A Proposed Virtualization Technique to Enhance IT Services

I.J. Information Technology and Computer Science, 2012, 12, 21-30
Published Online November 2012 in MECS (http://www.mecs-press.org/)
DOI: 10.5815/ijitcs.2012.12.02
Copyright © 2012 MECS I.J. Information Technology and Computer Science, 2012, 12, 21-30
A Proposed Virtualization Technique to Enhance
IT Services
1
Dr Nashaat el-Khameesy & 2
Hossam Abdel Rahman Mohamed
1
Prof. and Head of Computers & Information systems Chair, Sadat Academy
2
Computer & Information System Dept - Sadat Academy, Computer & Information System Dept - Sadat Academy for
management Science –Maady-Cairo-Egypt
1
Wessasalsol@gmail.com & 2
Hrahman@Transit.com.eg , HAbdel@Enr.gov.eg
Abstract— System virtualization is an antique art that
will continue as long as applications need isolation and
performance independence. Virtualization provides
many benefits and greater efficiency in CPU utilization,
greener IT with less power consumption, better
management through central environmental control,
more availability, reduced project timelines by
eliminating hardware procurement, improved disaster
recovery capability, more central control of the desktop,
and improved outsourcing services. In this paper we
will deliver new and enhanced IT services in less time
and with greater agility. The goal of providing rapid
near real-time response to customer requirements is in
part being achieved by taking advantage of
virtualization. Virtualization provides many benefits,
including improved physical resource utilization,
improved hardware efficiency, and reduced power and
cooling expenses. However, it introduces another set of
systems (virtual machines) that have to be controlled,
provisioned, managed, updated, patched, and retired.
This paper is organized into the following areas- An
introduction to virtualization and its benefits, the
Challenges of Virtualization techniques, an overview of
the hardware virtualization technique, an overview of
the software virtualization technique. The paper also
proposes an effective and flexible distributed scheme
with three phases, opposing to its predecessors. Our
scheme achieves reducing the workload of a data center
and continual service improvement.
Index Terms— Virtualization techniques, Virtual
Machine, Hypervisors,Virtual Centre, Server Clustering
I. Introduction
Virtualization is, at its foundation, a technique for
hiding the physical characteristics of computing
resources from the way in which other systems,
applications, or end users interact with those resources.
This includes making a single physical resource (such
as a server, an operating system, an application, or
storage device) appear to function as multiple logical
resources; or it can include making multiple physical
resources (such as storage devices or servers) appear as
a single logical resource. [1]
Virtualization is the
approach of making one resource look like many or
many resources look like one. For example, Virtual
Machines have long been used to make a single
computer look like more than one (and Virtual Storage
was used to divide up the real storage in a computer for
each of the virtual machines). Conversely, Grid
Computing makes many independent computers work
together as a single, virtual, computer. Networked
storage (SAN and NAS technologies) likewise makes
many separate units of storage appear as one large pool.
And, in networking, Virtual LANs take a single Local
Area Network and create logically-isolated sub-LANs
(usually for performance or security purposes). [2]
Virtualization provides compelling business value.
Organizations can enhance IT service performance and
scalability, achieving greater capacity (server MIPS,
storage GB, network K/M/Gbps) than is available from
a single instance of a resource. Efficiency is improved
through consolidating the workloads of several under-
utilized resources (storage, servers, or networks) to
improve resource utilization and reduce overall
hardware, software, and management costs.
Virtualization can also be used to enhance availability
and security through containing untrusted applications
(e.g. JAVA applets) in a controlled environment or
isolating networks and servers into "zones" of trust. [3]
Virtualization can be viewed as part of an overall trend
in enterprise IT that includes autonomic computing, a
scenario in which the IT environment will be able to
manage itself based on perceived activity, and utility
computing, in which computer processing power is seen
as a utility that clients can pay for only as needed. The
usual goal of virtualization is to centralize
administrative tasks while improving scalability and
overall hardware-resource utilization. [4]
II. Virtualization Techniques Challenges [5],[6],[7]
While virtualization offers a number of significant
business benefits, it also introduces some new
management challenges that must be considered and
planned for by companies considering a virtualization
strategy. The key virtualization technique challenges for
companies adopting virtualization include:

22 A Proposed Virtualization Technique to Enhance IT Services
2.1 Bandwidth Implications
Enterprises should make sure they have the
appropriate network bandwidth for their virtualization
requirements. For example, instead of one server using
a 100Mb Ethernet cable, now 10 or even 100 virtual
servers must share the same physical pipe. While less of
a problem within the data center or for communication
between virtual servers running in a single machine,
network bandwidth is a significant issue for application
streaming and remote desktop virtualization. These
technologies deliver quite substantial traffic to end users,
in most cases significantly higher than is required for
standard-installed desktop computing. Streaming
technologies, although in many cases more efficient
than complete application delivery, also impose high
bandwidth requirements.
