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Advanced Iot Sensors Networks And Systems Select Proceedings Of Spin 2022 Ashwani Kumar Dubey
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- 5. Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering 1027 Ashwani Kumar Dubey Vijayan Sugumaran Peter Han Joo Chong Editors Advanced IoT Sensors, Networks and Systems Select Proceedings of SPIN 2022
- 6. Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering Volume 1027 Series Editors Leopoldo Angrisani, Department of Electrical and Information Technologies Engineering, University of Napoli Federico II, Napoli, Italy Marco Arteaga, Departament de Control y Robótica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Coyoacán, Mexico Samarjit Chakraborty, Fakultät für Elektrotechnik und Informationstechnik, TU München, München, Germany Jiming Chen, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China Shanben Chen, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China Tan Kay Chen, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore Rüdiger Dillmann, University of Karlsruhe (TH) IAIM, Karlsruhe, Baden-Württemberg, Germany Haibin Duan, Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Beijing, China Gianluigi Ferrari, Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell’Informazione, Sede Scientifica Università degli Studi di Parma, Parma, Italy Manuel Ferre, Centre for Automation and Robotics CAR (UPM-CSIC), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain Faryar Jabbari, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA Limin Jia, State Key Laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China Janusz Kacprzyk, Intelligent Systems Laboratory, Systems Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland Alaa Khamis, Department of Mechatronics Engineering, German University in Egypt El Tagamoa El Khames, New Cairo City, Egypt Torsten Kroeger, Intrinsic Innovation, Mountain View, CA, USA Yong Li, College of Electrical and Information Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, China Qilian Liang, Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA Ferran Martín, Departament d’Enginyeria Electrònica, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain Tan Cher Ming, College of Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore Wolfgang Minker, Institute of Information Technology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany Pradeep Misra, Department of Electrical Engineering, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, USA Subhas Mukhopadhyay, School of Engineering, Macquarie University, NSW, Australia Cun-Zheng Ning, Department of Electrical Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA Toyoaki Nishida, Department of Intelligence Science and Technology, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan Luca Oneto, Department of Informatics, Bioengineering, Robotics and Systems Engineering, University of Genova, Genova, Genova, Italy Bijaya Ketan Panigrahi, Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, Delhi, India Federica Pascucci, Department di Ingegneria, Università degli Studi Roma Tre, Roma, Italy Yong Qin, State Key Laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China Gan Woon Seng, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore Joachim Speidel, Institute of Telecommunications, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany Germano Veiga, FEUP Campus, INESC Porto, Porto, Portugal Haitao Wu, Academy of Opto-electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Haidian District Beijing, China Walter Zamboni, Department of Computer Engineering, Electrical Engineering and Applied Mathematics, DIEM—Università degli studi di Salerno, Fisciano, Salerno, Italy Junjie James Zhang, Charlotte, NC, USA
- 7. The book series Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering (LNEE) publishes the latest developments in Electrical Engineering—quickly, informally and in high quality. While original research reported in proceedings and monographs has traditionally formed the core of LNEE, we also encourage authors to submit books devoted to supporting student education and professional training in the various fields and applications areas of electrical engineering. The series cover classical and emerging topics concerning: • Communication Engineering, Information Theory and Networks • Electronics Engineering and Microelectronics • Signal, Image and Speech Processing • Wireless and Mobile Communication • Circuits and Systems • Energy Systems, Power Electronics and Electrical Machines • Electro-optical Engineering • Instrumentation Engineering • Avionics Engineering • Control Systems • Internet-of-Things and Cybersecurity • Biomedical Devices, MEMS and NEMS For general information about this book series, comments or suggestions, please contact leontina.dicecco@springer.com. To submit a proposal or request further information, please contact the Publishing Editor in your country: China Jasmine Dou, Editor (jasmine.dou@springer.com) India, Japan, Rest of Asia Swati Meherishi, Editorial Director (Swati.Meherishi@springer.com) Southeast Asia, Australia, New Zealand Ramesh Nath Premnath, Editor (ramesh.premnath@springernature.com) USA, Canada Michael Luby, Senior Editor (michael.luby@springer.com) All other Countries Leontina Di Cecco, Senior Editor (leontina.dicecco@springer.com) ** This series is indexed by EI Compendex and Scopus databases. **
- 8. Ashwani Kumar Dubey · Vijayan Sugumaran · Peter Han Joo Chong Editors Advanced IoT Sensors, Networks and Systems Select Proceedings of SPIN 2022
- 9. Editors Ashwani Kumar Dubey Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Amity School of Engineering and Technology Amity University Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India Peter Han Joo Chong School of Engineering, Computer and Mathematical Sciences Auckland University of Technology Auckland, New Zealand Vijayan Sugumaran Department of Decision and Information Sciences Center for Data Science and Big Data Analytics Oakland University Rochester, MI, USA ISSN 1876-1100 ISSN 1876-1119 (electronic) Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering ISBN 978-981-99-1311-4 ISBN 978-981-99-1312-1 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-1312-1 © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2023 Technically Co-Sponsored by: Springer This work is subject to copyright. All rights are solely and exclusively licensed by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors, and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. This Springer imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. The registered company address is: 152 Beach Road, #21-01/04 Gateway East, Singapore 189721, Singapore
