A Secure Intrusion Prevention Protocol for VANET to Enhance Security

International journal of scientific and technical research in engineering (IJSTRE)
www.ijstre.com Volume 1 Issue 3 ǁ June 2016.
Manuscript id. 744190326 www.ijstre.com Page 23
A Secure Intrusion Prevention Protocol for VANET to Enhance
Security
J.Veneeswari1
, C.Balasubramanian2
1 PG-Scholar, Department of CSE, PSRRengasamy College of Engineering for Women, Sivakasi,
2Professor- Department of CSE, PSRRengasamy College of Engineering for Women, Sivakasi.
E-mail:-venijeyaraj93@gmail.com,c.balasubramanian@gmail.com,
ABSTRACT A vehicular ad-hoc network (VANETs) is emerging technology in wireless ad-hoc
network.VANETs are dope out to improve vehicular safety and manage the traffic in the urban areas. Adaptive
slot assignment strategy with fuzzy logic are used with multipath routing mechanism with TDMA allocation to
limit the collision rate and improve the energy and reduce stoppage in the vehicle statement. In this paper, an
interruption avoidance protocol that are integrated with digital signature and game theory approach with Road
side unit control to enhance the security and protecting the VANET environment. Using this intrusion
prevention protocol is implemented to examine the various parameter values to provide the Quality of Service,
inter –vehicle and intra-vehicle security in the zone with security showed with the simulated results.
I. INTRODUCTION
VANET environment are developed with the Intelligent Transportation system for fast and intelligent
means of communication with the Distributed database multipath routing and collision avoidance
technique.ASAS-fuzzy logic are taken with the routing to provide TDMA based allocation with various vehicles
in urban road .VANET provide the safety and reduces the accident with improve the safety measures of the
vehicle to limit the accident and it claims the noteworthy information to vehicle, roadside unit ,for authenticated
environment. User authentication increases the accessing information with secured confident level of the user.
Various authentication protocols are deployed in the road and vehicles.
IETF has standard network mobility provide the stability to provide the various data service with global
connectivity of vehicles with the data services.VANET with pure ad hoc network where vehicle to vehicle
without any need of centralized control of any infrastructure. Next to that Road side unit (RSU)with the fixed
content are used these both are provide with security to avoid the steeling of information.CAR-2-CAR
consortium has developed many security protocols to crash the attackers when the frequent exchange of data on
vehicles in the security. Destination based on the distance vector routing is used in the basic with multiple
attacker avoidance is stated in SEAD (secure and efficient Adhoc distance vector) .It intake more bandwidth and
limited CPU processing its more capable to protect the DOS attack. It works with the help of hash function by
choosing the random values at initial. Discovering the initial route which disperse the each outgoing with
encoded scheme .SMT(secure message transmission )protocol with the light weight active path communication
in this protocol it sends the acknowledgement to both sender and receiver vehicle. To protect the location
information they develop the NDM (Non-Disclosure method) it covers the Information disclosure, location
tracking with technology of asymmetric cryptography is used it provide the security requirement privacy
.ARIDANE it terminate the route of uncompromised node. it covers the DOS,routing attack, replay attack with
the symmetric cryptography, MAC it gives authentication to each vehicles. Cryptosystem are used with the
privacy of message exchange and privacy with multilayer attack FHSS (frequency –hopping spread spectrum) is
used in the bodily coating to avoid the DOS attack in vehicles.
II. RELATED WORK
The system proposed in [4] it is a impact of the mobility on the transmit of overhaul with the efficient MAC
protocol it leads to the development of inter-vehicle communication through various monitoring mechanism.
Reliable Reservation (RR-allocation) is capable for transmit the slotted/framed for their broadcast service it is
provided with TDMA based allocation.RR-allocation provide an reliable broadcast service and reservation of
access channel avoid the collision and eliminate parallel transmission. Broadcasting vehicles belong on various
terminals they do not know each other vehicle for concurrent transmission. The transmission causes collision by
uncovered vehicles that lead to hidden terminal
Problem. Clustering method is intense technique to reduce the collision in transmission is used in[5].Directional
stability based clustering algorithm(DISCA) is used for maintain the stability of the cluster with the mobility of
the vehicle and direction of mobility in vehicles and reduce the time to reform the cluster again.The clustering

