accounting question (1).docx

Here are some of the top accounting
interview questions which are generally
expected:
Q1. How many types of business
transactions are there in accounting?
Ans. There are two types of business transactions in accounting –
revenue and capital.
Q2. Explain real and nominal accounts
with examples.
Ans. A real account is an account of assets and liabilities. E.g. land
account, building account, etc.
A nominal account is an account of income and expenses. E.g.
salary account, wages account, etc.
Q3. Which accounting platforms have
you worked on? Which one do you
prefer the most?
Ans. Describe the accounting platforms (QuickBooks, Microsoft
Dynamic GP, etc.) that you have worked with and which one you
liked the most.

Q4. What is double-entry
bookkeeping? What are the rules
associated with it?
Ans. Double-entry bookkeeping is an accounting principle where
every debit has a corresponding credit. Thus, the total debit amount
is always equal to the total credit. In this system, when one account
is debited then another account gets credited at the same time.
Q5. What is working capital?
Ans. Working capital is calculated as current assets minus current
liabilities, which is used in day-to-day trading.
Q6. How do you maintain accounting
accuracy?
Ans. Maintaining the accuracy of an organisation’s accounting is an
important activity as it can result in a huge loss. There are various
tools and resources which can be used to limit the potential for
errors to creep in and address quickly if any errors do arise.
Q7. What is TDS? Where do you show
TDS on a balance sheet?
Ans. TDS (Tax Deducted at Source) is a concept aimed at
collecting tax at every source of income. In a balance sheet, it is
shown in the assets section, right after the head current asset.

Q8. What is the difference between
‘accounts payable (AP)’ and ‘accounts
receivable (AR)’?
Ans.
Accounts Payable Accounts Receivab
The amount a company owes because it
purchased goods or services on credit from a
vendor or supplier.
The amount a company has
collect because it sold goods o
credit to a customer.
Accounts payable are liabilities. Accounts receivable are assets.
Q9. What is the difference between a
trial balance and a balance sheet?
Ans. A trial balance is the list of all balances in a ledger account
and is used to check the arithmetical accuracy in recording and
posting. A balance sheet, on the other hand, is a statement that
shows the assets, liabilities, and equity of a company and is used to
ascertain its financial position on a particular date.
Q10. Is it possible for a company to
show positive cash flows and still be in
grave trouble?
Ans. Yes, if it shows an unsustainable improvement in working
capital and involves a lack of revenue going forward in the pipeline.

Q11. What are the common errors in
accounting?
Ans. The common errors in accounting are – errors of omission,
errors of commission, errors of principle, and compensating error.
inactive and dormant accounts?
Ans. Inactive accounts are which are closed and will not be used in
the future. Dormant accounts are not currently functional but may
be used in the future.
Q13. Are you familiar with the
Accounting Standards? How many
accounting standards are there in
India? [Frequently asked accounting
interview question]
Ans. There are currently 41 Accounting Standards which are
usually issued by the Accounting Standards Board (ASB).
Q14. Why do you think Accounting
Standards are mandatory?
Ans. Accounting Standards play an important role in preparing a
good and accurate financial report. It ensures reliability and
relevance in financial reports.

Check Out >> IFRS vs GAAP: Which is suited
for you?
Q15. Have you ever helped your
company to save money or use their
available financial resources
effectively?
Ans. Explain if you have proposed an idea which has affected the
company’s finances positively. Tell how you have optimized the
process and how you came to such a decision through historical
data review.
Q16. If our organisation has three bank
accounts for processing payments, what
is the minimum number of ledgers it
needs?
Ans.Three ledgers for each account for proper accounting and
reconciliation processes.
Q17. What are some of the ways to
estimate bad debts?
Ans. Some of the popular ways of estimating bad debts are – the
percentage of outstanding accounts, aging analysis, and percentage
of credit sales.

