A2 OCD intro
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Charles Darwin, Martin Luther King Jr., Howard Hughes, and Lady Macbeth all suffered from Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD), which affects approximately 1 in 50 Americans. OCD involves obsessions, which are repetitive unwanted thoughts, and compulsions, which are repetitive behaviors performed to relieve anxiety from the obsessions. Symptoms can range from mildly replaying conversations to severe inability to stop thinking about violence. Diagnosis of OCD requires obsessions and/or compulsions occurring most days for over two weeks, causing distress or interfering with functioning, and not caused by other disorders. Treatment involves therapy and may include medication depending on severity.
A2 OCD intro
- 2. What do they have in common? Charles Darwin Martin Luther King Late Billionaire Howard Hughes Lady Macbeth THEY ALL SUFFERED FROM OCD Lady Macbeth acquired a hand-washing compulsion after helping her husband kill the King of Scotland. Late billionaire Howard Hughes constantly wore gloves, bathed repeatedly and refused to see people for fear of being contaminated by them
- 3. Obsessive Compulsive Disorder or “OCD” is estimated to affect about one in every 50 people in the United States. http://www.ocfoundation.org/uploadedImages/OCD%20Teen%20Web.jpg?n=7317
- 4. OCD is characterized by varying degrees of obsessions and compulsions depending on the individual. Obsessions can be defined as repetitive thoughts, and compulsions can be defined as repetitive behaviours. http://i.ehow.com/images/GlobalPhoto/Articles/5069271/anxiety-main_Full.jpg
- 5. For people suffering from OCD, the degree of obsessions can be anything as mild as replaying and analyzing a recent conversation to something as severe as the inability to stop thinking about performing an act of violence. http://www.buzzle.com/img/articleImages/231715-45med.jpg
- 6. OCD
- 7. OCD
- 8. Compulsions can range from simply having to beep the car alarm twice to washing one’s hands dozens of times until the hands become raw and blistered. Obsessions can last anywhere from a few minutes to many years, depending on the severity of the OCD. http://i.ehow.com/images/GlobalPhoto/Articles/5144041/258221-main_Full.jpg
- 9. Obsessions • Recurrent, intrusive thoughts, ideas, images or impulses. • Obsessions may have sexual, blasphemous or aggressive themes. • The individual tries to deal with these intrusive thoughts either by ignoring them or neutralising with some other thought or action. 9
- 10. Compulsions • Compulsions are irresistible, repetitive physical or mental actions that people feel compelled to carry out. • People with OCD recognise that these actions are unreasonable and excessive but cannot stop themselves. • They believe that carrying out the ritual will prevent something terrible happening. • Their performance is never directly pleasurable but can relieve some of the tension and anxiety. • The most common examples are compulsive checking and washing. 10
- 11. Sometimes, compulsions work in connection with the person’s obsessions, acting for the person as a preventative measure to help keep darker thoughts at bay. Failure to perform the task may make darker thoughts worse. http://www.mentalhelp.net/images/root/ocd1_id25963531_jpg_.jpg
- 12. OCD
- 13. A mental health professional will evaluate three main criteria before making a diagnosis of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder. http://www.cherrypedrick.com/ocd/ocd.jpg
- 14. Clinical characteristics • OCD involves, obsessions and compulsions. 14
- 15. Diagnostic Criteria • 1.Either obsessions and/or compulsions are present on most days for a period of at least 2 weeks. • Obsessions or compulsions share the following features (all must be present). • They originate in the mind of the person. They are repetitive and unpleasant. The patient tries to resist them. Experiencing the obsessive thought or carrying out the compulsive act is not in itself pleasurable. • 2. the obsessions and/or compulsions cause distress or interfere with everyday functioning. • 3. the obsessions and/or compulsions are not the result of other mental disorders or mood disorders. 15
- 16. First, a therapist will determine if the patient suffers from the constant, disturbing thoughts that characterize obsession. For example: Is the patient still thinking about an event that occurred some time ago? http://www.abc.net.au/reslib/200810/r302979_1317873.jpg
- 17. The therapist will then need to know if the person suffers from the unrelenting need to perform certain tasks, signifying that compulsions are present. Does the patient count ceiling tiles or constantly untie and retie their shoes? http://therapyworks.ca/storage/woman%20butterfly.jpg
- 18. Finally, the therapist will try to establish whether these thoughts and actions are interfering with the patient’s everyday life. Is the person still able to work, to eat, to sleep, and interact with others? http://www.holistic360.co.uk/images/Photo%20-%20Woman%20Cleaning%20Windows.jpg
- 19. Treatment The most important step in treating OCD is seeing a doctor or psychologist. Depending upon the severity of a person’s OCD, the doctor will outline a course of treatment specific to the patient. http://farm4.static.flickr.com/3362/3572135000_1e67a3d67d.jpg
- 20. If a person’s obsessive-compulsive behaviors are relatively mild and do not interfere with his or her ability to function in society, the therapist may choose to prescribe only behavioral or “exposure” therapy to help the patient overcome their obsessive-compulsive behaviors. Group therapy, meditation, and/or restriction of caffeine and other stimulants all may be useful in the treatment of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder. http://www.ocdsymptoms.co.uk/images/7434.jpg http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_vbS7BIUoZ94/SeX0WvEP99I/AA AAAAAABrs/CgR3nn_-z50/s1600-h/ocd+2.jpg