- 10. Foreword by Dr. Jon M. Jenkins Advanced IoT Sensors, Networks and Systems contains a collection of high-quality, peer-reviewed research papers that were curated and presented at the 9th Interna- tional Conference on Signal Processing and Integrated Networks (SPIN 2022) held virtually on August 25 and 26, 2022. SPIN 2022 was organized by the Depart- ment of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Amity School of Engineering and Technology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, UP, India. This collection explores the latest advances in the fields of Machine Learning, Wireless Communi- cation, Cloud Computing, Robotics and Embedded Systems and Sensors and Sensor Technology. The collected papers were selected based on their originality, technical strength, novelty, scientific contribution, readability, and application to the field of Internet of Things. Selected topics include applications of machine learning to the classification of Alzheimer’s disease, breast cancer, and to the detection of DDoS attacks, advances in wireless, wearable sensor signal processing and data analytics in healthcare applications, advances in lightweight data security systems for medical communications using two-factor authentication in cloud computing, trajectory opti- mization for satellites and UAVs, and modeling of Martian launch vehicles, to name a few. The diversity and depth of the topics addressed by these collected papers demonstrate the energy and fast-paced evolution of these vital technologies which are transforming our world and human experience for the better in ways both obvious and inconspicuous. v
- 11. vi Foreword by Dr. Jon M. Jenkins The readers are sure to find engaging papers of interest to them whether they are established researchers in the field seeking to keep up with the state of the art or they are newcomers seeking an introduction to these fields and the diversity of application areas in IoT Sensors, Networks and Systems. September 2022 Dr. Jon M. Jenkins NASA Ames Research Center Moffett Field, CA, USA
- 12. Foreword by Dr. Vivek Lall Economic growth in India has gained momentum for a large part of the last several years. The growth charter continues today also and will do so in the near and distant future. However, what India needs is advancements in technology much more than pure play capital investments. There is a dire need to invest exponentially in tech- nological innovations. What India has to its advantage is its demographic dividend and this should be utilized in the most optimal manner. There is development across sectorsviz.energysectorisevolvingwithinnovationsfocusingonhydrogenandother renewables, and automobiles are witnessing the “e-revolution”. The lines between virtual and physical are blurring by the day. Such technological advancements will impact every stratum of society—from economy to culture to environment. To imagine an India in the next 25 years by 2047, it would be easier to analyze each segment of technology from communication technology to electronics to mate- rials to energy to chemicals to aerospace to bioscience, among others. What India requires are institutional measures to restructure and reform the entire RD frame- work and have 5/10/15/20/25—year targets with evaluation and monitoring at each milestone period and scope for course correction where required. There need to be multi-institutional network projects/programs with extensive collaborations between industry and academia. While India currently has to focus on the hard technology part of the subject in terms of infrastructure and services, there is a need to parallelly focus on the softer aspects of technological innovation. There is a lot of dependence between the two, and given India’s plans for the coming 25 years focusing on both will be important. There is a need to think beyond immediate technologies and innovations and imagine what could happen in the next 25 years and how India needs to be prepared for the same. Metaverse is the most recent revolution which is converging virtual and augmented reality—something that was possibly not thought of by the larger public even 5 years ago. The virtual world is transforming into a state of new normal. Online interactions involve immersive participation by varied avatars—connecting buyers and sellers, enabling socializing in different scenarios while also allowing distributed collaborations. This is much different from the existing norms of socializing, inter- actions and collaborations and hence has its own challenges. Personal privacy issues vii
- 13. viii Foreword by Dr. Vivek Lall and risk of hacking of non-accessed devices may result in distrust issues while also putting reputation and identity issues at stake. That apart, Metaverse also requires a touch and feel engagement and due to time and space perceptions, the effectiveness in a Metaverse may get diluted. These are however early days and I am sure the pace of innovations will continue to evolve. Health care, transportation and AI are potentially the three areas which are going to see the maximum innovations in technology. From mind mapping robots to 3D printedbonestohydrogenaircraftandflyingtaxis—itisawholeworldouttherebeing explored and researched. Technologies talking to each other and having a certain amount of autonomous behavior is what AI is bringing to the table. A decision- making ability up to a certain level based on pre-defined algorithms is what will define the communication between technologies going forward. The developments in unmanned systems are an example of how communication is going to move forward between technologies. Brain-computer interfaces are another area of developments in communication that will allow people to transmit thoughts directly to a computer. Digital is being blended with the real world, and there are new ways to visualize work and share ideas. Gradually, we are witnessing a decreasing human touch in communications and technology and as things get automated further, the human touch will possibly remain only that—an interface to monitor the developments. Such rapid techno- logical changes have their consequences with the primary one being policy making. Exponentially evolving technology framework does not beget an equally fast-paced policy framework. There are systems and processes for policy formulation and execu- tion, and hence the risk is technology development may outpace policy making and the latter would only be playing catch up. The second major challenge is the absorp- tion of such evolution. The majority section of the world would possibly be a decade behind in understanding, using and implementing the technological advancements at the pace of origination. Systems that need to be put in place to ensure maximum population are able to reap the benefits of such technological advancements and not result in few sections benefiting disproportionately. AdvancedIoTSensors,NetworksandSystemsareattheheartofthenextparadigm shift in technology, and we look forward to our collective future. September 2022 Dr. Vivek Lall Chief Executive General Atomics Global Corporation San Diego, USA
- 14. Foreword by Prof. Harry E. Ruda Advanced IoT Sensors, Networks and Systems is comprised of a collection of peer- reviewed, high-quality research papers that were selected and presented at the 9th International Conference on Signal Processing and Integrated Networks (SPIN 2022). The conference was held virtually on August 25 and 26, 2022, organized by the Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Amity School of Engineering and Technology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, UP, India. The book provides insights into the fields of Artificial Intelligence, Wireless Commu- nication, Cloud Computing, Embedded Systems and Sensor Technology. The content should appeal to both beginners and experts in these fields as the coverage of the topics is comprehensive and current. Moreover, the authors have placed their contri- butions within the context of the state of the art. The book covers applications includingelectronichealthmonitoring,AI-basedtrajectoryplanningforUAVs,useof smart antenna in military, malicious node detection in heterogeneous IoT, trajectory optimization for Satellites, and QUIC protocol. I am sure readers of this book will find this fascinating and educating text on perspectives in IoT Sensors, Networks and Systems. September 2022 Prof. Harry E. Ruda University of Toronto Toronto, Canada ix