Q18. What is deferred tax liability?
Ans. Deferred tax liability signifies that a company may pay more
tax in the future due to current transactions.
Q19. What is a deferred tax asset and
how is the value created?
Ans. A deferred tax asset is when the tax amount has been paid or
has been carried forward but has still not been recognized in the
income statement. The value is created by taking the difference
between the book income and the taxable income
Q20. What is the equation for Acid-
Test Ratio in accounting?
Ans. The equation for Acid-Test Ratio in accounting
Acid-Test Ratio = (Current assets – Inventory) / Current Liabilities
C H EC K O U T P O P U LA R A C C O U N T I N G C ER T I F I C A T I O N S T O LEA R N A C C O U N T I N G
N O W> >
Q21. What are the popular accounting
applications?
Ans. I am familiar with accounting apps like CGram Software,
Financial Force, Microsoft Accounting Professional, Microsoft
Dynamics AX, and Microsoft Small Business Financials.
Q22. Which accounting application you
like the most and why?

Ans. I find Microsoft Accounting Professional the best as it offers
reliable and fast processing of accounting transactions, thereby
saving time and increasing proficiency.
Q23. Tell me something about GST.
Ans. GST is the acronym for Goods and Service Tax and it is an
indirect tax other than the income tax. The seller charges it to the
customer on the value of the service or product sold. The seller then
deposits the GST to the government.
Q24. What is a bank reconciliation
statement?
Ans. A bank reconciliation statement or BRS is a form that allows
individuals to compare their personal bank account records to that
of the bank. BRS is prepared when the passbook balance differs
from the cashbook balance.
Q25. What is tally accounting?
Ans. It is accounting software used by small businesses and shops
to manage routine accounting transactions.
Q26. What are fictitious assets?
Ans. Fictitious assets are intangible assets and their benefit is
derived over a longer period, for example, goodwill, rights, deferred
revenue expenditure, miscellaneous expenses, preliminary
expenses, and accumulated loss, among others.

Q27. Can you explain the basic
accounting equation?
Ans. Yes, since we know that accounting is all about assets,
liabilities, and capital. Hence, its equation can be summarized as:
Assets = Liabilities + Owners Equity.
Q28. What are the different branches
of accounting?
Ans. There are three branches of accounting –
 Financial Accounting
 Management Accounting
 Cost Accounting
Q29. What is the meaning of purchase
return in accounting?
Ans. As the name suggests, purchase return is a transaction where
the buyer of merchandise, inventory or fixed assets returns these
defective or unsatisfactory products back to the seller.
Q30. What is retail banking?
Ans. Retail banking or consumer banking involves a retail client,
where individual customers use local branches of larger commercial
banks.
Q31. What is off set accounting?

Ans. Offset accounting is a process of cancelling an accounting
entry with an equal but opposite entry. It decreases the net amount
of another account to create a net balance.
Q32. What are the trade bills?
Ans. These are the bills generated against each transaction. It is a
part of the documentation procedure for all types of transactions.
Q33. What is fair value accounting?
Ans. As per fair value accounting, a company has to show the value
of all of its assets in terms of price on the balance sheet on which
that asset can be sold.
Q34. What happens to the cash, which
is collected from the customers but not
recorded as revenue?
Ans. It goes into “Deferred Revenue” on the balance sheet as a
liability if no revenue has been earned yet.
Q35. Why did you choose ‘accounting’
as a career?
Ans. This could be a tricky accounting interview question so you
can answer like – “I was good at numbers and accounting since my
school days, but it was during my 10+2; I decided to adopt this field
as a profession and did Bachelor’s and then Master’s in
Accounting.”

Q36. What is an MIS report, have you
prepared any?
Ans. Yes, I have prepared MIS reports. It is an acronym for
Management Information System, and this report is generated to
identify the efficiency of any department of a company.
Q37. What do you mean by the
company’s payable cycle?
Ans. It is the time required by the company to pay all its account
payables.
Q38. What is Scrap Value in
accounting?
Ans. Scrap Value is the residual value of an asset that any asset
holds after its estimated lifetime.
Q39. Which account is responsible for
interest payable?
Ans. Current liability account is responsible for interest payable.
Prepare for Top Financial Analyst Interview
Questions
Q40. What is the departmental
accounting system?

