ABID HOSSAIN.ppt
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The document provides an overview of operations research, detailing its history, application areas, methodologies, and the role of the Operational Research Society of India. It emphasizes the importance of analytical methods for effective decision-making in complex organizational problems. The document also outlines a structured approach to problem analysis, solution development, and validation in operations research.
ABID HOSSAIN.ppt
- 1. Operations Research By ABID HOSSAIN ABUCUS INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT January 30, 2023 MADE BY ABID HOSSAIN 1
- 2. Name Roll Number Registration No. Department Year Semester Subject Subject code Assignment : Pradip Indra : 24000721022 : 2124000100720060 : B.Tech in Mechanical Engineering. : 3rd : 5th : Theory of Machines & Kinematics, : PC- ME 503 : CA-1, Inversion of Single Slider Crank Mechanism 2 Name Roll Number Department Year Semester Subject Subject code Assignment : ABID HOSSAIN : 24000721045 : B.Tech in Mechanical Engineering. : 3rd : 6th : OPERATIONAL RESEARCH : HM HU 601 : History Of Operation Research 2 January 30, 2023 MADE BY ABID HOSSAIN 2
- 3. Operations Research Session Objectives: INTRODUCTION TO OPERATIONAL RESEARCH HISTORY OF OPERATIONAL RESEARCH APPLICATION OF OPERATION RESEARCH OPERATIONAL RESEARCH IN INDIA TO DISCUSS THE BASIC OPERATIONS RESEARCH CONCEPTS AND TECHNIQUES FOR SOLVING PARTICULAR PROBLEM AND IDENTIFICATION OF APPROPRIATE SOLUTION TO DEVELOP A RESEARCH PROPOSAL USING THE GENERAL APPROACH FOR OPERATIONS RESEARCH January 30, 2023 MADE BY ABID HOSSAIN 3
- 4. January 30, 2023 MADE BY ABID HOSSAIN What is operations research? Operations Research (OR): applies analytical methods to help organizations make better decisions when solving complex problems. Managers use Operations Research to make their organizations more productive and efficient. According Robert Penn, Operations Research is “the application of scientific principles to business management, providing a quantitative basis for complex decisions” 4
- 5. January 30, 2023 MADE BY ABID HOSSAIN Operational Research: is the application of the methods of science to complex problems arising in the direction and management of large number of men, machines, materials and money, in industry, business, government and defense. OR is the application of scientific methods, techniques & tools to the problems involving the operations of a system so as to provide those in control of the system with optimum solution to the problem. 5
- 6. January 30, 2023 MADE BY ABID HOSSAIN History of Operations Research Operations research was born during the 2nd World War mainly to deal with the problem of allocation of scarce military resources for their optimal utilization. British and American military strategists jointly delegated the task of applying scientific approach to military problems to a selected team of eminent scientists. The name operations research (OR) is taken directly from the context in which it was developed and applied. 6
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- 18. January 30, 2023 MADE BY ABID HOSSAIN Main Application Areas/ Scope of Operations Research Military Applications Agriculture Environmental Protection Facilities Location Product-Mix Production Mixing or Blending Transportation and Trans-Shipment Portfolio Selection Profit Planning and Contract Media Selection/Evaluation Staffing 18
- 19. Delivery of health care -Primary care -Secondary care -Tertiary care Management -Leadership -Decision-making -planning -implementation -monitoring and evaluation -information Regulation Economic support -Public sources of finance -Employers -Organized volun- tary agencies -Local community efforts -Foreign Aid -Private households -Other Organized arrangement of resources -National health authorities -Health insurance programmes -Other governmental agencies -Non-governmental agencies -Independent private sector Development of health resource -Manpower -Facilities -Equipment and supplies -Knowledge January 30, 2023 MADE BY ABID HOSSAIN 19