2.2 Image Proliferation
Operating system and server virtualization can lead to
a rapid proliferation of system images, because it is so
much easier and faster to deploy a new virtual image
than to deploy a new physical server, without approval
or hardware procurement. This can impose very high
management and maintenance costs, and potentially
lead to significant licensing issues including higher
costs and compliance risks. This proliferation also leads
to significant storage issues, such as competing I/O and
extreme fragmentation, requiring much faster and multi-
channel disk access, and more maintenance time, effort,
and cost. Enterprises need to manage their virtual
environment with the same level of discipline as their
physical infrastructure, using discovery tools to detect
and prevent new systems from being created without
following proper process.
2.3 Human Issues
Enterprises should not underestimate the potential for
human issues to affect their virtualization plans
adversely. Virtualization requires a new set of skills and
methodologies, not just within IT, but often (certainly in
the case of application and desktop virtualization) in the
end-user community. Perhaps most importantly, this
new technology requires new and creative thinking, not
just new training and skills.
2.4 Policy-Based Management
Enterprises should look to deploy automated policy
based management alongside their virtualization
strategy. Resource management, for example, should
include automated policy-based tools for disk allocation
and usage, I/O rates, CPU usage, memory allocation
and usage, and network I/O. Management tools need to
be able to throttle resources in shared environments, to
maintain service levels and response times appropriate
to each virtual environment. Administrators should be
able to set maximum limits, and allocate resources
across virtual environments proportionally. Allocations
need to have the capability to change dynamically to
respond to peaks and troughs in load characteristics.
Management tools will also be required to automate
physical to virtual, virtual to virtual, and virtual to
physical migration.
2.5 Security
While virtualization can have many worthwhile
security benefits, security also becomes more of a
management issue in a virtualized environment. There
will be more systems to secure, more points of entry,
more holes to patch, and more interconnection points –
across virtual systems (where there is most likely no
router or firewall), as well as across physical systems.
Access to the host environment becomes more critical,
as it will often allow access to multiple guest images
and applications. Enterprises need to secure virtual
images just as well as they secure physical systems. [8],
[9].
III. Virtualization Technique
Virtualization refers to the abstraction of logical
resources away from their underlying physical
resources to improve agility and flexibility, reduce costs,
and thus enhance business value. Virtualization allows a
set of underutilized physical infrastructure components
to be consolidated into a smaller number of better
utilized devices, contributing to significant cost savings.
3.1 Hardware Virtualization
Hardware virtualization means that an application
executes on virtualized hardware as opposed to physical
hardware. ―Virtual hardware‖ seems to be a
contradictory term because the hardware is supposed to
have a physical existence. Furthermore, the terms
―virtual hardware‖ and ―hardware virtualization‖ are
used for different concepts in literature. We will discuss
in this section the techniques of Memory virtualization,
Power virtualization, Network virtualization and
Storage virtualization.
3.1.1 Network Virtualization Technique [11]
Network virtualization techniques can be leveraged
in the networking infrastructure to achieve the same
benefits obtained through server and storage
virtualization. Moreover the network, especially in the
data center, must also support this new dynamic
environment where the computing and storage
infrastructures are consolidated and virtualized, to meet
new requirements (VM mobility, for example) and
facilitate the delivery of IT services across
heterogeneous network access technologies to multiple
end user devices.
Network interface virtualization - these techniques
refer to the Ethernet NICs and how they can be

A Proposed Virtualization Technique to Enhance IT Services 23
partitioned or aggregated. Sometimes these features are
categorized as I/O Virtualization techniques.
Network Link virtualization - these techniques refer
to how physical wires can be logically aggregated or
partitioned to increase throughput and reliability or to
provide traffic separation using the same physical
infrastructure.
Network Node virtualization - these techniques refer
to how network devices can be logically aggregated.
Data Centre Network-wide virtualization- these
techniques extend the virtualization domain to the
whole Data Centre Network and even to the WAN in
case there are multiple Data Centers.