Ans. It is a type of accounting information system that records all
the financial information and activities of the department. This
financial information can be used to check the profitability and
efficiency of every department.
Q41. What is a perpetual inventory
system?
Ans. Perpetual inventory is a methodology that involves recording
the sale or purchase of inventory immediately using enterprise asset
management software and computerized point-of-sale systems.
Q42. What do you mean when you say
that you have negative working capital?
When a company’s current liabilities exceed its current assets, it is
named as negative working capital. It is a common terminology in
certain industries like retail and restaurant businesses.
Q43. What are the major constraints
that can hamper relevant and reliable
financial statements?
Ans.
1. Delay, which leads to irrelevant information
2. No balance between costs and benefits
3. No balance between the qualitative characteristics
4. No clarity in true and fair view presentation

Q44. Tell me the golden rules of
accounting, just mention the
statements.
Ans. There are three golden rules of accounting –
 Debit the receiver, credit the giver
 Debit what comes in, credit what goes out
 Debit all expenses and losses, credit all incomes and gains
Q45. Please elaborate, what this
statement means – “Debit the Receiver,
Credit the Giver”.
Ans. So, this is among the most frequently asked accounting
interview questions. Your reply should be –
This principle is used in the case of personal accounts. If a person is
giving any amount either in cash or by cheque to an organization, it
becomes an inflow and thus that person must be credited in the
books of accounts. Therefore, when an organization received the
money or cheque, it needs to credit the person who is paying and
debit the organization.
Q46. Any idea what is ICAI?
Ans. Of course, it is the abbreviation of the Institute of Chartered
Accountants in India.
Q47. What do you mean by premises?

Ans. Premises refer to fixed assets presented on a balance sheet.
Q48. What is Executive Accounting?
Ans. Executive Accounting is specifically designed for service-
based businesses. This term is popular in finance, advertising and
public relations businesses.
Q49. What are the bills receivable?
Ans. Bills receivable are the proceeds or payments, which a
merchant or a company will be receiving from its customers.
When replying to accounting interview questions, be very specific
and don’t speak up generic stuff.
Q50. Define Balancing.
Ans. Balancing means equating or balancing both debit and credit
sides of a T-account.
Time For Accounting Interview
Question Quiz

The right answer is the balance sheet.
The right answer is the 2nd option – the income statement will be
impacted.
The right answer is -Cash flow statement.

The right option is the Quick Ratio.
Q51. What is Marginal Cost?
Ans. If there is an increase in the number of units produced, the
total cost of output is changed. Marginal cost is that change in the
cost of an additional unit of output.
Q52. What are Trade Bills?
Ans. Every transaction is documented and the trade bills are those
documents, generated against each transaction.
Q53. Can you define the term Material
Facts?
Ans. Yes, these are the documents such as vouchers, bills, debit and
credit notes, or receipts, etc. They serve as the base of every
account book.
Q54. What are the different stages of
the Double Entry System?

Ans. There are three different stages of the double-entry system,
which are –
 Recording transactions in the accounting systems
 Preparing a trial balance in respective ledger accounts
 Preparing final documents and closing the books of accounts
Q55. What are the disadvantages of a
Double Entry System?
Ans.
 Difficult to find the errors, especially when transactions are
recorded in the books
 In case of any error, extensive clerical labour is required
 You can’t disclose all the information of a transaction, which
is not properly recorded in the journal
Q56. What is Assets Minus Liabilities?
Ans. It stands for an owner’s or a stockholder’s equity.
Q57. What is GAAP?
Ans. GAAP is the abbreviation for Generally Accepted Accounting
Principles (GAAP) issued by the Institute of Chartered Accountants
of India (ICAI) and the provisions of the Companies Act, 1956. It is
a cluster of accounting standards and common industry usage, and
it is used by organizations to:
 Record their financial information properly
 Summarize accounting records into financial statements
 Disclose information whenever required