- 20. January 30, 2023 MADE BY ABID HOSSAIN OPERATIONAL RESEARCH IN INDIA The Operational Research Society of India was founded in 1957 to provide a forum for the Operational Research Scientists as well as an avenue to widen their horizon by exchange of knowledge and application of techniques from outside the country. The Society is affiliated to the International Federation of Operational Research Societies (IFORS). The Headquarters of the Society is located in Kolkata at 39, Mahanirvan Road, Kolkata , India. At present the Society has 12 Operating Chapters located in Agra, Ahmedabad, Ajmer, Bangalore, Chennai, Delhi, Durgapur, Jamshedpur, Kolkata, Madurai, Mumbai and Tirupati. The Objectives of the Society comprise advancement of, conducting of research in, study of, promotion and propagation of knowledge in Operational Research and Allied Techniques through exchange of information, as well as establishment, improvement and maintenance of professional and academic standards of work known as Operational Research. Contribution to the Society towards attainment of these objectives is eligible for exemption of income tax under Section 80(G)(5)(vi) of the Income Tax Act 1961. The Society Publishes a quarterly journal OPSEARCH, which brings out high quality and state of the art papers in Operational Research. In order to provide opportunity to professionals and students to equip themselves with the knowledge and usage of the science of Operational Research, the Society is conducting an examination on Graduate Diploma in Operational Research since 1973. 20
- 21. Operations Research - Methodology Operations Research Problem Analysis Solution Development Solution Validation Evaluation Implementation January 30, 2023 MADE BY ABID HOSSAIN 21
- 22. Operations Research Approach Phase -I PROBLEM ANALYSIS Define the Operations Research Analyze the problem and divide into smaller units Establish research priorities January 30, 2023 MADE BY ABID HOSSAIN 22
- 23. Operations Research Approach Phase-II SOLUTION DEVELOPMENT Specify solution objectives Specify decision variables and stipulate constraints on the solution Identify or construct an appropriate model for solution development Determine and obtain required data Develop solutions using analytical model January 30, 2023 MADE BY ABID HOSSAIN 23
- 24. Operations Research Approach Phase-III SOLUTION VALIDATION Design field test Implement field test Evaluate the propose solution modify if necessary Integrate the solution with the larger system January 30, 2023 MADE BY ABID HOSSAIN 24
- 25. Phase -I, Problem Analysis 1. Define the operational problem Discussion of problem with all stake- holders Identifying subsystems Develop objectives for subsystems obtaining consensus on objectives of the subsystem January 30, 2023 MADE BY ABID HOSSAIN 25
- 26. Phase -I, Problem Analysis 2. Analyze the problem and divide into smaller units Operational problem is analyzed in detail. The problem is broken into smaller units. This is presented graphically. The graph shows inputs, outputs and the outside factors. January 30, 2023 MADE BY ABID HOSSAIN 26
- 27. Phase -I, Problem Analysis 3. Establishing Research Priorities First look at the system as a whole and then as a cluster of major subsystems. Then ask where one should expect modifications to produce the greatest positive impact on outputs. January 30, 2023 MADE BY ABID HOSSAIN 27
- 28. Phase -II, Solution Development 1. Specify solution objectives Solution objectives are statements of the desired solutions to the operational problem. These are usually stated in terms of system efficiency that is conservation of inputs and maximization of outputs. Fixed inputs with maximum outputs. Minimum inputs with maximum outputs. January 30, 2023 MADE BY ABID HOSSAIN 28
- 29. Phase -II, Solution Development 2. Specify decision variables and stipulate constraints on the solution Decision variables are factors that both play a role in determining how a system functions and are also within the control of the system manager. Amount of ORS packets Training methods Factors that limit the the practical range of one or more decision variables are called constraints. Socio-economic, ethnicity, occupation, educational level, weather, terrain January 30, 2023 MADE BY ABID HOSSAIN 29
- 30. Phase -II, Solution Development 3. Identify or construct an appropriate model for solution development Model building is the essence of the operations research A model is the simplified representation of the real world Resource allocation Networking Cost-analysis January 30, 2023 MADE BY ABID HOSSAIN 30
- 31. Phase-III SOLUTION VALIDATION 1. Design field test How believable are the outcome of the field test. Experimental Non-experimental Quasi-experimental January 30, 2023 MADE BY ABID HOSSAIN 31
- 32. Phase-III SOLUTION VALIDATION 2. Implementing the field test Determination of requisite resources Development of management scheme Development of training material Arrangements of obtaining human and other resources needed Design of an information system January 30, 2023 MADE BY ABID HOSSAIN 32
- 33. Phase-III SOLUTION VALIDATION 3.Evaluating, modifying and integrating the solutions Continuous assessment to ensure refinements of inputs Integrating the solution within the system January 30, 2023 MADE BY ABID HOSSAIN 33
- 34. January 30, 2023 MADE BY ABID HOSSAIN THANK YOU 34