4 g technologies
- 1. 11 4G Network Architectures4G Network Architectures Final report to surveyFinal report to survey System issuesSystem issues Selected concepts for 4GSelected concepts for 4G Self-organizing ,Ad-hoc network for 4GSelf-organizing ,Ad-hoc network for 4G 林家彬林家彬
- 2. 22 ““4G4G”” Design ChallengesDesign Challenges Although 3G is an important first step, severalAlthough 3G is an important first step, several basic issues still need to be addressed for nextbasic issues still need to be addressed for next generation wireless systems:generation wireless systems: Fast/reliable broadband radios (PHY/MAC) with QoSFast/reliable broadband radios (PHY/MAC) with QoS ~100 Kbps~100 Kbps 1-10 Mbps with adaptivity, link reliability & Qos1-10 Mbps with adaptivity, link reliability & Qos Scalable system capacity for mass-market servicesScalable system capacity for mass-market services high service penetration implies ~Gbps/Sq-Kmhigh service penetration implies ~Gbps/Sq-Km Integration of multiple radio technologies into single IP networkIntegration of multiple radio technologies into single IP network unified mobility architectureunified mobility architecture New networking modes, e.g. multicast, multihop & peer-to-New networking modes, e.g. multicast, multihop & peer-to- peerpeer ...lower-cost infrastructure, networks that grow organically...lower-cost infrastructure, networks that grow organically
- 3. 33 4G System Issues4G System Issues
- 4. 44 4G System Issues:4G System Issues: Scaling ofScaling of CapacityCapacity The grand vision of ubiquitous wirelessThe grand vision of ubiquitous wireless and pervasive computing leads to aand pervasive computing leads to a serious capacity problem.serious capacity problem.
- 5. 55 4G System Issues:4G System Issues: Scaling ofScaling of Capacity (cont.)Capacity (cont.) 2G cellular:2G cellular: avail BW ~ 5 Mhz, spectral eff ~ 0.2-0.3 bps/Hzavail BW ~ 5 Mhz, spectral eff ~ 0.2-0.3 bps/Hz max capacity ~ 100 Kbps avg, 1 Mbps peak (with packetmax capacity ~ 100 Kbps avg, 1 Mbps peak (with packet MAC) per sq-KmMAC) per sq-Km 3G Cellular3G Cellular:: avail BW ~ 25 Mhz, spectral eff ~ 0.3-0.5 bps/Hzavail BW ~ 25 Mhz, spectral eff ~ 0.3-0.5 bps/Hz max capacity ~ 1 Mbps avg, 10 Mbps peak (with packetmax capacity ~ 1 Mbps avg, 10 Mbps peak (with packet MAC) per sq-KmMAC) per sq-Km Wireless LAN (802.11x, Hiperlan):Wireless LAN (802.11x, Hiperlan): avail BW ~ 100 Mhz, spectral eff ~ 0.2-0.3 bps/Hzavail BW ~ 100 Mhz, spectral eff ~ 0.2-0.3 bps/Hz max capacity ~ 100 Mbps avg, 1 Gbps peak per sq-Kmmax capacity ~ 100 Mbps avg, 1 Gbps peak per sq-Km
- 6. 66 4G System Issues:4G System Issues: Evolution ofEvolution of Radio Speed vs. MooreRadio Speed vs. Moore’’s Laws Law 4G systems can exploit Moore4G systems can exploit Moore’’s law advances ins law advances in radio speed, but need to work with shorter range...radio speed, but need to work with shorter range...