- 15. Preface The book “Advanced IoT Sensors, Networks and Systems—Select Proceedings of SPIN 2022” presents high-quality peer-reviewed and presented research papers from the “9th International Conference on Signal Processing and Integrated Networks (SPIN 2022)” held virtually during August 25–26, 2022, organized by the “Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Amity School of Engineering and Technology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, UP, India”. The contents of the book are broadly divided into five technical tracks, namely (i) Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning and Data Sciences, (ii) Wireless Commu- nication, WSN and Adhoc Networks, (iii) Cloud Computing, 5G, loT and IIoT, (iv) Robotics and Embedded Systems and (v) Sensors and Sensor Technology. A few advanced key topics included in the chapters under different tracks of the book are electronic health records, QUIC protocol, smart antenna applications for military uses, secure importing of files through crypto wallet, malicious node detection in heterogeneous IoT, AI-based trajectory planning for UAVs, trajectory optimization for Satellites, design of 9T1R nvSRAM Cell, etc. The chapters of the book are the selected research papers based on their originality, technical strength, novelty, scien- tific contribution, relevance to the book theme, readability and application to the field of Internet of Things. This book features the latest advances in the field of IoT Sensors, Networks and Systems for diverse applications. This book serves as a definitive reference resource for researchers, professors and practitioners working in the field of IoT and related design and development of the sensors and systems. This book includes the chapters based on the following topics: Alzheimer’s Disease Classification, Clustering for Ordinal Survey Data; Machine Learning Algorithms for Breast Cancer, Deep Learning Analysis of Electronic Health Records; Channel Assignment Method in Cognitive Radio System; Frequency Beam Scanning Antenna Using SIW for mmwave; QUIC Protocol; Prevention of Data Leakage using TDM and DES Encryption and Decryption; Free Space Optics with Intelligent Recon- figurable Surface; Dual Band Conformal Antenna for Military Applications; IEEE 802.11n Devices for Vehicular Networks; Application of Genetic Algorithm and Flower Pollination Algorithm in cloud computing; Malicious Node Detection in Heterogeneous Internet of Things; HSRP and GLBP over OSPF and RIP Routing xi
- 16. xii Preface Protocols; Load Balancing Algorithm in Cloud Computing; Cryptowallet; Trajec- tory Optimization of a Satellite; Artificial Intelligence Aided Trajectory Planning for UAV; 9T1R nvSRAM Cell with Improved Read Delay and Margin; Active Inductor; and Martian Ascent Launch Vehicle. Noida, India Rochester, USA Auckland, New Zealand Prof. (Dr.) Ashwani Kumar Dubey Prof. (Dr.) Vijayan Sugumaran Prof. (Dr.) Peter Han Joo Chong
- 17. SPIN 2022 Conference Organization Patrons-in-Chief Dr. Ashok K. Chauhan, Founder President, Ritnand Balved Education Foundation (RBEF), India Dr. Atul Chauhan, Chancellor, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, and President, RBEF, India Chief Patron Prof. (Dr.) Balvinder Shukla, Vice Chancellor, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, and President, RBEF, India General Chair Prof. (Dr.) Manoj Kumar Pandey, Joint Head, Amity School of Engineering and Technology (ASET), Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, India Conference Chair Prof. (Dr.) J. K. Rai, Professor and HoD (ECE), Amity School of Engineering and Technology (ASET), Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, India xiii
- 18. xiv SPIN 2022 Organizing Chair(s) Prof. (Dr.) Pradeep Kumar, Professor and Dy. HoD (ECE), Amity School of Engineering and Technology (ASET), Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, India Prof. (Dr.) Ashwani Kumar Dubey, Professor (ECE), Amity School of Engineering and Technology (ASET), Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, India International Coordination Committee Chair(s) Dr. M. R. Tripathy, ASET, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, India Dr. Sindhu Hak Gupta, ASET, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, India Editorial Committee Faculty Dr. Anil Kumar Shukla, ASET, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, India Dr. Rinki Gupta, ASET, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, India Student Sagar C. V., ECE, ASET, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, India Shubham Singh, ECE, ASET, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, India Gowri Srinivasan, ECE, ASET, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, India Vedanta Bhattacharya, ECE, ASET, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, India Pranavi Madan, ECE, ASET, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, India Yashasvi Roy, ECE, ASET, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, India Nikita Agarwal, ECE, ASET, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, India Ishaan Srivastava, ECE, ASET, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, India Tina Kalita, ECE, ASET, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, India T. Venkatasai, ECE, ASET, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, India Finance Chair Dr. Anil Kumar Shukla, ASET, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, India
- 19. SPIN 2022 xv Technical Session Committee Dr. Rinki Gupta, ASET, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, India Dr. Sanmukh Kaur, ASET, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, India Dr. Shubhra Dixit, ASET, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, India Dr. Nidhi Gaur, ASET, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, India Dr. Richa Sharma, ASET, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, India Ms. Anupama Bhan, ASET, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, India Mr. Lala Bhaskar, ASET, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, India Sponsorship Committee Dr. Rinki Gupta, ASET, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, India Dr. Sunny Anand, ASET, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, India Website and Media Management Committee Dr. Richa Sharma, ASET, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, India Registration Committee Ms. Anupama Bhan, ASET, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, India Dr. Shubhra Dixit, ASET, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, India Technical Program Committee Chair Dr. Shubhra Dixit, ASET, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, India Members Dr. Afaq Ahmad, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman Dr. Carlos M. T. González, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain Dr. Rinki Gupta, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, India
