6th std 1. when, where and how
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This document provides an overview of history, defining it as the study of past events organized chronologically. It discusses the importance of understanding history, various time classifications, and the methodologies historians and archaeologists use to gather information. The document also details different sources of historical evidence, including archaeological artifacts, inscriptions, and literary texts.
6th std 1. when, where and how
- 1. Prepared By: Navya Rai Grade – 6 – Social Science - History Chapter 1 – When, Where and How
- 2. What is History? History is the study of past events set in a chronological order. The word history has been derived from the Greek word historia. It means narration of the past events. The Scholars who help us to reconstruct the stories of the past called historians.
- 3. Importance of Studying the Past To understand people and societies better. To survive difficult time. To know our own route. To develop an objective perspective
- 4. Time and Dates Historians have divided the past into three broad time periods to make the study more convenient: Classification of History Prehistory Protohistory History
- 5. Dating the Events of History History is the study of past events in chronological order. The year of Jesus birth was assigned as year one. The years before real one are known as before Christ or B.C The years after that are known as Anno Domini or A.D. which means in Latin “In the year of our Lord”.
- 6. How do we name Centuries? A century is hundred years. Therefore the years between 1 to year 100 is referred as first century CE.
- 7. Applying Geography to Interpret the Past Geography is helpful in understanding the location of settlements, the movement of people and the creation of States. 1. Why did the earliest cities flourish near the banks of rivers? 2. Discovery of Monsoon Because of Farming
- 8. Conti… 3. Geography also tells us that about India has a long coastline with many harbours and natural ports. 4. Himalayan Mountains; Mountain passes in the Himalayan range made it possible for people from Iran, Afghanistan and Central Asia to enter India.
- 9. Timeline A timeline is a way of displaying a list of events in chronological order.
- 10. Sources of History The sources of History are broadly divided into two categories. Sources of Information Archeological Sources Monuments Inscriptions Coins Artefactts Literary Sources Religious Secular Foreign Accounts
- 11. Archaeological Sources The study of the past examining the remaining materials is called archeology. The people who study these remains are known as archaeologists. Archaeological sources are buried under the ground and can be recovered by digging up the ground. This process of digging is called excavation. The Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) was established in 1861 during the British rule in India.
- 12. Monuments: Monuments include temples, mosques, tombs, churches, forts, palaces, step-wells and rock- cut caves. Examples: Taj Mahal Pillar of Ashoka The study of inscriptions known as epigraphy. Inscriptions inform us about the life and reign of kings.
- 13. Coins : The study of coins is called numismatics. Hoards of coins have been recovered from different parts of the country. The coins discovered were made of various metals like copper, bronze, gold and silver. The study of the old writing systems found on the inscriptions and other old records is called palaeography.
- 14. Global Connect Inscriptions of ancient times were written in many scripts and languages. The Egyptians developed one of the earliest scripts in history, called hieroglyphs. Hieroglyphs involved pictographic representation of objects. Each object denoted a letter of the alphabet. For example, a palm denoted the letter B, while the lion stood for the letter L. The historians gradually deciphered their script and read their inscriptions.
- 15. Artefacts: Artefacts are old pieces of things or belongings of people. They include pottery, jewellery, toys, seals, pieces of cloth and other remains which the people used during the course of their lives.
- 16. Literary Sources: Literary sources comprise all types of texts written on various materials. Our ancestors wrote on birch bark or palm leaves known as bhojpatras. Literary sources inform us about the political, social, economic, religious and cultural life of our ancestors.
- 17. Literary sources broadly divided into three categories: Literary Sources Religious Literature Secular Literature Foreign Accounts
- 18. Religious Literature • Vedas, the Ramayana, the Mahabharata, the Puranas and the Aranyakas Secular Literature • The Dharma Sutras and Kautilyas Arthashastra • Kalidasa, Surdarka, Bhasa, Banabhatta Foreign Accounts • Indika by Megasthenes • Fa-Hsein and Hiuen Tsang from China
- 19. THANK YOU