3.1.2 Memory Virtualization Technique
This involves sharing the physical system memory
and dynamically allocating it to virtual machines.
Virtual machine memory virtualization is very similar
to the virtual memory support provided by modern
operating systems. Applications see a contiguous
address space that is not necessarily tied to the
underlying physical memory in the system. The
operating system keeps mappings of virtual page
numbers to physical page numbers stored in the page
tables. All modern x86 CPUs include a memory
management unit (MMU) and a translation look-aside-
buffer (TLB) to optimize virtual memory performance.
[12]
To run multiple virtual machines on a single system,
another level of memory virtualization is required. In
other words, one has to virtualize the MMU to support
the guest OS. The guests OS continues to control the
mapping of virtual addresses to the guest memory
physical addresses, but the guest OS cannot have direct
access to the actual machine memory. [13]
The VMM is
responsible for mapping guest physical memory to the
actual machine memory, and it uses shadow page tables
to accelerate the mappings. As depicted by the red line
in Figure 1.
Fig. 1: VMM uses TLB hardware to map the virtual memory directly to the machine memory
The VMM uses TLB hardware to map the virtual
memory directly to the machine memory to avoid the
two levels of translation on every access. When the
guest OS changes the virtual memory to physical
memory mapping, the VMM updates the shadow page
tables to enable a direct lookup. MMU virtualization
creates some overhead for all virtualization approaches,
but this is the area where second generation hardware
assisted virtualization will offer efficiency gains. [14].
3.1.3 Power Virtualization Technique
The Power VM platform is the family of technologies,
capabilities, and offerings that deliver leading
virtualization on the Power Systems .It is the new
umbrella branding term for Power Systems
Virtualization (Logical Partitioning, Micro-
Partitioning™, Power Hypervisor, Virtual I/O Server,
Live Partition Mobility, Workload Partitions, and so on).
[15], [16]
as with Advanced Power Virtualization in the
past, Power VM is a combination of hardware
enablement and value-added software. There are three
versions of Power VM, suited for different purposes:
Power VM Express Edition- This edition is intended
for evaluations, pilots, proof of concepts, generally in
single-server projects.
Power VM Standard Edition- This edition is intended
for production deployments, and server consolidation.
Power VM Enterprise Edition- the Enterprise Edition
is suitable for large server deployments such as multi-
server deployments and cloud infrastructure.
3.1.4 Storage Virtualization Technique
Storage virtualization refers to the process of
completely abstracting logical storage from physical
storage. The physical storage resources are aggregated
into storage pools, from which the logical storage is
created. It presents to the user a logical space for data
storage and transparently handles the process of
mapping it to the actual physical location. This is
currently implemented inside each modern disk array,

using the vendor's proprietary solution. However, the
goal is to virtualize multiple disk arrays, made by
different vendors, scattered over the network, into a
single monolithic storage device, which can be
managed uniformly.
Currently, storage is virtualized by partitioning the
SAN into separate partitions called Logical Unit
Numbers (LUNs). Each LUN can only be connected to
one server at a time. [17]
This SAN is connected to the
server through a Fibre Channel connection switch.
The advantages of SAN virtualization
are:(Centralized stored data, Ease of backup of stored
data, Ability to remap a LUN to a different server in
case of server failure, Storage appears local to servers
and to users, Improves utilization and reduces storage
growth, Reduces power and cooling requirements)
3.2 Software Virtualization
Software virtualization is the virtualization of
applications or computer programs. The concept is
similar to hardware virtualization where physical
machines are simulated as virtual machines. Software
virtualization involves creating a virtual layer or virtual
hard drive space where applications can be installed.
From this virtual space, applications can then run as
though they have been installed onto host OS. We will
discuss in this section the techniques Application
virtualization, Operating System virtualization, Desktop
virtualization and Server virtualization.
3.2.1 Application Virtualization Technique
An Application Virtualization transforms
applications into virtualized, network-available services
resulting in dynamic delivery of software that is not
installed, minimizes application conflicts, and reduces
costly application compatibility testing. Users and their
application environments are no longer machine-
specific, and the machines themselves are no longer
user-specific, enabling IT to be flexible and responsive
to business needs, and significantly reducing the cost of
PC management, including application and operating
system (OS) migrations[18].