- 20. xvi SPIN 2022 Dr. Sindhu Hak, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, India Dr. Rajeev Ratan, MVN University, Haryana, India Dr. Yogesh Kumar, Chitkara University, Punjab, India Dr. Yaduvir Singh, Harcourt Butler Technical University, UP, India Dr. Partha Mangipudi, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, India Dr. Alok Srivastava, MVN University, Haryana, India Dr. Smriti Agarwal, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology, UP, India Dr. Supriya Goel, University of Hyderabad Campus, Hyderabad, India Dr. Abhishek Kashyap, Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, Noida, India Dr. Deepti Mehrotra, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, India Dr. Ajay Roy, Lovely Professional University, Punjab, India Dr. Divya Upadhyay, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, India Dr. Irshad Ahmad Ansari, Indian Institute of Information Technology, MP, India Dr. P. Banerjee, Former Chief Scientist, NPL, New Delhi, India Dr. Gourav Bathla, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, UK, India Dr. Digvijay S. Chauhan, Feroze Gandhi Institute of Engineering and Technology, UP, India Dr. Ritu Gupta, Bhagwan Parshuram Institute of Technology, New Delhi, India Dr. Sanmukh Kaur, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, India Dr. Ravi Kumar Arya, National Institute of Technology, Delhi, India Dr. Sakshi Bangia, YMCA University of Science and Technology, Haryana, India Dr. Rashmi Gupta, G. G. Singh Indraprastha University, New Delhi, India Dr. Basant Kumar, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology, UP India Dr. Sachin Kumar, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, India Dr. Kamlesh Kr. Singh, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow, India Dr. M. D. Upadhayay, Shiv Nadar University, UP, India Dr. Rashmi Vashisth, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, India Dr. Seema Verma, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, India Dr. Tanu Wadhera, Indian Institute of Information Technology, Una, India Dr. Bhalke Bhalke, AISSMS College of Engineering, Maharashtra, India Dr. Dinesh Bhatia, North-Eastern Hill University, Meghalaya, India Dr. Monica Kaushik, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, India Dr. Sumit Kushwaha, Chandigarh University, Punjab, India Dr. Shalini Sah, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, India Dr. Subodh Wairya, Institute of Engineering and Tech, Lucknow, UP, India Dr. Pawan Whig, V. I. P. S., New Delhi, India Dr. Shamim Akhter, Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, Noida, India Dr. Shakti Raj Chopra, Lovely Professional University, Punjab, India Dr. Urvashi Garg, Haryana College of Technology and Management (HCTM), India Dr. Pooja Jha, Amity University Jharkhand, Jharkhand, India Dr. Alok Joshi, Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, Noida, India Dr. Raj Kamal Kapur, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, India Dr. J. K. Rai, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, India Dr. Anil Kumar Shukla, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, India Dr. Kuldeep Singh, G. University of Science and Technology, Haryana, India
- 21. SPIN 2022 xvii Dr. Kuldeep Singh, Malaviya National Institute of Technology, Jaipur, India Dr. Mayank Srivastava, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, India Dr. Prashant Upadhyaya, Chandigarh University, Punjab, India Dr. R. L. Yadava, Galgotias College of Engineering and Technology, UP, India Dr. Mohammad Z. Khan, Integral University, Lucknow, India Dr. Sunny Anand, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, India Dr. Shailendra Aswale, S. R. Institute of Engineering and Information Technology (SRIEIT), Goa, India Dr. Surender Kr. Grewal, D. Chhotu Ram University of Science and Technology, Haryana, India Dr. Pragya Hejib, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India Dr. Pradeep Kumar, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, India Dr. Sunil Kumar, SCIT, Manipal University, Jaipur, India Dr. Abhimanyu Nain, G. J. University of Science and Technology, Haryana, India Dr. Seema Narwal, Dronacharya College of Engineering, Gurugram, India Dr. Anurag Singh, NIT Delhi, New Delhi, India Dr. Gurpreet Singh, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab, India Dr. Rajeev Tiwari, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, UK, India International Advisory Committee Prof. Kazuya Kobayashi, Chuo University, Tokyo, Japan Prof. Cher Ming Tan, Chang Gung University, Taipei, Taiwan Dr. Teruaki Hayashi, The University of Tokyo, Japan Dr. Ahmed Abdelgawad, Central Michigan University, USA Dr. Annalisa Bruno, ERI, Nanyang Technical University, Singapore Dr. Hien Quoc Ngo, ECIT, Queen’s University Belfast, UK. Dr. Paramita Guha, CSIR-National Physical Laboratory, New Delhi, India Dr. Vijayan Sugumaran, Oakland University, USA Dr. Lotte N. S. A. Struijk, Aalborg University, Denmark Prof. Komal Bhatia, YMCAUST, Faridabad, Haryana, India Dr. Peter Han Joo Chong, Auckland University of Technology, New Zealand Dr. Álvaro Rocha, ISEG, University of Lisbon, Portugal Dr. Sunil Vadera, University of Salford, UK Dr. Carlos M. T.-González, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (ULPGC), Spain Prof. Z. A. Jaffery, Department of Electronics Engineering, Jamia Millia Islamia, ND, India Dr. Boris Novikov, HSE University, St. Petersburg, Russia Dr. Miguel López-Benítez, University of Liverpool, UK Dr. Gaurav Sharma, University of Rochester, USA Prof. Rajiv Kapoor, Delhi Technological University, New Delhi, India Dr. Yury Shestopalov, University of Gävle, Gävle, Sweden
- 22. xviii SPIN 2022 Dr. C. J. Reddy, Americas Altair Engineering, Inc, USA Prof. Mridula Gupta, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India Dr. Afaq Ahmad, Sultan Qaboos University, Sultanate of Oman, UAE Dr. Thuy T. Le, San José State University, USA Prof. Nandana Rajatheva, University of Oulu, Finland Prof. Neeta Pandey, Delhi Technological University, New Delhi, India Organizing Committee Dr. M. R. Tripathy, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, India Dr. Anu Mehra, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, India Dr. Sindhu Hak Gupta, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, India Dr. Rinki Gupta, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, India Dr. Neeraj Khera, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, India Dr. Sanmukh Kaur, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, India Dr. Anil Kumar Shukla, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, India Dr. Richa Sharma, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, India Dr. Nidhi Gaur, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, India Dr. Shalini Sah, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, India Dr. Shubhra Dixit, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, India Dr. Sunny Anand, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, India Mr. Lala Bhaskar, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, India Mr. Rahul Kr. Verma, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, India Ms. Shikha Bathla, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, India Ms. Anupama Bhan, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, India Mr. Haneet Rana, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, India