A Secure Intrusion Prevention Protocol for VANET to Enhance Security
efficiency is based on the active cluster that are present prolong time in medium. Mobility based of clustering is
proposed in[6]it provide the stable cluster with high mobility of vehicles. Based on cluster formation it elect the
cluster head for message transmission it maintain availability to provide the self recognizing of vehicle with
mobility based ad-hoc clustering scheme(MOBIC).Space –orthogonal frequency(SOFT) is provide with the
medium layer with Time access control for VANET(SOFT-MAC) are used to provide secure interaction
between two transmitter in[7]they proposed to enhance the QOS requirement to reduce the collision overhead
here we can use the more number of vehicles .Vehicular multichannel MAC protocol (VE-MAC) proposed in
[8] is centralized manner with control of allocated time slots are used to provide limited access of cluster to
reduce probability ratio of collision. Adaptive TDMA slot assignment protocol (ATSA) in[8] this allocate the
time slots based on the mobility of the vehicles with correct direction and location of the vehicle it reduce the
vehicle that access the same time slot it reduce the collision of redundant access of the vehicle.
The proposal of [9] specified with the technique named as Adaptive slot assignment strategy (ASAS) which
provide the timeslot for access the communication channel based on the cluster head elected on the vehicle to
minimize the collision in vehicles .In various solution scheme used for vehicles to avoid these type of access
and merging collision in the network. It allow one vehicle to transmit in the particular time slot based on the
request. This schedule of time slot is tabulated with the cluster head formation.warmhole attack is taken in the
network . Nash Equilibrium (NE) game which provide the channel allocation security issues are arise the
network found and resolved.
III. PROBLEMS
In VANETs without incorporating security in fuzzy logic to make the VANET enivironment with more
risk many packet delay ,energy drop can occur in the network.Our proposed paper is taken with the warmhole
attack is taken in the ASAS-FUZZY network and build with the digital signature and game theory approach to
increase the energy ,limits the delay , packet drop network over head is reduced for the vehicles in the urban
areas.
IV. SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
4.1 InVANET(Intelligent Vehicular AdhocNetwork)
 Intelligent vehicular network are concentrate the communication that are based on the vehicles –vehicles
and vehicles –roadside unit.
 Decision making taken through various inferences in traffic.
 It increase the dynamic mobility of the vehicle with the increase of high speed communication and road
safety.
FIG:-1 INTELLIGENTVEHICULAR ADHOC NETWORK
VANET COMMUNICATION METHODS
In urban areas there are large number of vehicles.There are more than 750 million of vehicles having
Vehicular network system.Information sharing is very important between the vechicles.Using DSRC vehicles take
place in the communication range of communication is reached around the signal up to 1 km with independent
manner.Intelligent transport system (ITS) broadcast messages to other vehicle which connect the network devices.
The ITS play main role of passing the information each vehicle with safe destination with collision avoidance.It
coordinate the vehicles through the transporation or location of each vehicle in the urban area.

FIG 2:-VANET COMMUNICATION
Each events that occur in the environment that shows in fig [1] are passed to other vehicle for the vehicle safety
4.2 TDMA ALLOCATION:-
TDMA allocation is offered with the various slot allocation and reservation to provide the service to
channel in the vehicles that are requested.
 TDMA slot assignment- Vehicles position are monitored with a global positioning system(GPS) to allocate
the time
 TDMA slot reservation-It based on the vehicles that requested to cluster head
FIG:-3 TDMA SLOT ASSIGNMENT AND RESERVATION
In fig:-2 the cluster is dope out with the more vehicles with the reserved time slot for each cluster head to
transmit the information to another cluster head. Transformation of mobility information is passed by the
vehicles that are monitored the information by the presence of Global positioning system (GPS) to know the
location .
4.3 ASAS PROTOCOL
Adaptive slot assignment strategy (ASAS) is technique used in this paper to allocate the particular access of the
vehicle that are processed to reserve the time slot for multiple request given by the vehicles for their interactions
that are requested by the vehicles, with the acceptance of the high priority of the messages that depends upon
the speed, location. It minimize the inter cluster formation of the vehicle and improve the throughput for each
vehicle
Service channel (SCH) offers the service for an efficient channel to access frequently with time slots and to
minimize the collision rates in different speed conditions by their given request.
4.4 FUZZY LOGIC
A group of fuzzy rules like human brain which predict the values for interpretation of uncertain sensory
information that given by the vehicle

