8.2 (a) meaning of qualitative analysis
- 1. Brown Ring Reaction Fig. 3. When excess NaOH is added, the precipitate redissolves as the Al(OH) 4 - complex ion is formed. Fig. 2. Al(OH) 3 precipitates with the addition of NaOH. Fig. 1. Al(NO 3 ) 3 in solution.
- 2. Synthesing Qualitative Analysis Of Salt State the meaning of qualitative analysis Make inferences on salts based on their colour and solubility in water
- 3. What is Qualitative Analysis Techniques for identify species in chemistry Involving several chemical tests
- 4. Techniques Physical properties on salt Salt colour Solubility in water
- 5. solubility in water Soluble No soluble Sulphate, SO 2- 4 BaSO 4 ,CaSO 4 , PbSO 4 Choloride, Cl - AgCl, PbCl 2 , HgCl 2 Carbonate. CO 2- 3 Na 2 CO 2- 3 , K 2 CO 2- 3 , Nitrate, NO - 3 (NH 4 ) 2 CO 3 Ammoniun, NH + 4
- 6. Colour Of Salt Solid anions Aqueous solution cations
- 7. Cations Al 3+ , Zn 2+ , Cu 2+ , Pb 2+ , Ca 2+ , Fe 2+ , Fe 3+ , NH 4+ , Mg 2 + Anions CO 3 2- , NO 3 - , Cl - , SO 4 2-
- 8. Reagent for determines cations sodium hydroxide solution Solution of sodium hydroxide add Precipitation If NOT NH + 4 YES excess Soluble Non soluble Al3+, Zn2+, Pb2+, Ca2+, Mg2 +, Cu2+, Fe2+, Fe3+,
- 9. Reagents for identify anions CO 3 2 - - add dilute nitrite acid - gives bubbles of gases - flow the gas into limestone - cloudy Cl - - add dilute nitrite acid - add silver nitrate solution - white precipitation formed
- 10. Con… SO 4 2- - add dilute acid nitrite solution - add barium chloride solution - white precipitation formed NO 3 - - add sulfuric acid into ferric acid solution - drop strong sulfuric acid - brown ring formed.
- 11. Colours of salt
- 12. Identify The Salt Colour Of salt
- 13. Identification Of Salt Fe + 3 , I 2 CuCl 2 Cr 2 O 2- 7 , Br 2 Cu 2 CO 2- 3 Fe 2 +
- 14. Techniques In Qualitative Analysis Substances are heated Make sure no any changes Used small amount of salt Used borosilicate test tube Avoid test tube faced on you Prepared aqueous solution Used distilled water Used 0.5-1.0g salt for 20cm 3 solution Used warm water if needed
- 15. Used Correct Amount Of Acid used forceps to transfer the acid into the test tube Used Correct amount Of reagent 2cm 3 reagent for 2cm 3 solution that tested
- 16. Guidelines In Analysis Qualitative Make sure all the apparatus are clean Solid / aqueous solution prepared Test for identify anion and cation Observation Record the first and last colour of solution record observation Make inferences
- 17. IQ TEST (QUIZ) What is qualitative analysis? 2. State three kinds of soluble salt 3. What is the colour for cations Fe 2+ and Fe 3+