- 7. 77 4G System Issues:4G System Issues: ProtocolProtocol EvolutionEvolution
- 8. 88 Selected Concepts for 4GSelected Concepts for 4G
- 9. 99 PotentialPotential ““4G4G”” Network IdeasNetwork Ideas A few techniques for achieving the 4G design goalsA few techniques for achieving the 4G design goals discussed earlier:discussed earlier: 3G/WLAN Hot-Spots3G/WLAN Hot-Spots Use of WLAN in hot-spots for lower system cost,Use of WLAN in hot-spots for lower system cost, better end-user performance and more total capacitybetter end-user performance and more total capacity InfostationsInfostations Use ofUse of ““radio cachesradio caches”” for significant reduction infor significant reduction in average cost per bit, facilitating qualitatively newaverage cost per bit, facilitating qualitatively new mobile servicesmobile services Self-organizing, ad-hoc wireless access networksSelf-organizing, ad-hoc wireless access networks Ad-hoc wireless network protocols which supportAd-hoc wireless network protocols which support multihop and peer-to-peer service models, particularlymultihop and peer-to-peer service models, particularly for low-tier uses (in-home, sensors, etc.)for low-tier uses (in-home, sensors, etc.) Content-based multicastingContent-based multicasting ...new network service paradigms for location- and...new network service paradigms for location- and person-aware information delivery to mobilesperson-aware information delivery to mobiles
- 10. 1010 Self-organizing, ad-hocSelf-organizing, ad-hoc networks for 4Gnetworks for 4G
- 11. 1111 4G Mobile Network features4G Mobile Network features Some desirable new features for 4GSome desirable new features for 4G networks are:networks are: Unified IP-based protocol architecture withUnified IP-based protocol architecture with support for multiple radiossupport for multiple radios Multicasting, caching and security features, etc.Multicasting, caching and security features, etc. Hierarchical support of high-tier (cellular), medHierarchical support of high-tier (cellular), med tier (WLAN) and low-tier (personal area, sensortier (WLAN) and low-tier (personal area, sensor nets)nets) Self-organizing, ad-hoc wireless discovery &Self-organizing, ad-hoc wireless discovery & routingrouting
- 12. 1212 4G Mobile Networks:4G Mobile Networks: Hierarchy &Hierarchy & Self-OrganizationSelf-Organization Hierarchical, self-organizing networkHierarchical, self-organizing network concept currently under consideration,concept currently under consideration, based on:based on: 3 service tiers (cellular, WLAN, personal area)3 service tiers (cellular, WLAN, personal area) BSBS’’s, APs, AP’’s, FNs, FN’’s (forwarding radio nodes),s (forwarding radio nodes), user devicesuser devices automatic discovery and power managementautomatic discovery and power management protocolsprotocols hierarchical, ad-hoc multi-hop routinghierarchical, ad-hoc multi-hop routing
- 13. 1313 4G Mobile Networks:4G Mobile Networks: ““network ofnetwork of wireless networkswireless networks””
- 14. 1414 4G Mobile Networks:4G Mobile Networks: An ExperimentalAn Experimental TestbedTestbed
- 15. 1515 Compare 3G & 4GCompare 3G & 4G Comparison of 3G and 4GComparison of 3G and 4G 3G:3G: --Back compatible to 2G.--Back compatible to 2G. --Circuit and packet switched networks.--Circuit and packet switched networks. --Combination of existing & evolved equipment.--Combination of existing & evolved equipment. --Data rate (up to 2Mbps).--Data rate (up to 2Mbps). 4G:4G: --Extend 3G capacity.--Extend 3G capacity. --Entirely packet switched networks.--Entirely packet switched networks. --All network elements are digital.--All network elements are digital. --Higher bandwidth (up to 100Mbps).--Higher bandwidth (up to 100Mbps).
- 16. 1616 The NEWS about 4GThe NEWS about 4G ASIA : South Korean is already arranging an auction of 4G wireless licenses across wireless and broadband internet. • Successful Demo of Beyond-3G Wireless IP • NEC Europe Ltd announced the successful completion of the three-year “Moby Dick Project”, aimed at developing a seamless converged mobile network architecture based on Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6). • Life After 3G Wireless • With 3G set for widespread launch in 2004 across Europe, operators are already thinking about the post 3G world and what comes next. • • First Step Towards Full Range of WiMax / 4G Applications • This successful implementation of the OFDM waveform is the first step in Military Technologies plan to implement the complete IEEE 802.16 family of wireless data applications
- 17. 1717 • 4G Wireless 10 Years Away • 4G? Not in this decade. “I would recommend that the newspaper community forget about 4G,” Dr Keiji Tachikawa, president and CEO of NTT DoCoMo • Basestation Architectures for 3G Wireless • picoChip Designs Ltd announced the world's most powerful processing device for wireless infrastructure. • The New WiFi Gels With 4G • more robust standard for high-speed broadband wireless delivery to laptops and desktops will augment the burgeoning WiFi market beginning in late 2004. The position of the 802.16a standard today parallels that of WLAN technology in the late 1990’s, when the market finally grew as 802.11 price vs. performance gains converted WLAN from a niche to mass market.