- 23. Amity University at a Glance Ritnand Balved Education Foundation (RBEF), a non-profit organization registered under the Societies Act-1860, is the umbrella body for all Amity institutions. Amity is home to over 1,25,000 brilliant students and is a pioneer in providing quality educa- tion in multiple domains offered by over 300 programs. Driven by the dream to create a world of knowledge par excellence, Amity University is spearheading the field of education. Amity has set a new standard of academic excellence in India by becoming Asia’s only not-for-profit University to have been awarded US Regional Accredita- tion by WASC Senior College and University Commission, USA—considered to be the Gold Standard of Accreditations globally. Amity University was founded with a focus on research and innovation. At Amity, there is a strong impetus to research which has led to Amity scientists and faculty filing more patents than any other Indian University, besides developing more than 2,120 management case studies bought by over 490 institutions worldwide including Harvard, Stanford, Oxford, McKinsey and KPMG. In this Knowledge Era, Amity University has emerged as a Research and Innova- tion Driven University. Amity, being a very young University, has already undertaken over 145 Research Projects funded by leading government and non-government orga- nizations and international funding agencies such as MoEF, DST, CSIR, DBT, ICMR, ICAR, DRDO, Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, Leverhulme Trust of UK and USAID. State-of-the-art research infrastructures have been created, both through Government funded and S&T department as well as through Amity resources which included instruments such as FACS Accuri and FACS sorter, Confocal Microscope, Scanning Electron Microscope, FT-IR and HPLC. Amityhas beencreditedwithfilingover 1530Patents andhas consistentlyretained its position as the single largest patent-filing private Indian Institution next to all IITs together. Some of the technologies which have been transferred recently to Industries includeRootonics:aplantrootfunguswhichhascloseto“magical”benefitsforcrops, Biodegradable Plastic, Milk Adulteration Kit, Photocatalytic Wastewater Treatment, Textile and Dyeing Industry, Nanomaterials for Dye Removal in Water, Iodine Based Fingerprint powder for developing Latent Fingerprint, LPG Sensor, Herbal Mosquito Repellent, Rechargeable Fly Ash Battery and Herbal Colors. xix
- 24. xx Amity University at a Glance The Scientists and researchers of Amity University pursue research activities tire- lessly, and publish their work in reputed, peer-reviewed refereed journals with high impact factors. Over 25000 research articles have been published by the researchers and scientists of the Amity University as books/chapters or in journals such as Cell, Lancet, ACS, Oxford Journals, Nature Publishing group, RSC Advances, Taylor & Francis, Springer, Elsevier and Wiley etc. Amity faculty have developed over 3500 case studies which have been referred to by leading institutions such as Harvard, MIT, Oxford and Stanford. The University has also made concerted efforts to strengthen Research and Innovation activities as evidenced by the Amity Innovation Incu- bator supported by DST, DST-Technology Enabling Center (TEC), NRDC-Amity Innovation Facilitation Centre and Amity Center for Entrepreneurship Development. Amity follows Outcome-Based Education concept, and it is the first University in Asia that makes every day in the life of a student, a new learning. To fulfill the mission of outcome-based education system, Amity University offers different programs in Engineering, Biosciences, Architecture, Telecommunications, Arts, Journalism, Management, Humanities, Social Sciences, Hospitality, Law, Health, Insurance and many more. All the courses are designed to provide holistic development of the individuals with a Choice-Based Credit System. Beyond academics, Amity imparts attention to personality development and personal grooming. Special classes are held on leadership, teamwork and analytical skills to instill confidence among the students. Practical and a contemporary curriculum updated by Industry Advisory Board emphasizes industry-oriented teaching. The education framework at Amity is rooted upon certain key values and ethics. It stresses on principles such as patriotism, courage and respect for elders. It is this sense of purpose that has led to the creation of the “101 Attributes of an Amitian”. A center for corporate induction and a team with several corporate associations runs a Corporate Resource Centre to ensure continuous interaction with industry leaders, including CEOs, who are regularly invited to share their experiences of business and instill best practices within the university’s student body, lending them an edge in the graduate employment market. Amity also offers an Incubation Centre, which supports budding industries and future entrepreneurs. For these reasons, Government of India has recognized Amity as a “Scientific and Industrial Research Organization” (SIRO). Amity University is India’s first University to receive the prestigious Institution of Engineering and Technology (IET), UK, Accreditation for its B.Tech. degrees. This stupendous achievement reflects the world-class quality of education provided by Amity Group. Amity University Uttar Pradesh has been accredited by National Assessment and Accreditation Council (NAAC) with “A+” Grade. Amity University Uttar Pradesh ranked 25th in the National Institutional Ranking Framework (NIRF) India Rankings, by Ministry of Education, Government of India, in 2022. Apart from this, there are several other accreditations, those convey the quality education Amity provides in different sectors. Amity University Uttar Pradesh has also been accred- ited by the Accreditation Council for Business Schools and Programmes (ACBSP, USA) for its management programs; Royal Institute of Charted Surveyors (RICS,
