5-4 Classifying Reactions
- 1. Write the formula for the following compounds: Potassium hydroxide KOH Sulfur dioxide SO 2 Iron (II) phosphate Fe 3 (PO 4 ) 2 Tetracarbon octahyride C 4 H 8 Warm-up ( own paper )
- 2. 5-4 Types of reactions Objectives Classify chemical reactions as synthesis, decomposition, single-replacement, double-replacement, or combustion reactions.
- 4. Classifying Reactions Three classes (types) of matter Solid, liquid, gas Reactions can also be classified differently. Synthesis – combining two reactants to make one product. A + B AB 2H 2 + O 2 2H 2 O
- 5. Classifying Reactions Decomposition – Compound breaks down into two or more simpler substances. AB A + B CaCO 3 CaO + CO 2
- 6. Classifying Reactions Single replacement – one element takes the place of another element in a compound. A + BC B + AC Cu + 2AgNO 3 Cu(NO 3 ) 2 + 2Ag
- 7. Activity Series After experimentation chemists compiled a list of elements arranged in decreasing activity. The element at the top of the list will replace those elements at the bottom. Activity series of Metals Lithium (Li) Potassium (K) Calcium (Ca) Sodium (Na) Magnesium (Mg) Aluminum (Al) Zinc (Zn) Reactivity Decreases Iron (Fe) Lead (Pb) Hydrogen (H) Copper (Cu) Mercury (Hg) Silver (Ag)
- 8. Classifying Reactions Double Replacement – two different compounds exchange positive ions and form two new compounds. AB + CD AD + CB Pb(NO 3 ) 2 + 2KI PbI 2 + 2KNO 3 CaCO 3 + 2HCl CaCl 2 + H 2 CO 3 H 2 CO 3 CO 2 + H 2 O
- 9. Combustion A reaction in which a substance reacts rapidly with oxygen, often producing heat and light. C x H y + O 2 CO 2 + 2H 2 O (+ Heat + Light) Most combustion reactions are with carbon (organic compounds.) 2H 2 + O 2 2H 2 O Combustion of hydrogen, but also a synthesis.
- 11. 5-4 Summary What are the five types of reactions? Synthesis Decomposition Single-replacement Double-replacement Combustion