Application Virtualization Advantages:
Minimize application conflicts and regression testing-
By reducing the requirement to install applications on
desktops or terminal servers, and shielding the OS and
applications from changes created when applications
are installed, Application Virtualization minimizes the
problems that hinder application deployments. This also
reduces lengthy application to application regression
testing. Now, applications that would traditionally
conflict with each other can easily co-exist on a single
desktop or Terminal Services session.
Simplify OS migrations and patching- Turn time-
consuming, tedious migration and patching projects into
largely automated, conflict-free processes.
Build business continuity for applications- Replicate
our virtualized applications like any other enterprise
data to maintain a rapid failover plan for your
applications, significantly cutting end-user downtime. If
you configure Application Virtualization user profiles
to persist on the network, all user-specific virtual
application preferences can also easily be replicated to a
backup site.
3.2.2 Server Virtualization Technique
Server virtualization is a method of abstracting the
operating system from the hardware platform. This
allows multiple operating systems or multiple instances
of the same operating system to coexist on one or more
CPUs. A hypervisor or virtual machine monitor (VMM)
is inserted between the operating system and the
hardware to achieve this separation. These operating
systems are called ―guests‖ or ―guest OSs.‖ The
hypervisor provides hardware emulation to the guest
operating systems. It also manages allocation of
hardware resources between operating systems. [19], [20],
[21]
Currently there are three common types of
hypervisors: type 1, type 2, As we see Figure2
Fig. 2: The types of hypervisors

Type 1 - Virtualization code that runs directly on the
system hardware that creates fully emulated instances of
the hardware on which it is executed. Also known as
―full,‖ ―native,‖ or ―bare metal.‖
Type 2 - Virtualization code that runs as an
application within a traditional operating system
environment that creates fully emulated instances of the
hardware made available to it by the traditional
operating system on which it is executed. These are also
known as ―hosted‖ hypervisors.
Containers - Virtualization code that runs as an
application within a traditional operating system that
creates encapsulated, isolated virtual instances that are
pointers to the underlying host operating system on
which it is executed. This is also known as ―operating
system virtualization.‖
3.2.3 Desktop Virtualization Technique [22]
Desktop Virtualization enhances deployment and
management of Virtual PC images on a Windows
Desktop while also providing a seamless user
experience on a Virtual PC environment independent of
the local desktop configuration and operating system.
Desktop Virtualization Advantages
1) Easily deploy managed Virtual PCs to any
desktop, even in less controlled environments
such as subsidiaries, branch offices and offshore
operations.
2) Drive business continuity by rapid reconstitution
of corporate Desktops.
3) Accelerate migration to the Windows by
minimizing application- to-OS compatibility
issues.
4) Speed user adoption of desktop virtualization by
making Virtual PCs ―invisible‖ to users.
5) Reduce IT investment in desktop image
management by delivering virtual images
independent of hardware or the local desktop
configuration.
IV. Design Goals
To Decrease the workload for data center and ensure
continual service improvement, we aim to design
efficient mechanisms for reducing the workload of a
data center and business Continuity verification and
achieve the following goals:
4.1 On-Demand Data Center Workload Streaming
By Delivers the OS, applications, and server
configuration information in a real ‑ time stream,
maximizing performance and minimizing network load,
Risk ‑ free server workload rollout, Maximizes boot
performance, Minimizes network load, Provisions
multiple servers from a single virtual disk image,
Minimizes storage and image management
requirements, Ensures server build consistency, Allows
switching of server workloads in the time it takes to
reboot, Maximizes flexibility by enabling real-time
changes to data centre workloads, Reduces the number
of servers needed to support disaster recovery &
business continuity requirements.
4.2 Improved Total Cost of Ownership
By decreasing management costs and increasing asset
utilization, we can experience a rapid return on
investment (ROI) with virtualization. In addition, by
virtualizing resources and making them easier to
migrate or fail over to other physical devices or
locations, you can enhance system availability and help
lower the cost and complexity of disaster-recovery
solutions.
4.3 Increased Flexibility
Virtualization supports the pooling of resources that
can be managed centrally through an enterprise hub to
better support changing business requirements
dynamically.
4.4 Enabled Access through Shared Infrastructure
By providing a resilient foundation and shared
infrastructure that enables better access to infrastructure
and information in support of business applications and
service-oriented architectures (SOA).
4.5 Energy Efficiency
We can help control infrastructure sprawl through the
deployment of virtual servers and storage that run
securely across a shared hardware environment.
