400G-ZR - Impacting Networks in 2021 and Beyond
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The document discusses advancements in networking architecture and technology strategies, focusing on disaggregated optical networks and the evolution of routing silicon, particularly highlighting the importance of standardization and simplification. It emphasizes the transition towards high-touch NPUs and the emergence of new business models driven by competition and reduced vendor lock-in, alongside the need for optimized bandwidth and power consumption. The report also outlines the ongoing production deployments of 400G-ZR technologies and the anticipated impact on the optical networking market dynamics.
400G-ZR - Impacting Networks in 2021 and Beyond
- 1. Johan Gustawsson Head of Network Engineering & Architecture @gustawsson
- 2. Telia Carrier Backbone #1 Internet backbone 70k km of fiber 65% of Global Internet Routes 70Tbps+ of edge traffic 323+ PoPs Globally
- 3. KEY ENABLERS DRIVING TECHNOLOGY STRATEGY Internal EVOLVING ROUTING SILICON LANDSCAPE 1 DISAGGREGATED OPTICAL NETWORKS 2 DWDM PLUGGABLES & STANDARDIZATION 3
- 4. WHEN MOORE’S LAW HITS SP/TELCO NETWORKING StrataDNX Jericho2(c+) 4.8Tbps (7.2 Tbps) High-Touch NPU 0.5 Tbps BW-optimized ASIC: +5900% • High-touch NPUs as characterized by low frequency, iterative, performance increases – optimized for logical scaling; not bandwidth • What if we can reduce complexity accumulated over the past two decades and trade flexibility for bandwidth & power efficiency? • Exponential, high-freq., Moore’s Law-like improvements incentivize far shorter economically viable life-times of hardware – enabled by: − Ruthless standardization and simplification to achieve automated OPS, shorter validation and sourcing in order to adopt new technologies faster − Granular & aggressive depreciation of faster-evolving components − Predictability – Shorter cycles offset traditional telco/SP risk-adverseness when it comes to future technology needs • IP/MPLS architectures are evolving as a result: • Decoupled network and services architectures – high-touch NPUs are isolated to on-a-stick distributed overlay deployments where needed • Simple, standards-based and reduced feature and protocol stacks • Shift to network-centric availability schemas, enabling use of simple fixed single/back-to-back chip systems where density allows; avoiding lock-in • Uniform building blocks across all roles for consistency in behavior and supporting the thermal reqs. of high-power coherent optical modules • Changing cost structures drive different architectural incentives ASICs NOW EXCEED EXPONENTIALLY INCREASING BANDWIDTH DEMANDS High-touch NPU: +269%
- 5. HOW FAR INTO THE TRANSITION HAVE WE COME? 2021-01-22 …20% of which is 400GE-capable 70% of capacity on BW/power-optimized ASICs % Jericho2 (50G SerDes)
- 6. SILICON EVOLUTION DRIVES TRANSFORMATION Cost structure revolution fueled by fewer & simple building blocks, volumes and healthy competition BW/Power optimized platforms host 70% of overall capacity, but only consume 30% of the total power Optical networking market dynamics need to evolve as the relative size of the problem will be ever-increasing
- 7. KEY ENABLERS DRIVING TECHNOLOGY STRATEGY Internal EVOLVING ROUTING SILICON LANDSCAPE 1 DISAGGREGATED OPTICAL NETWORKS 2 DWDM PLUGGABLES & STANDARDIZATION 3
- 8. OPTICAL NETWORKING: THE LAST STRONGHOLD FOR CLOSED ECOSYSTEMS • Competition, enabled by partial disaggregation, provides a sensible split across finance (accounting), technology and commercials for components with very different economic viability and innovation cycles: • Open Optical Line-Systems (ROADMs, Amps, Mux/Demux) • Client Pluggables • Optical Terminals (transponders) • ..Striking the right balance in OPEX overhead to achieve: • Reduced commercial and technical/roadmap vendor lock-in • Bottoms-up pricing and unhiding of actual vendor COGS • Vendor competition to the faster-moving components such as transponders (>75% of Optical CAPEX) and longer amortization of slower-moving optical line-systems Forcing internal cross-org. evolution to embrace alien wavelengths as the new normal
- 9. IP OVER DWDM, FOR THE FIRST TIME, MAKES SENSE All prerequisites are met • Routing silicon that exceed bandwidth demands, redefine cost structures and support systems hosting high-power modules − Architectural shift in topologies and building blocks in full swing to reap the benefits of long-term trends − 3,500x+ 400GE capable router ports in prod. by late Q1/2021, actively converting 100GEs to 400GEs out of $/bit & power efficiency • Open Optical Line-Systems - driving competition, bottoms-up pricing and making alien wavelengths the default • Standards-based 400G-ZR / Open-ZR+ for multi-vendor interoperability in industry-standard QSFP form-factor EVOLVING ROUTING SILICON LANDSCAPE 1 DISAGGREGATED OPTICAL NETWORKS 2 DWDM PLUGGABLES & STANDARDIZATION 3
- 10. IP OVER DWDM, FOR THE FIRST TIME, MAKES SENSE Key Drivers of 400G-ZR(+) and beyond • Granular PAYG to transponders (highest cost component) - without vendor risk premium and book-ending. Enables just-in-time investments and independent vendor choices − Continuous, healthy, vendor competition through standardization and interoperability without book-ending • Eliminate components incl. grey back-to-back optics and discrete shelves to reduce CAPEX and OPEX − Collapsed diversity requirements to lowest common denominator (router) • Uniform router blade for all*, mix-and-match, apps. at full face-plate density thanks to QSFP form-factor − Simpler capacity and power planning, better ROI − Fewer SKUs to maintain, simpler life-cycle and spare-part management − No router-transponder chassis speed & hardware cycle mismatches − Faster installations and deployments
- 11. 400G-ZR(+) 2021 PRODUCTION DEPLOYMENTS Internal Why start in the metro? • Relaxed performance and spectral efficiency (b/s/Hz) requirements, suitable for standard ZR/OpenZR+ FECs and QSFP form-factor • Simple, point-to-point, structures • Most viable volume use-cases for the foreseeable future, with many uplinks requiring multiple 400GE per direction already • Already, pre-volume, very cost-favorable to traditional options • Validated interoperability: Arista R3, Cisco 8000 & NCS5700 2021 Production Deployments and Commitments • Arista-Cisco interop. deployments booked for multiple EU and US metros, just waiting for deliveries and installations • Over darkfibre and Metro DWDM, OFEC and CFEC • Validation of additional module vendors and legacy line-systems, standardize designs of separate add/drop stages, booster configs High-touch NPU on-a-stick High-touch NPU on-a-stick Open Line-Systems Inner-core Inner-core Aggregation Aggregation
- 12. 2021-01-22 Without necessarily doing anything wrong, if your fail to catch (exploit) the trends of tomorrow, someone else will and – you still lose