Q58. Can you tell me some examples of
liability accounts?
Ans. Some popular examples of liability accounts are –
 Accounts Payable
 Accrued Expenses
 Bonds Payable
 Customer Deposits
 Income Taxes Payable
 Instalment Loans Payable
 Interest Payable
 Lawsuits Payable
 Mortgage Loans Payable
 Notes Payable
 Salaries Payable
 Warranty Liability
accounts receivable and deferred
revenue?
Ans. Accounts receivable is yet-to-be received cash from products
or services that are already sold/delivered to customers, whereas,
deferred revenue is the cash received from customers for services or
goods not yet delivered.
Q60. Where should you record a cash
discount in a journal entry?
Ans. A cash discount should be recorded as a reduction of expenses
in a cash account.

Q 61. What is compound journal entry?
Ans. A compound journal entry is just like other accounting entries;
the only difference is that it affects more than two account heads.
The compound journal entry has one debit, more than one credits,
or more than one of both debits and credits.
Q 62. What is the dual aspect term?
Ans. The dual aspect suggests that every business transaction
requires double-entry bookkeeping. This can be understood with the
example- If you purchase anything, you give the cash and receive
the stuff, and when you sell anything, you lose the stuff and earn
the money. This defines the aspects of every transaction.
Q 63. What is retail banking?
Ans. Retain banking is also known as consumer banking, where
individuals use the local branches of larger commercial banks.
Q 64. Define depreciation.
Ans. Depreciation refers to the decreasing value of any asset that is
in use.
Q 65. What are the different types of
depreciation?
Ans. Depreciation is of two types –
1. Straight Line Method
2. Written Down Value Method

Q 66. What is the difference between
the consignor and consignee?
Ans. Consigner – S/he is the shipper of the goods
Ans. Consignee – S/he is the recipient of the goods.
Q 67. Define Partitioning.
Ans. Partitioning refers to the
division/subdivision/grouping/regrouping of financial transactions
in a given financial year.
Q 68. Differentiate between Provision
and Reserve.
Ans.
Provisions – This refers to keeping the money for a given liability.
In short, EXPENSES.
Reserves – Refers to retaining some amount from the profit for
future use. In short, PROFITS.
Q 69. What is an over accrual?
Ans. It is a situation where the estimate for accrual journal entry is
very high, and this may apply to the accrual of revenue or expense.
Q 70. What is reversing journal
entries?

Ans. Reversing entries refer to the journal entries that are made
when an accounting period starts. These entries reverse or cancel
the adjusting journal entries that were made at the end of the
previous accounting period.
Q 71. Name some intangible assets.
Ans. Intangible assets include –
 Patents
 Copyrights
 Trademarks
 Brand names
 Domain names
Q 72. What is Bad debt expense?
Ans. Bad debts expense is asset accounts receivable of a company
and is considered to be uncollectible accounts expense or doubtful
accounts expense.
Q 73. When do you capitalize rather
than expense a purchase?
Ans. An item’s cost is capitalized is it is expected to be consumed
by the company over a long period. This way their economic value
does not depreciate.
Q 74. When does goodwill increase?
Ans. Goodwill can be increased through the acquisition of another
company as a subsidiary, by paying more than the fair value of its
tangible and intangible assets.

Q 75. What are Revenue Recognition
and Matching Principles?
Ans. Revenue Recognition Principle – This principle suggests that
the revenue should be recognized and recorded when it is realized
and earned, no matter when the amount has been paid.
Matching Principle – This principle dictates the companies to report
an expense on its income statement the time the related revenues are
earned. It is associated with the accrual basis of accounting.
Q 76. Name different accounting
concepts.
Ans. The most popular accounting concepts are –
 Accounting Period Concept
 Business Entity Concept
 Cost Concept
 Dual Aspect Concept
 Going Concern Concept
 Matching Concept
 Money Measurement Concept
Q 77. What is the owner’s equity?
Ans. The owner’s equity is a business owner’s claim against the
assets of the business. It is also called the capital of the business and
is calculated by subtracting equity of creditors from the total equity.
Q 78. What is a debit note?