FIG :-4 FUZZYCOST LOGIC FOR FORWARDING PACKET
In degree of fuzzy cost is determined by the given inputs that are fuzzified to provide appropriate output with
the range of vehicles and the direction of vehicle for the communication.
DISTRANCE=1-
DFV
RFV
........................ (1)
DFV=Direction of vehicle
RFV=Range of vehicle
In this equation (1) that are needed to calculate the distance of the vehicles. Using the distance we can calculate
the distance of parameter value.
FIG-: 5 OUTPUT PARAMETER FOR FUZZY LOGIC
In fig 4 there are various output parameter that measured by the various fuzzy cost and membership functions.
4.5 SECURITY REQUIREMENT FOR VANET
The secure VANET environment with the enhancing speed with reducing the adversaries in VANET
 Authentication
 Availability
 Non-repudiation
 Privacy
 Real time constraints
 Integrity
 Confidentiality
Preserving the information from the unauthorized persons. Keys infrastructure is used to update the security in
vehicle. License fed in to the Road Side Unit (RSU) to recognize the vehicle identity, location, driver
information and which direction the vehicle are travelling .Temporary keys are used to preserve the safety in the
identity. Vehicle acknowledgement is important for the real time constraints. Prevention of data security to alter

the data content from the hackers after the attack it retrieved the message from the receiver end within the
milliseconds.
Threats to Availability, Authenticity and Confidentiality
Many threats are happen in the routing in the vehicle to vehicle and infrastructure.
 Denial of service Attack
 Broadcast Tampering
 Malware
 Spamming
 Black hole attack
The attack renders the network unavailable to authentic user for serious disruption to its operation. Malware
attacks are more likely to carried attackers in insider and outsider with the surplus data.
V. NETWORK MODEL
In this proposed system the network model of the VANET are the base for the network model is to create
the mobility nodes in the environment and with the topology specification to reach the destination. In the urban
traffic area are consider in the system to monitor the range of collision avoidance.
FIG 6:-IMPLEMENTATION OF THE SECURITY IN VANET ENVIRONMENT
QOS parameter are evaluated in the security VANET environment with the deploymentation of
VANETMOBISIM topology to reduce the delay for the intervehicle message transmission.
VI. IMPLEMENTATION
Deploying this work is first to create the mobility node with the network simulator .In this routing protocol
are used to measure the QOS parameters.
 Node implementation in ASAS-FUZZY with wormhole attack
 Implementing digital signature and game theory approach
 Comparison between wormhole attack with ASAS FUZZY approach and enhanced ASAS FUZZY
with game theoretic approach and digital signatures .

6.1 NODE IMPLEMENTATION IN ASAS- FUZZY WITH WORMHOLE ATTACK
Nodes are implemented in the topology in VANETMOBISIM . Creation of nodes is base for VANET and
transfer of packets between nodes. Using TCL script to verify the nodes.it is used with ASAS-FUZZY protocol .
SCREEN SHOT :-1 ASAS –FUZZY PROTOCOL
In this we can calculate the collision rate, delay, energy spent and through put ratio.
TOPOLOGY GENERATION:-
Road topology with number of vehicles 50 is created using Vanetmobsim and output of VANET is fed as input
to ns2 fo rmobility of nodes.Integrating VANET.Jar with road map file to form mobility
FIG:-7 VANETMOBISIMTOPOLOGY GENERATION
In FIG:-6 road topology is generated with the road map files. Integrating VANET.Jar with road map to form
mobility files are fed to ASAS implementation.
WARMHOLE ATTACK:-
Formation of the VANET MOBI SIM topology in the urban road with fuzzy based rules to inhibit the
wormhole hole attack in that malicious nodes are formed in the network to form a tunnel like structure to steal
the privacy of original routing information .Original certainty of information are taken and content are modified
to cause more problem in the deployed nodes with the fuzzy logic in the network. Denial of service are happen
in the vehicle causes more delay of message transmission and reduce the ratio of packet transmission in multiple
routing.