Virtualization not only helps with server consolidation,
but also server containment when deploying new
systems. Consolidating to a virtual infrastructure can
enable you to increase server utilization rates from 5%
to 15% to over 70%, thus helping improve ROI. In
addition, a simplified infrastructure can help lower
manage costs with a common management platform and
tooling.
4.6 Rapid Application Deployment
We can use the virtualization can help enable rapid
infrastructure provisioning (ex. Minutes compared to
days). It can help developers to speed application test
and deployment, enhance collaboration and improve
access to the infrastructure. The ease and flexibility of
creating and reconfiguring guest operating systems
means that development and test environments can
realize significant benefits from virtualization.

4.7 Improved Disaster Recovery
Virtualization can help IT Dept secure and isolate
application workloads and data within virtual servers
and storage devices for easier replication and restoration.
This added resiliency can provide IT managers with
greater flexibility to maintain a highly available
infrastructure while performing planned maintenance,
and to configure low-cost disaster-recovery solutions.
4.8 Managing a Virtualized Infrastructure
We can address configuration, deployment,
monitoring, workload management and additional
management function in a consistent and common way
across their infrastructures. This can help simplify
problem determination, increase productivity and lower
management costs.
V. Proposed Solutions
The Virtualization can reduce system and workload
of a data center. Further, virtualization can be
implemented in phases allowing for capital expense
spending flexibility. The purpose of virtualization is to
increase efficiency and reduce costs, with each phase
addressing different aspects of specific resources. Phase
I should include hardware consolidation and
virtualization of the web and application tiers along
with the commoditization of the database tier. The
specific focus is on reducing hardware maintenance
costs, (End of Support Life) hardware and reducing
power consumption. The main objective is to increase
efficient use of CPU capacity and to create system
flexibility and resiliency. Phase II should include
implementation of desktop virtualization with a primary
focus on change management issues and reducing the
impact of human error. Further, an emphasis on training,
organizational restructuring and group consolidation to
support operational technologies implemented in Phase
1 should be incorporated. Phase III should include full
data tier virtualization and disaster recovery focusing on
full multi-site recovery in a cost effective manner.
Table: 1 Proposed Solution Phases
Target Resource and Objective Focus
Phase I
Network Infrastructure
Servers/Web/Application virtualization
Reduction in hardware and maintenance costs
Resolve issues
Improve system flexibility, resiliency and efficiency in power consumption and CPU
capacity
Phase II
Human Capital
Desktop virtualization and Human
Capital Investment
Improve Efficiency in Time Management
Train/Retrain labor in new technology to reduce knowledge gap
Organizational restructuring to reduce labor costs
Phase III
Multi-site Infrastructure
Disaster Recovery
Fully capitalize on virtualization through integrating sites.
Reduce hardware and maintenance
Costs at disaster recovery site
Eliminate EOSL issues at Disaster
Recovery site
Enhance disaster recovery by reducing down time and implementing full recovery
5.1 Planning Phase I:
The solution we offered in this paper was effectual to
choose the more complex option of changing the IP
addresses of the servers. The alternative was to assume
VLAN was stretched or moved during failover which
would be simple to document but we felt more value
would be derived from recoding the IP address of each
server.
From a high level perspective we selected a discrete
IP address range in each site for both the VMware
Infrastructure management infrastructure and the guest
operating systems. I.e. in a failover we change all of the
protected virtual machines IP address.
From a VMware Infrastructure perspective all of the
backing infrastructure is set up as part of the build out
and remains static during the failover events so this
aspect is very straightforward.
At each site we separated the virtual machine and
Management Infrastructure onto two separate
subnets/VLANS and provided a third for the router to
use for inter site traffic.
5.1.1 Network infrastructure:
Modern applications are almost always dependent on
networking to some degree or another and so physically
moving a service from one site to another represents a
networking challenge whether the services are hosted in
virtual machines or physical machines alike. Network
addressing is not a general location independent mainly
due to poor application use of network addressing
technologies that have been available for many years.
However we have to deal with applications and
configurations which depend on hard coded IP
addresses.

The solution we offered in this paper was effectual to
choose the more complex option of changing the IP
addresses of the servers. The alternative was to assume
VLAN was stretched or moved during failover which
would be simple to document but we felt more value
would be derived from recoding the IP address of each
server.
 From a high level perspective we selected a
discrete IP address range in each site for both
the VMware Infrastructure management
infrastructure and the guest operating systems.
I.e. in a failover we change all of the protected
virtual machines IP address.