Ans. Debit note or debit memorandum is a commercial document
sent to a seller, by a buyer, formally requesting a credit note. The
original document is sent to the party to whom the goods are being
returned and the duplicate copy is kept for office record.
Q 79. What is a credit note?
Ans. A credit note is a receipt given to a buyer who has returned a
product, by the seller/shop. This intimation suggests that the
buyer’s account is being credited for the purpose indicated.
Q 80. Explain Contingent Liabilities.
Ans. Contingent Liabilities are potential obligations that may or
may not become an actual liability. They may or may not be
incurred by an entity, based on the outcome of an uncertain future
event, e.g. – If an ex-employee of an ABC company sues it for
gender discrimination for any particular sum, the company has a
contingent liability. In case the company is found guilty, it will
have a liability, and if it is not found guilty, the company will not
have an actual liability.
Q 81. What is GST?
Ans. GST or Goods and Service Tax is an indirect tax charged on
the value of the service or product sold to a customer. Here the
consumers pay the tax to the seller, who thereby deposits the GST
to the government.
Q 82. Can you name some common
errors in accounting?
Ans. Some common accounting errors are –

 Error of omission
 Error of commission
 Error of original entry
 Error of accounting principle
 Compensating error
 Error of entry reversal
 Error of duplication
Q 83. What is project implementation?
Ans. Project implementation is a phase when the plans and visions
come into reality. This includes carrying out the tasks to deliver the
outputs and monitor the related progress.
Q 84. What are the various stages of
project implementation?
Ans. There are six steps involved in project implementation, which
are –
 Identifying need
 Generating and screening ideas
 Conducting a feasibility study
 Developing the project
 Implementing the project
 Controlling the project
Q 85. Are you in favour of having
accounting standards?
Ans. I believe that accounting standards contribute to high quality
and accurate reporting and ensure reliable financial statements.

Q86. What do you mean by
Amortization and also mention its
journal entry?
Ans. Amortization is an accounting concept that is used to
gradually write off the cost. Through amortization, over a period of
time, one can allocate the cost of any intangible asset. Also, it can
be done to repay any loan principal. However, those assets which
have an indefinite life like Goodwill can not be amortized.
Below is the journal entry for amortization:
Debit Credit
Amortization expense x~xx
Accumulated amortization xxx
The concept of amortization in accounting is different from
depreciation. The major point of difference between amortization
and depreciation is their usage. Amortization works for intangible
assets whereas depreciation works for tangible assets. Also, unlike
depreciation, amortization has no salvage value. Another key
difference between both is that depreciation can be implemented
using both the straight-line method and accelerated method but
amortization is implemented through the straight-line method.
Using the below transactions solve the
practical accounting questions:

Firm’s Name – ABC Ltd. which is 10 years old firm on December
31, 2018. As on January 01, 2019, below are the trial balance
entries
Transactions/entries Amount in INR
Accounts Payable 50,000
Accounts Receivable 20,000
Cash 4,50,000
Merchandise inventory 6,620
Land 60,000
Unearned revenue 10,000
Salaries payable 32,000
Common Stocks 15,000
Prepaid Rent for Office 15,000
Supplies 20,000
Retained Earnings 25,000
Later other transactions which took place in 2019 are:
1.
1. Paid salaries payable from 2018.
2. As of March 2019, the petty cash expense made was Rs
10,000.

