4_Traditional html vs xhtml.ppt
- 2. • XHTML 1.0 was created shortly after HTML 4.01 to help the transition of hypertext to a new generation of mark-up languages for text. • XHTML 1.1 is an additional step toward a more flexible version of hypertext with the full benefits of XML architecture and integration of different technologies. • Note that XHTML 1.1 has slightly improved the semantics of HTML 4.01 by including the Ruby module, used in particular languages like Japanese scripts.
- 3. What Is XHTML? • XHTML stands for EXtensible HyperText Markup Language • XHTML is almost identical to HTML • XHTML is stricter than HTML • XHTML is HTML defined as an XML application • XHTML is supported by all major browsers
- 4. Why XHTML? • Many pages on the internet contain "bad" HTML. • This HTML code works fine in most browsers (even if it does not follow the HTML rules): <html> <head> <title>This is bad HTML</title> <body> <h1>Bad HTML <p>This is a paragraph </body>
- 5. • Today's market consists of different browser technologies. • Some browsers run on computers, and some browsers run on mobile phones or other small devices. • XML is a markup language where documents must be marked up correctly (be "well-formed"). • By combining the strengths of HTML and XML, XHTML was developed. • XHTML is HTML redesigned as XML.
- 6. The Most Important Differences from HTML: • Document Structure • XHTML Elements • XHTML Attributes
- 7. Document Structure • XHTML DOCTYPE is mandatory • The xmlns attribute in <html> is mandatory • <html>, <head>, <title>, and <body> are mandatory
- 8. XHTML Elements • XHTML elements must be properly nested • XHTML elements must always be closed • XHTML elements must be in lowercase • XHTML documents must have one root element • XHTML Attributes
- 9. XHTML Attributes • Attribute names must be in lower case • Attribute values must be quoted • Attribute minimization is forbidden
- 12. <!DOCTYPE ....> Is Mandatory • An XHTML document must have an XHTML DOCTYPE declaration. • The <html>, <head>, <title>, and <body> elements must also be present, and the xmlns attribute in <html> must specify the xml namespace for the document. • This example shows an XHTML document with a minimum of required tags:
- 14. XHTML Elements Must Be Properly Nested