- 25. Amity University at a Glance xxi UK) for real estate and construction programs; European Foundation for Manage- ment Development—Technology Enhancement Learning (EFMD-CEL), Belgium; UNWTO.TeDQual, Andorra, for Travel and Tourism programs. Amity University’s innovative research has been identified as a particular strength, which has led to the inclusion of Amity Institutes among the top rankings and prestigious surveys conducted by leading publications in India. About Amity School of Engineering and Technology Programs Offered: B.Tech. (Electronics and Communication Engineering.), B.Tech. (Electronics and Communication Engineering)-3Continent, B.Tech. (Electronics and Telecommunication), B.Tech. (Robotics), B.Tech. Electronics Engineering (VLSI Design and Technology), B.Tech. (Computer Science and Engineering), B.Tech. (Civil Engineering), B.Tech. (Automobile Engineering), B.Tech. (Electrical and Electronics Engineering), B.Tech. (Information Technology), B.Tech. (Mechanical Engineering), etc. About the Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Electronics and Communication Engineering department is the premium department of Amity School of Engineering and Technology (ASET), Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India. ASET Noida is accredited by IET, UK, and has been Ranked No. 3 among Top Private Engineering Schools in Times Engineering Institute Ranking survey and Ranked 25 in NIRF ranking by Government of India. ECE Department offers various UG Programs like B.Tech. (ECE), B.Tech. (ECE)-3C, B.Tech. (E&T), B.Tech. (Robotics), B.Tech. Electronics Engineering (VLSI Design and Technology) and PG Programs like M.Tech. (ECE), M.Tech. (VLSI), M.Tech. (Embedded System Technology), M.Tech. (Wireless Communication) and B.Tech. (ECE) + MBA (Inte- grated) and Ph.D. Programs. The department does cutting-edge research in areas such as signal processing, semiconductor chip design, telecommunication, data commu- nication networks, satellite and radar link setup, RF and microwave, embedded systems, robotics and artificial intelligence. The department provides the students strong academic basics and ample opportunities for innovation and research through its 52 well-equipped labs, in-house training, industry training, and outcome based minor and major project works. As a result, the highly competent students of ECE under the guidance of experience and qualified faculty have published more than 800 research papers and filed more than 80 patents. Many students of ECE have been placed in Top organizations and MNCs including Google, Microsoft, Cisco, British Telecom, L&T, Videocon, Nokia, Thales, Tech. Mahindra, Samsung, Orange,
- 26. xxii Amity University at a Glance Workspace Dubai, Accenture, Wipro Technologies, TCS, HCL Technologies, Indigo, Indian Navy, Indian Air Force, Amazon, HFCL, etc. The department offers students a rich international exposure through guest lectures by internationally acclaimed scientists and academicians, and Student Exchange Programme and Study Abroad Programme (SAP). Department of ECE has been successfully hosting a prestigious International Conference on Signal Processing and Integrated Networks (SPIN) annually since 2014.
- 27. SPIN 2022 Conference at a Glance The conference “Signal Processing and Integrated Networks (SPIN)” is devoted to the recent advancements in Signal Processing and Integrated Networks and its related areas. Over the past few years, SPIN has emerged as a well-recognized conference in the country and overseas because of its high-quality peer-reviewed research articles, invited talks from renowned industry and academic leaders showcasing their latest innovations and networking opportunities. The conference has proven to be a succes- sive catalyst in fostering novel work, sharing views and getting innovative ideas in the field of Signal Processing and Integrated Networks. In succession of the Inter- national Conferences SPIN-2014, SPIN-2015, SPIN-2016, SPIN 2017, SPIN 2018, SPIN 2019, SPIN 2020 and SPIN 2021, 9th International Conference on Signal Processing and Integrated Networks (SPIN 2022) is organized by Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Amity School of Engineering and Technology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, UP, India, during August 25– 26, 2022. The conference aimed to bring together scientists, academicians and indus- trialists working on the innovative advancements and development in the domain of Signal Processing, Image Processing, IoT, Wireless Communication, Robotics and Embedded Technology, Computational Electromagnetics, RF and Microwave; VLSI and Micro-electronics, etc. to discuss new concepts and endorse research work. The LNEE book series contains papers presented at the 9th International Conference on Signal Processing and Integrated Networks (SPIN 2022). The call for papers received an overwhelming response. Each contributed paper was refereed before being accepted for publication in this book series. The papers were accepted for publication based on the theme, relevance, innovation and appli- cation to the field of signal processing and integrated networks. Over 500 scientific participants including students, academicians, government and industry personnel from India and abroad have participated in SPIN 2022. This year, SPIN 2022 showcases over 35 Keynote/Invited Talks by eminent keynote speakers from across the world on a variety of topics. We thank all the authors who have submitted and presented their research findings in SPIN 2022. Special thanks go to our Technical Co-Sponsor Springer for all the publication support, IEEE Council on RFID, and IEEE Antenna and Propagation xxiii
- 28. xxiv SPIN 2022 Conference at a Glance Society for the financial support. We thank our Academic Partners Electromagnetics Laboratory, Chuo University, Tokyo, Japan, and Department of Electronics, Mathematics and Natural Sciences University of Gavle, Gavle, Sweden. We are grateful to the plethora of the eminent and distinguished speakers who have shown interest in SPIN 2022: Dr. Vivek Lall, Chief Executive, General Atomics Global Corporation, San Diego County, California, USA. Dr. Muriel Medard, Cecil H. and Ida Green Professor of EECS, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA. Dr. Jon Jenkins, Computer Scientist, NASA Ames Research Center, NASA, California, USA. Dr. Jeff Grover, Research Scientist, Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Massachusetts, USA. Dr. Peter Stone, Professor, David Bruton, Jr. Centennial Professor, Director (Texas Robotics), Associate Chair, Department of Computer Science, The University of Texas, Austin, USA. Dr. Ahmed Abdelgawad, Professor of Computer Engineering, College of Science and Engineering, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, USA. Dr. Annalisa Bruno, Principal Scientist, Energy Research Institute, Nanyang Technical University, Singapore. Dr. Hien Quoc Ngo, Associate Professor, UKRI Future Leaders Fellow, Insti- tute of Electronics, Communications and Information Technology (ECIT), Queen’s University Belfast, UK. Dr. Vijayan Sugumaran, Professor and Chair, Department of Decision and Informa- tion Sciences, Co-Director, Center for Data Science and Big Data Analytics, Oakland University, USA. Dr. Lotte N. S. Andreasen Struijk, Associate Professor, Department of Health Science and Technology, The Faculty of Medicine, Neurorehabilitation Robotics and Engineering, Head of Center for Rehabilitation Robotics, Aalborg University, Denmark. Dr. Peter Han Joo Chong, Professor and Associate Head of School (Research), School of Engineering, Computer and Mathematical Sciences, Faculty of Design and Creative Technologies, Auckland University of Technology, New Zealand. Dr. Sunil Vadera, Professor of Computer Science, University of Salford, UK. Dr. Mehmet Emir Koksalal, Professor, University of Twente, Department of Applied Mathematics, The Netherlands. Dr. Carlos M. Travieso-González, Professor and Head of Signals and Commu- nications Department, Institute for Technological Development, and Innovation in Communications (IDeTIC), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (ULPGC), Spain. Dr. Boris Novikov, Professor, Department of Informatics HSE University, St. Petersburg, Russia. Dr. Muhammad Ijaz, Head of Laser and Optics Communication (LOC) lab, Depart- ment of Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK.