3. Advanced payment made for the company’s car which
was on lease Rs, 1,00,000 on May 1, 2019.
4. Paid office rent in advance Rs. 25,000 on May 3, 2019.
5. Supplies purchased for Rs. 10,000 on the account.
6. During the year, purchased 20 CCTV cameras for Rs.
20,000 for cash.
7. Sold 103 CCTV cameras for Rs. 42,000 (calculate the
cost of goods sold using FIFO method)
8. Accounts payable was Rs. 30,000
9. Petty cash replenished and the receipts included office
supply expenses – Rs. 2,000, miscellaneous Rs. 7,000.
Currency left Rs.1000
10. Billed Fixing services for Rs 10,000 for the year.
11. The salaries paid were Rs. 30,000 in cash
12. Accounts receivable were Rs. 60,000
13. Ad and marketing expense Rs. 6,000
14. Utility expense paid Rs. 5,000
15. The dividend paid to the shareholders was Rs.
15,000.
Q87.What is the total value of cash in
the above transactions?
Ans. Here is the total calculation of cash:
All Cash Transactions and balances:
 Actual Cash = 4,50,000
 Salaries payable = 32,000
 Company’s car lease = 1,00,000
 Office rent = 25,000
 CCTV purchase = 20,000
 Accounts payable = 30,000
 Petty cash = 10,000
 Petty cash replenished = 7,000 + 2000

 Balance petty cash = 1000
 Salaries paid = 30,000
 Accounts receivable = 60,000
 Ad and marketing expense = 6,000
 Utility expense = 5,000
 Dividend paid = 15,000
Hence as per the nature, here is the actual calculation of cash:
4,50,000 – 32,000 – 1,00,000 – 25,000 – 20,000 – 30,000 – (10,000
– 1,000) – 1,000 + 60,000 – 5,000 – 15,000 = 2,73,000
Q88. What is the total value of accounts
receivable in the above transactions?
Ans. All entries related to accounts receivable:
 Income from selling CCTV camera = 42,000
 Billed Fixing services = 10,000
Hence, here is the total calculation of accounts receivable:
20,000 + 42,000 + 10,000 + 60,000 = 1,32,000
Q89. What is the value of the total fixed
assets?
Ans. As no other assets apart from land is mentioned we will
consider Land as the only fixed assets:
Value of Fixed Asset:

Land = 60,000
Q90. What will all be included in
current assets?
Ans. We will include the following things:
 Closing inventory
 Bank and cash value
 Supplies
 Account Receivables
Q91. What will be included in the
Owner’s equity?
Ans. We will include the following things in owners equity:
 Capital (Common Stocks)
 Retained earnings (balance at the beginning of the year, profits
for the current year, less dividend paid, capital contributed
during the year if any)
Q92. What will be included in the
Current Liabilities?
Ans. Under the current liabilities, we will include the amount for
creditors/payables which is 10,000 in the above case.
Q93. What do you mean by Days
Payable Outstanding (DPO)?

Ans. DPO or Days Payable Outstanding refers to the average
number of days which ideally a company takes to clear its credit
purchase in regards to the outstanding suppliers. Most of the time,
DPO is a monthly task for a business, however, each month the day
of clearing the outstanding payment might differ, hence the average
is taken out to estimate the payment period.
Below is the formula for calculating DPO:
Closing accounts payable / Purchase per day
Or
(Average accounts payable / COGS) X Number of days
Q94. Find out the DPO in the below
query.
Ans.
Average accounts payable in June 50,000
Cost of Goods sold in June 5,00,000
As the month of June has 30 days the DPO will be:
(50,000/5,00,000)*30 = 3 days
Hence, the DPO in the above situation is 3 days. This states that a
company takes 3 days on average to clear all its pending invoices.
Q95. What are the different types of
liquidity ratios in accounting?

Ans.
Basically, there are five different types of ratios in accounting:
1. Current Ratio
The higher the company has a current ratio, the better is the
company’s strength to handle short term financial issues. It is
calculated by – Current ratio = Current Asset/ Current
Liabilities
2. Net-Working Capital Ratio
It articulates that whether or not a company has sufficient
funds to carry out short term operations. It is calculated by –
Current Asset – Current Liabilities
3. Quick ratio
The quick ratio is also known as the acid test ratio or liquid
ratio which illustrates the company’s short term liquidity to
meet any short term obligations. If the quick ratio is below
1:1, the company is not in a good state to handle short term
debts. Quick ratio = Liquid Assets / Current Liabilities
4. Super-Quick Ratio
Super Quick Ratio = (Cash + Marketable Securities) /
Current Liabilities
5. The operating Cash Flow ratio
It is calculated by dividing cash flow from operations with
current liabilities. It is observed that a sound operating cash
flow ratio makes the firm’s liquidity position better.
Here cash flow from operations will generally include:
All revenues from operations + Non-cash based expenses –
Non-cash based revenue
Whereas Current Liabilities will include:
Balance payments, creditors, provisions, short term loans, etc.
Q96. What is the Accounting
Information System (AIS)?

