continuity, matched action, motivated cutting). • Hard Cut - One that calls attention to itself. You notice that the image has changed. Bam! (Discontinuity) • Jump Cut – A hard cut that creates a displacement in time and space. Disjointed.
- 21. Time Editing – Punctuation and Transitions • Jump Cut – A hard cut that creates a displacement in time and space. Disjointed. Juimp Cuts in Old Movies http://youtu.be/F-Y3LtEkGgM
- 22. Time Editing – Punctuation and Transitions • Jump Cut – A hard cut that creates a displacement in time and space. Disjointed. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z0nM4-oYEGU
- 23. Time Editing – Punctuation and Transitions • Jump Cut – A hard cut that creates a displacement in time and space. Disjointed. Jump Cut Examples http://youtu.be/t1yUwWG5ikE
- 24. Time Editing – Punctuation and Transitions • Fade - A fade-out is the image in a shot going dark. A fade-in is a dark screen brightening into a clear image. Traditionally used to suggest changes in time and place. • Dissolve - An overlapping transition between two shots in which for a period of time both shots are seen. That is, there is a double image or superimposition of the two shots as one fades out and another fades in overtop.
- 25. Time Editing – Punctuation and Transitions • Dissolve
- 26. Time Editing – Punctuation and Transitions • Dissolve http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EFrVnOM23Sc
- 27. Time Editing – Building Blocks • Shot – In the final edited film, the continuous and uninterrupted material between editing transitions. • Scene - The smallest narrative unit of time, place, action. The action in a single location and continuous time. Unity of time and place. The last scene at the airport in “Casablanca.” The party scene in “Singin’ in the Rain.” The beach scene when the Kitner boy is killed in “Jaws.”
- 28. Time Editing – Building Blocks • Sequence – a) A series of scenes which comprise a distinct narrative unit, usually connected either by unity of action, theme, location or time; • b) events that take place in various locations in continuous time, or in various times in a consistent location. The rescue from “Birth of a Nation” Paris flashback from “Casablanca” Gotta Dance from “Singin’ in the Rain” Training from “Rocky” Promenade (Tourists on the Menu) from “Jaws” Heist from “Ocean’s Eleven” The Three Level Shared Dream from “Inception”
- 29. Time Editing – Concepts • Editing - The process of joining all of the bits of film together to constitute the completed motion picture. • Montage – The art of creating emotional or narrative impact through editing.
- 30. Time Editing – Concepts • Editing - The process of joining all of the bits of film together to constitute the completed motion picture. • Montage – The art of creating emotional or narrative impact through editing; the whole being more than the sum of the parts. The Odessa Steps in “The Battleship Potemkin” Watching the Neighbors in “Rear Window” The Shower Scene in “Psycho” Panic on the Beach in “Jaws”
- 31. Time Editing – Concepts • Cutting within a scene (“innercutting,” “intracutting,” intercutting) - The process of cutting between angles, views and details within a scene to develop the scene’s narrative.
- 32. Time Editing – Concepts • Cutting within a scene “Casablanca” (1942)
- 33. Time Editing – Concepts • Cutting within a scene “Requiem for a Dream” (2000)
- 34. Time Editing – Concepts • Crosscutting (Intercutting). Cutting back and forth between two different locations or among several different locations (often in parallel or simultaneous action), or times, or dream dimensions. The Rescue from “Birth of a Nation” The Baptism from “The Godfather” The Three Level Shared Dream from “Inception”
- 35. Time Editing – Concepts • Crosscutting (Intercutting). “Birth of a Nation” (1915) D.W. Griffith Birth of a Nation Clip 6 http://youtu.be/9t-7SVbLjBw
- 36. Time Editing – Concepts • Crosscutting (Intercutting). “Silence of the Lambs” (1991) Jonathan Demme
- 37. Time Editing – Concepts • Crosscutting (Intercutting). “Inception” (2010) Christopher Nolan Crosscutting - Inception http://youtu.be/KmptU7vEkNU
- 38. Time Editing – Concepts • Flashcutting. Using cuts that are so brief that they are barely perceptible to the human eye. Sometimes called subliminal cutting when used to establish a psychological subtext. “The Exorcist” http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TD0RJ_iuBPo
- 39. Compressing Time “The Avengers” (2012) Joss Whedon • Running Time – 143 Minutes • Narrative Time – Two Days “The Searchers” (1956) John Ford • Running Time – 119 Minutes • Narrative Time – Six Years “High Noon” (1952) Fred Zinnemann • Running Time – 85 Minutes (Originally 100 Minutes) • Narrative Time – 100 minutes “Cloud Atlas” (2012) Lana and Andy Wachowski and Tom Tykwer • Running Time –2 Hours and 44 Minutes • Narrative Time – 472 Years
- 40. Compressing Time • Hollywood Montage- “Yankee Doodle Dandy” (1942)
- 41. Compressing Time • Hollywood Montage- “The Roaring Twenties” (1939) http://www.tcm.com/mediaroom/video/247517/Roaring-Twenties- The-Movie-Clip-Volstead-Act.html
- 42. Compressing Time • Hollywood Montage- “Sullivan’s Travels” (1942) http://youtu.be/uveCYISORog
- 43. Compressing Time • Hollywood Montage- “Champion” (1949) http://www.tcm.com/mediaroom/video/21973/Champion-video-clip- training-montage-.html
- 44. Compressing Time • Hollywood Montage- “Rocky” (1976) Rocky Training – BEST QUALITY http://youtu.be/-ZKhpbfR-LE
- 45. Compressing Time • Hollywood Montage – “Team America: World Police” (2004) Trey Parker
- 46. Compressing Time • Fast motion - “Koyaanisqatsi” (1982) http://youtu.be/546AUDxeHKs
- 47. Compressing Time • Fast motion - “Koyaanisqatsi” (1982) http://youtu.be/mzsmU5sXM1M
- 48. Prolonging Time • Editing – “Notorious” (1946)
- 49. Prolonging Time • Slow motion – “Max Payne” (2008)
- 50. Prolonging Time • Slow motion – “Nuit Blanche” (2009) http://vimeo.com/groups/motion/videos/9078364
- 51. Manipulating Time - Ramping • Ramping – Changing speeds rapidly within a single shot.