 From a VMware Infrastructure perspective all of
the backing infrastructure is set up as part of the
build out and remains static during the failover
events so this aspect is very straightforward.
 At each site we separated the virtual machine
and Management Infrastructure onto two
separate subnets/VLANS and provided a third
for the router to use for inter site traffic.
5.1.2 Infrastructure Services
Demand for virtualization of networks, servers,
storage, desktops and applications continue to increase.
Cisco is assuming the virtualization of DC services is
now the default building block of the data center, and
has organized its portfolio to hasten this transition.
 To ease information overload a cohesive
optimization system and process was chosen.
For this proposed study, using Citrix Xen
Application and Oracle RAC Clusters on the
Cisco Unified Computing System with Citrix
Xen Server VMware enterprise software works
to address two goals. First, this system eases the
real time issue of a knowledge base shift
through a cohesive and simplified deployment
[23]
. Second, high performance is cost effective,
reducing budget concerns.
 Efficiency and performance through the Cisco
UCS is also realized through the Cisco
partnership with Oracle RAC. Oracle has a
―mission critical‖ focus in their database and
application technologies [24]
which are highly
relevant to large corporations as well as the
university. The Cisco UCS memory capability
coupled with a scalable storage system opens the
performance floodgates to Oracle database
environments allowing for unheard of work and
performance loads. Previous workload
performance testing ― included a realistic mix of
OLTP and DSS workloads, which generated a
sustained load on the eight-node Oracle RAC
configuration for a period of 72 hours… far
exceeding the demands of typical database
deployments‖ . The results showed that
processors were barely at 50 percent capacity
and port utilization was at 40 percent. The
expansion potential of the system allows the
organization a cost effective way to scale up, if
(or when) the need arises.
 Database administrators are now relieved of the
time consuming task of configuring each
hardware element in the stack independently by
virtue of the Cisco UCS Manager. Further, the
UCS Manager consistently and accurately
configures servers through service-based
profiles thereby eliminating human error almost
completely and simplifying the scaling process.
Finally, the ―wire once‖ configuration simplifies
cabling in the rack as network cabling is done
once with changes implemented through
software, reducing the potential error rate in the
cabling process. Reduction in human error alone
allows for better-managed and more effective
work time resulting in higher labor efficiency. [25]
5.2 Planning Phase II:
Phase two of optimization can be a springboard to
catapult newer employees into new technology and
specialized positions all but eliminating seniority and
property rights to specific positions. The notion being
that new technology creates new positions with
specialized skills and requirements for the job. The
motivation for current employees will be to embrace
training, technology and apply for positions based on
knowledge and merit (not politics) or risk lay-off.
Technically, this is the least difficult phase as the
focus is on desktop virtualization. However, this can be
the most difficult phase for managing. Virtualization
reduces desktop replacement costs, power consumption
and costs related to desktop support. However, desktop
virtualization equates to labor reduction and salary
savings.
5.2.1 Desktop Virtualization
The second half of phase two is the actual
implementation of desktop virtualization. The end result
being reduced complexity and risk from remote access,
reduced power consumption, and reduction in endpoint
risk. A reduction in effort and risk from patching and
reducing sensitive data protection efforts and risks
should also be evident. This is realized through
leveraging knowledge from the consolidation and
virtualization put in place during phase I. With desktop
virtualization, power consumption is assumed to drop
75% based on data and test results taken from phase I.
Reduced effort and risk as well as increased host
security is assumed since there is no longer a
requirement for the end user to interact with their local
host to assure patching. Further, due to a reduction in
the data footprint, there is a reasonable assumption of

increased data security, as the data no longer resides at
the end point desktop or laptop. [26]
5.3 Planning Phase III:
In the best of all possible worlds, organizations
would implement backup and recovery processes for all
server workloads regardless of their perceived criticality.
Moreover, these recovery processes would be fast, have
minimal impact on production operations and would be
recoverable with a high level of data integrity. In reality,
disaster recovery needs must always be weighed against
the fiscal need for cost-effectiveness. [27]
To meet a number of the desired design criteria, we
will use a two-site approach with an active Virtual
Centre instance at each location. These are referred to
as Site 1 and Site 2 throughout the documentation. Both
sites are setup to have an active workload required to
run the day-to-day activities present at each site.