- 29. SPIN 2022 Conference at a Glance xxv Dr. Miguel López-Benítez, Associate Professor, Department of Electrical Engi- neering and Electronics, University of Liverpool, UK. Dr. Rowel Atienza, Professor and Scientist, University of the Philippines, Philippines. Dr. Justin Dauwels, Associate Professor, Department of Microelectronics, TU Delft, The Netherlands. Dr. Alex Casson, Associate Professor, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Manchester, Manchester, England, United Kingdom. Dr. Ajay Pandey, Professor, School of Electrical Engineering and Robotics, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia. Dr. Sarath Kodagoda, Professor of Robotics, President of Australian Robotics and Automation Association (ARAA), Director UTS Robotics Institute, Hornsby, New South Wales, Australia. Dr. Zeljko Zilic, Professor, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Dr. Gaurav Sharma, Professor, Department of Electrical and Computer Engi- neering, University of Rochester, USA. Dr. Yury Shestopalov, Professor, University of Gävle, Gävle, Sweden. Dr. Kazuya Kobayashi, Professor, Department of Electrical, Electronic, and Communication Engineering, Chuo University, Japan. Dr. Nasimuddin, Institute for Infocomm Research, A-STAR, Singapore. Dr. C. J. Reddy, Vice President of Business Development-Electromagnetics, Americas Altair Engineering, Inc, USA. Dr. Shuai Zhang, Associate Professor, Aalborg University, Denmark. Dr. Zhijiao Chen, School of Electronic Engineering, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications (BUPT), China. Dr. Muhammad Ali Babar Abbasi, ECIT Institute, Queens University Belfast, UK. Dr. Afaq Ahmad, Professor, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Sultan Qaboos University, Sultanate of Oman, UAE. Dr. Ankit Agrawal, Research Professor, Department of ECE, Northwestern Univer- sity, USA. Dr.ThuyT.Le,ProfessorandDepartmentChair,ElectricalEngineeringDepartment, San José State University, San Jose, California, USA. Dr. Nandana Rajatheva, Professor, Digital Transmission Technologies, Centre for Wireless Communications, University of Oulu, Finland. It would be unfair to not acknowledge the constant unwavering support and expe- rience of outstanding researchers and leaders. The organizing chairs take this oppor- tunity to thank Patrons-in-Chief (SPIN 2022) Dr. Ashok K. Chauhan (Hon’ble Founder President Ritnand Balved Education Foundation (RBEF), India), Dr. Atul Chauhan (Hon’ble Chancellor, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, India, and President RBEF, India), Chief Patron (SPIN 2022), Prof. (Dr.) Balvinder Shukla (Hon’ble Vice Chancellor, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, India), General Chair (SPIN 2022) Prof. (Dr.) Manoj Kumar Pandey (Joint Head, Amity School of Engineering and Technology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, India), and Conference Chair (SPIN 2022) Prof. (Dr.) J. K. Rai (HoD, ECE, ASET, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, India).