- 52. Manipulating Time - Ramping • Ramping – “Sherlock Holmes” (2009) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ug15jIs1nus
- 53. Manipulating Time • Ramping – “Watchmen” (2009) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8Afk_onUh_s
- 54. Manipulating Time • Reverse Action – The story moves backwards. “Memento” (2000) Christopher Nolan http://youtu.be/Rq9eM4ZXRgs
- 55. Manipulating Time • Reverse Action – The story moves backwards. “The Last Three Minutes” (2010) Po Chan http://vimeo.com/10570139
- 56. Manipulating Time • Reverse motion – The action moves backwards. • “Spin” (2005) Jamin Winans http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oP59tQf_njc
- 57. Manipulating Time • Time Lapse – Super fast motion created by taking single frames of an object over time, compressing minutes, hours, days, weeks or years. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HnbMYzdjuBs
- 58. Manipulating Time • Time Lapse – Super fast motion created by taking single frames of an object over time, compressing minutes, hours, days, weeks or years. http://youtu.be/nkn2ZXWDl6k
- 59. Manipulating Time • Stop Motion – Single frame photography used to animate objects. Effect that makes the animation of drawings (cartoons) and inanimate objects (i.e. Claymation) possible. http://www.smashingmagazine.com/2008/12/31/50-incredible-stop-motion-videos/
- 60. Manipulating Time • Stop Motion http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m5QWUA17lwM
- 61. Manipulating Time • Stop Motion – “Jason and the Argonauts” (1963) http://www.rayharryhausen.com/index.php Ray Harryhausen
- 62. Manipulating Time • Stop Motion – “Jason and the Argonauts” (1963) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3NQ2GPoZ_j4
- 63. Manipulating Time • Stop Motion – “Neighbors” Norman McLaren (1952) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SZt_d_4OV-Q http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=2976945051371832639
- 64. Manipulating Time • Stop Motion – “Neighbors” Norman McLaren (1952) http://youtu.be/4YLBgXXxbMM
- 65. Manipulating Time • Stop Motion – “Her Morning Elegance” Oren Lavie (2009) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2_HXUhShhmY
- 66. Manipulating Time • Stop Motion – “End Love” OK Go (2010) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V2fpgpanZAw
- 67. Manipulating Time • Stop Motion – “Gulp” Aardman (2011) http://youtu.be/ieN2vhslTTU
- 68. Manipulating Time • Stop Motion – “Gulp” Aardman (2011) http://youtu.be/fza5QdTfyxs
- 69. Manipulating Time • Bullet Time – Time is slowed or frozen selectively for the characters and the environment, but not for certain characters or the camera, which move through the environment in real time. First popularized in “The Matrix” (1999) http://tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pmwiki.php/Main/BulletTime
- 70. Manipulating Time • Bullet Time – “The Matrix” (1999). http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KNrSNcaYiZg
- 71. Manipulating Time • Bullet Time – “The Matrix” (1999). http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_KtghA0rkDY
- 72. Manipulating Time • Bullet Time – CSI: Crime Scene Investigation (2010) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R9qjdUlRs7Y
- 73. Manipulating Time • Bullet Time – Philips Carousel Commercial (2009) http://youtu.be/lQ3D4CqHbJM
- 74. Manipulating Time • Bullet Time – Philips Carousel Commercial (2009) http://youtu.be/cAVeXJbbrao
- 75. Manipulating Time • Bullet Time – “The Other Guys” (2010) http://youtu.be/cAVeXJbbrao
- 76. Time and Space - “10 Minutes” (1994) http://vimeo.com/2455660