Additionally, at Site 1 there is a group of services that
must be capable of being failed over to Site 2 and run
there successfully. These are known as the protected
services. The design will also accommodate work loads
from Site 2 hosted on Site 1 although this was not
implemented at this stage.
As shown in figure 3, the logical view of the
configuration we have used in this paper. Site 1 holds
virtual machines from an imaginary HR and Finance
department and Site 2 hosts a number of Developer and
other production services. Virtual machines can be
executed in either site with protection for the machines
in Site 1.
Figure 3 Site 1 holds virtual machines and Site 2 hosts a number of Developer and other production services
Virtual Centre Management Server Architecture
Virtual Centre Management Server provides a
convenient centralized management cockpit for the data
centre. It aggregates physical resources from multiple
Server installations and presents a central collection of
simple and flexible resources for the system
administrator when provisioning virtual machines in the
virtual environment.
Core Services are basic management services for a
virtual data center. They include services such as:
• VM Provisioning – Guides and automates the
provisioning of virtual machines
• Host and VM Configuration – Allows the
configuration of hosts and virtual machines
• Resource and Virtual Machine Inventory
Management – Organizes virtual machines and
resources in the virtual environment and
facilities their management
• Statistics and Logging – Logs and reports on the
performance and resource utilization statistics of
data center elements, such as virtual machines,
hosts and clusters
• Alarms and Event Management – Tracks and
warns users on potential resource over-utilization
or event conditions
• Task Scheduler – Schedules actions such as
VMotion to happen at a given time.
VI. Reliability of Virtualization and Full Tolerance
Reliability - Virtualization is very reliable.
Virtualization can help us eliminate planned downtime,
ensure data protection, deliver high availability and be
better prepared for disaster recovery. The Fault-
Tolerance (FT) feature of VMWare, helps protect
against physical hardware failures, including network
card failures, storage path failures and other hardware
failures.
Full tolerance- During server consolidation efforts,
one of the key concerns often is the impact failure of a
virtualization host might have to data centre operations.

High availability ensures critical VMs are automatically
restarted on another physical host should the original
host running the VM unexpectedly fail. This can reduce
the amount of downtime for the workload, as well as
eliminate the need for administrative intervention. [28]
XenServer has high-availability features that offer
granular policies governing the behavior of specific
VMs after a host failure. Additionally, both Citrix and
VMware offer options for fault tolerance, a feature that
maintains mirrored instances of VMs running on
separate hosts. In the event of a host failure, the
mirrored instance can maintain continuity of the
workload. Citrix has partnered with several third-party
vendors, such as Marathon Technologies and Stratus, to
create more robust fault tolerance options for XenServer.
VII. Conclusions
This paper proposes a Virtualization Techniques
Model for reducing the workload of a data center and
reducing complexity and costs while improving system
capacity, flexibility, and efficiency. In addition, the
proposed model improves service Continuity. [29], [30], [31],
[32]
We have proposed an effective and flexible
virtualization solutions Infrastructure that is architected
from the ground up to enable organizations to bring the
benefits of virtualization to the entire enterprise
platform, including server, storage and networking
systems. The virtualization solutions Infrastructure not
only enables organizations to build an entire virtual data
centre that matches the capabilities available in the
physical world, but it goes one step further by offering
the flexibility and control that is physically cost-
prohibitive or impossible.
 We proposed an Implemented plan which is
easy to manage and scalable for future growth,
resulting in reduced administrative burden.
 Our proposed An easier, faster and consistent
centralized server deployment and protection of
Virtual Machines
 We have discussed how System Virtualization
Networking can help resolve network
configuration challenges introduced by server
virtualization.
 We have discussed management capabilities for
virtualization Techniques
 We have discussed how virtualization can help
automate network configuration in virtualized
environments, and how it enhances network
control by making the network aware of virtual
machines.
 With a whole suite of complementary
virtualization and management services such as
virtual VMware VMotion, VMware DRS,
VMware HA and VMware Consolidated Backup,
VMware Infrastructure is the only offering that
delivers a complete solution rather than
piecemeal approach for customers to build a
data center in a virtual environment.
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Dr Nashaat el-Khameesy: Prof. and
Head of Computers & Information
systems Chair, Sadat Academy
Hossam Abdel Rahman Mohamed:
Post-graduate student for degree of
Master of computer science &
information system - Sadat Academy -
Dept Computer and Information
System,Maady , Cairo , Egypt - He is
currently position Data Center Operation
Team leader at Trans IT Company - Ministry of
Transportation

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