SCREEN SHOT :-2 WORM HOLE ATTACK
Wormhole attack with ASAS FUZZY-Protocol is deployed in the network and it degraded the performance.
Service taken in the each nodes with the loss of energy, false data reaches the destination end. During the
routing in this node deploymentation causes more collision in the network .
CALCULATION:-
 Delay=End time-Start time
 Collision rate =
𝐍𝐮𝐦𝐛𝐞𝐫 𝐨𝐟 𝐩𝐚𝐜𝐤𝐞𝐭 𝐫𝐞𝐜𝐞𝐯𝐢𝐞𝐝
𝐍𝐮𝐦𝐛𝐞𝐫 𝐨𝐟 𝐩𝐚𝐜𝐤𝐞𝐭 𝐬𝐞𝐧𝐝
 Consume energy = 𝐈𝐧𝐢𝐭𝐚𝐥 𝐞𝐧𝐞𝐫𝐠𝐲− 𝐅𝐢𝐧𝐚𝐥 𝐞𝐧𝐞𝐫𝐠𝐲
 Total energy=Total consume energy(less)
 Throughput=𝐍𝐮𝐦𝐛𝐞𝐫 𝐨𝐟 𝐬𝐞𝐧𝐝 𝐩𝐚𝐜𝐤𝐞𝐭 − 𝐍𝐮𝐦𝐛𝐞𝐫 𝐨𝐟 𝐫𝐞𝐜𝐞𝐯𝐢𝐞𝐝 𝐩𝐚𝐜𝐤𝐞𝐭.
TABLE 1:-DELAY RATE FOR WORMHOLE ATTACK
SCREEN SHOT :-3 AVERAGE DELAY IN WORMHOLE ATTACK

In fig:- 9 and above table shows the average delay rate of the nodes with the deployment of wormhole attack in
the VANET environment. Lot of denial of services are happen with the wormhole attack .
TABLE 2:- COLLISION RATE IN WORMHOLE ATTACK
In wormhole attack the collision rate will be less compare to another protocols
SCREEN SHOT :-4 COLLISION RATE FOR WORMHOLE ATTACK
In fig:- 10 and above table shows the average collision rate of the nodes with the deployment of wormhole
attack in the VANET environment.
TABLE 3:- ENERGY SPENT IN WORMHOLE ATTACK

SCREEN SHOT :-5 ENERGY SPENT IN WORMHOLE ATTACK
In fig:- 11 and above table shows the average energy spent in the nodes with the deployment of wormhole
TABLE 4:- THROUGHPUT IN WORMHOLE ATTACK
SCREEN SHOT :-6 AVERAGE THROUGH PUT IN WORMHOLE ATTACK
In fig:- 12 and above table shows the average throughput rate of the nodes with the deployment of wormhole
6.2 IMPLEMENTING DIGITAL SIGNATURE AND GAME THEORY APPROACH
Transmission of packets is done using enhanced ASAS-FUZZY with game theoretic approach and digital
signature so that wormhole attack is prevented in the network and performance is increased.
DIGITAL SIGNATURE ALGORTHIM
 Generate a random integer.
 The signature must be bit pattern depends on the message being signed.
 Encryption and decryption is done with the public key and private key(with random numbers)

 Signing key verification is done with global components to verify the valid function.
 Random values are to be taken no same values for key generation
SCREEN SHOT :-7 DIGITAL SIGNATURE AND GAME THEORY APPROACH
An algorthim problems are stated with the role of players where present in the fig:-13 selected nodes to play
typical inputs in the traffic based on that it generate the keys.
SCREEN SHOT :-8 KEY GENERATION
In fig 14 key generation are taken with the random numbers that are chosen in the nodes for communication.
TABLE 5:-DELAY RATE FOR DIGITAL SIGNATURE AND GAME THEORY APPROACH
SCREEN SHOT :-9 DELAY RATE FOR DIGITAL SIGNATURE AND GAME THEORY
APPROACH

In fig:- 15 and above table shows the average delay rate of the nodes with the deployment with digital
signature and game theory approach to overcome wormhole attack to in the VANET environment.
TABLE 6:-COLLISION RATE FOR DIGITAL SIGNATURE AND GAME THEORY APPROACH
SCREEN SHOT :-10 COLLISION RATE FOR DIGITAL SIGNATURE AND GAME THEORY
APPROACH
In fig:- 16 and above table shows the average collision rate of the nodes with the deployment with digital
signature and game theory approach to overcome collision that present in the wormhole attack.
TABLE 7:-ENERGY SPENT FOR DIGITAL SIGNATURE AND GAME THEORY APPROACH