Ans. This is a frequently asked accounting interview question
thus you should know everything about AIS.
AIS is a computer-based method used for tracking accounting
activity and involves – collecting, storing, processing, organizing,
and summarizing accounting data and transactions. It also helps in
cumulating financial transactions and essential financial reports,
which helps stakeholders in decision making. Using AIS for storing
and processing financial data helps in the following tasks:
 Measure the financial performance
 Evaluate the finances of the company and compare it with the
previous period to draw a conclusion
 Avoid any miss-handling of data
 Connects Information Technology with GAAP principles
Q97. What do you mean by tangible
real accounts and intangible real
accounts?
Ans.
Tangible Real Account – Those assets which can be touched and
have a physical existence are defined as tangible real accounts.
Example – Machinery A/c, Vehicle A/c, Building A/c
Journal Entry –
 Debit what comes in
 Credit what goes out
Intangible real account – Those assets which have some monetary
values but can’t be touched are referred to as intangible real
accounts.

Example – Goodwill, Patents, Copyrights
Journal Entry –
 Debit what comes in
 Credit what goes out
Q98. How to perform an income
statement analysis?
Ans. The income statement is the company’s core financial
statement highlighting the profits and losses of the company. It
involves:
All revenues – expenses (both operating and non-operating
activities)
To analyze this statement, financial analysts consider vertical
analysis and horizontal analysis.
1. Vertical analysis:
It involves comparing the up and down of the income
statement to the revenue (in percentage). The key metrics
involved are:

o Cost of Goods Sold (COGS)
o Gross profits
o Depreciation
o Interest
o Earnings Before Tax (EBT)
o Tax
o Net earnings
2. Horizontal analysis

It involves comparing the year-over-year (YoY) change of each line
in the income statement. To perform this analysis:
 Take the value in Period N and
 Divide it by value in Period N-1
 Subtract the value by 1 (gives the per cent change)
To learn more about how to conduct a financial analysis you can
consider taking the following courses:
 Financial Analysis Fundamentals by CFI
 Valuation and Financial Analysis For Startups Specialization
by Coursera
Q99. What is Section 209(4A) in The
Companies Act, 1956?
Ans. Section 209(4A) in The Companies Act, 1956 states that:
Every company must preserve the books of accounts, together with
the vouchers relevant to any entry in such books of account, in good
order, relating to a period of not less than 8 years immediately
preceding the current year.
So of the Current Year Ending is – March 2020 then, the company
needs to store the accounts and vouchers for the following years:
March 2019, 2018, 2017,……, to 2012
Q100. Which latest accounting trends
you think are prevailing in 2020? [one
of the most frequently asked
accounting interview questions]

Ans. Below are some of the latest accounting trends:
1. Increased dependency on cloud
Companies are now using cloud computing as a technology
for tracking – tracking inventory, sales, and expenses. A report
by Accounting Age suggests that 78% of small businesses will
rely solely on cloud technology and 67% accountants say that
cloud technology will make their role easier.
2. Automated Data Entry:
As per the Practice of Now 2020 survey, nearly two-thirds of
accountants consider automation of processes, workflows, and
payments the biggest challenge that will impact accountancy
in the next 12 months. That’s why a lot of companies have
started depending upon automation software as they are
efficient and reduce the chances of error or loss of entry.
The Parting Note
Going through the above accounting interview questions will
probably have given you an idea of the type of accounting interview
questions that are asked during an accounting interview. These will
also help you to freshen up your accounting knowledge.
Naukri Learning offers a list of professional online accounting
certifications and courses, which will make you an expert and
improve your chances of acing any accounting interview that you
go for.

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