SCREEN SHOT :-11 ENERGY SPENT FOR DIGITAL SIGNATURE AND GAME THEORY
APPROACH
Eneergy spent in each nodes based on the transmission range to overcome the attacks that happen in the
wormhole are taken placed in In fig:- 17and above table shows the average collision rate of the nodes with the
deployment with digital signature and game theory approach. Literally compare to the other approaches here it
will be more energy drop in the routing mechanism .digital signature reduces the energy spent and increase the
ratio of faster communication in the Vehicular environment.
TABLE 8:-THROUGHPUT FOR DIGITAL SIGNATURE AND GAME THEORY APPROACH
SCREEN SHOT :-12 THROUGHPUT FOR DIGITAL SIGNATURE AND GAME THEORY
APPROACH

In fig:- 18 and above table shows the average throughput rate of the nodes with the deployment of digital
signature and game theory approach to overcome wormhole attack in the VANET environment
6.3 COMPARISION BETWEEN ESTIMATED VALUES.
ASAS-Fuzzy logics are incorporated with some attacks with normal routing parameter, VEMAC and ASAS
protocol with the deploymentation of digital signature and game theory approach with various key generations.
QOS parameter are compared with AODV, ASAS ,ASAS-FUZZY ,VEMAC,WORMHOLEATTACK and
digital signature & game theory approach is done with output is shown using graphs.
The Graph plot with AODV ,VEMAC,ASAS and ASAS- fuzzy ,WORM HOLE attack and digital signature
& game theory using Y graph and time is plotted.
SCREEN SHOT 13:-DELAY RATE
SCREEN SHOT 14:-COLLISION RATE

SCREEN SHOT 15:-ENERGY SPENT
SCREEN SHOT 16:-THROUGHPUT RANGE
In our proposed papers are focussing to reduce the collision is main criteria if we minimize it automatically
energy spent to transfer the packet is reduced and increase the through put ratio .In multipath routing mechanism
are taken with secure message transmission. Attackers can come from the inside and outside of the node. Road
side unit (RSU) contain all information about the vehicles and sends the trust worthy information from the
authenticated database in the system.
TABLE:9 PACKET DELIVERY RATIO

Above screenshot represent the delay, packet drop in the ASAS-FUZZY environment is deployed with any
attacks it shows more number of content modification in the original message Service are to be provided to the
system with exceed of the time limit failure of nodes, ring like structure of attack to drop the important
information in the environment
SCREEN SHOT 17 :-PACKET DELIVERY RATIO
Digital signature and game theory approach with routing of random variables for typical situation to reduce the
attack increase the throughput ratio of this type of scenarios. various key formation are used to enhances the key
packet delivery ratio compare to the ASAS-FUZZY based rules in TDMA allocation in VANET.
VII. CONCLUSION AND FUTURE WORK:-
This paper proposes an ASAS-FUZZY based technique with the reserve the channel for vehicles with the
TDMA for the VANETs for multiple decision making .It control the various traffic measures with the various
speed condition.
Using the shown output result we can analysis the consummation of the collision rate it proven the range of
diminution with the increase in the energy during the packet transmission. It is compared with normal AODV,
VEMAC, ASAS,and proposed ASAS with fuzzy logics using this we can measure the stability of clustering and
increase the packet transmission rate.
In spite of increasing the energy in the vehicles. In future we can build the security between the vehicles to
enhance the authentication for communication. For authenticate user roadside unit should be available for the
needed packet transformation and to get the non-reputation of the packet. Various attacks are possible in
VANETs so track out the adversary with implementing new privacy methods can build for VANETs.Track the
adversary with the location based positions.
With the increase of the security to protect the domain with deploying of various attacks it is overcome by the
digital signature and game theory approaches in the environment it will reduce the delay in the vehicles . This
paper proposes an Digital signature and game theory approach with ASAS-FUZZY based technique for
VANET the multiple decision making to provide security in VANET .It control the various traffic measures
with the various speed condition.It reduces the delay and increases the packet delivery ratio reduces
the various attack in VANET
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