- 30. xxvi SPIN 2022 Conference at a Glance On behalf of the Organizing Committee, we would like to thank Springer for publishing the proceedings of SPIN 2022. We would also like to thank all our committee members and reviewers for dedi- cating their time and effort in technical evaluation of the conference papers and organizing this conference. We are very much grateful to the participants for their excellent papers, inspiring presentations and for sharing their knowledge with the researchers. Finally, we thank our student volunteers for their enthusiastic organizing and managing efforts, which has made this conference SPIN 2022 a grand success. Organizing Chairs (SPIN 2022) Prof. (Dr.) Pradeep Kumar Prof. (Dr.) Ashwani Kumar Dubey Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, India
- 31. Keynote/Invited Talks Keynote 1 Dr. Muriel Medard Professor of EECS, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States Dr. Muriel Médard is the Cecil H. and Ida Green Professor in the Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS) Department at MIT, where she leads the NetworkCodingandReliableCommunicationsGroupintheResearchLaboratoryfor Electronics at MIT. She obtained three Bachelor’s degrees (EECS 1989, Mathematics 1989 and Humanities 1991), as well as her M.S. (1991) and Sc.D (1995), all from MIT. She is a Member of the US National Academy of Engineering (elected 2020), a Fellow of the US National Academy of Inventors (elected 2018), American Academy of Arts and Sciences (elected 2021) and a Fellow of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (elected 2008). She holds an Honorary Doctorate from the Technical University of Munich (2020). xxvii
- 32. xxviii Keynote/Invited Talks She was co-winner of the MIT 2004 Harold E. Egerton Faculty Achievement Award and was named a Gilbreth Lecturer by the US National Academy of Engi- neering in 2007. She received the 2017 IEEE Communications Society Edwin Howard Armstrong Achievement Award and the 2016 IEEE Vehicular Technology James Evans Avant Garde Award. She received the 2019 Best Paper award for IEEE Transactions on Network Science and Engineering, the 2018 ACM SIGCOMM Test of Time Paper Award, the 2009 IEEE Communication Society and Informa- tion Theory Society Joint Paper Award, the 2009 William R. Bennett Prize in the Field of Communications Networking, the 2002 IEEE Leon K. Kirchmayer Prize Paper Award, as well as eight conference paper awards. Most of her prize papers are co-authored with students from her group. She has served as technical program committee co-chair of ISIT (twice), CoNext, WiOpt,WCNCandofmanyworkshops.ShehaschairedtheIEEEMedalscommittee, and served as member and chair of many committees, including as inaugural chair of the Millie Dresselhaus Medal. She was Editor-in-Chief of the IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications and has served as editor or guest editor of many IEEE publications, including the IEEE Transactions on Information Theory, the IEEE Journal of Lightwave Technology and the IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security. She was a member of the inaugural steering committees for the IEEE Transactions on Network Science and for the IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Information Theory. She currently serves as the Editor-in-Chief of the IEEE Transactions on Information Theory. Muriel was elected president of the IEEE Information Theory Society in 2012, and serves on its board of governors, having previously served for 11 years. Muriel received the inaugural 2013 MIT EECS Graduate Student Association Mentor Award, voted by the students. She set up the Women in the Information Theory Society (WithITS) and Information Theory Society Mentoring Program, for which she was recognized with the 2017 Aaron Wyner Distinguished Service Award. She served as undergraduate Faculty in Residence for 7 years in two MIT dormitories (2002–2007). She was elected by the faculty and served as member and later chair of the MIT Faculty Committee on Student Life and as inaugural chair of the MIT Faculty Committee on Campus Planning. She was chair of the Institute Committee on Student Life. She was recognized as a Siemens Outstanding Mentor (2004) for her work with High School students. She serves on the Board of Trustees since 2015 of the International School of Boston, for which she is treasurer. She has over 50 US and international patents awarded, the vast majority of which have been licensed or acquired. For technology transfer, she has co-founded CodeOn, for which she consults, and Steinwurf, for which she is Chief Scientist. Muriel has supervised over 40 master’s students, over 20 doctoral students and over 25 postdoctoral fellows.
- 33. Keynote/Invited Talks xxix Guessing Random Additive Noise Decoding (GRAND) or How to Stop Worrying About Error-Correcting Code Design Abstract. To maintain data integrity in the face of network unreliability, systems rely onerror-correctingcodes.Systemstandardization,suchasthis,hasbeenoccurringfor 5G, is predicated on co-designing these error-correcting codes and, most importantly, their generally complex decoders, into efficient, dedicated and customized chips. In this talk, we show that this assumption is not necessary and has been leading to significant performance loss. We describe “Guessing Random Additive Noise Decoding”, or GRAND, by Duffy, Médard and their research groups, which renders universal, optimal, code-agnostic decoding possible for low to moderate redundancy settings. Moreover, recent work with Yazicigil and her group has demonstrated that such decoding can be implemented with extremely low latency in silicon. GRAND enables a new exploration of codes, in and of themselves, independently of tailored decoders, over a rich family of code designs, including random ones. Surprisingly, even the simplest code constructions, such as those used merely for error checking, match or markedly outperform state-of-the-art codes when optimally decoded with GRAND. Without the need for highly tailored codes and bespoke decoders, we can envisage using GRAND to avoid the issue of limited and sub-optimal code choices that 5G encountered, and instead have an open platform for coding and decoding. Keynote 2 Dr. Jon Jenkins Computer Scientist, NASA Ames Research Center, California, United States
- 34. xxx Keynote/Invited Talks Dr. Jon M. Jenkins is Co-Investigator for Data Processing for both the Kepler Mission and the upcoming TESS Mission. He conducts research at NASA Ames Research Center on data processing and detection algorithms for discovering tran- siting extrasolar planets. Dr. Jenkins joined the Kepler team in 1995 to help develop the technology for Kepler before it was selected for flight in 2002. He led the design and development of the science processing pipeline for Kepler, which takes the data from raw pixels to the detection and initial characterization of transiting planet candi- dates. In February 2014, Dr. Jenkins joined NASA Ames Research Center to lead the effort to design and build a science processing center for NASA’s newly selected TESS Mission which will perform an all-sky transit survey to identify the closest and best Earth-size and super-Earth-size planets for follow-up and characterization. Dr. Jenkins received NASA’s Exceptional Technology Achievement Medal as well as NASA’s prestigious Software of the Year Award in 2010 for his work on Kepler. He holds a Ph.D. in Electrical Engineering from Georgia Tech Institute of Technology and has co-authored over 120 scientific papers in planetary science, astrophysics and technology. Stochastic Signal Processing and Machine Learning Approaches for Exoplanet Transit Surveys Abstract. Since 1995, over 5000 exoplanets orbiting other stars in our galaxy have been discovered. By far, the most productive detection method has been transit photometry which has detected ~3900. In transit surveys, repeated small dips in brightness of a star can reveal the presence of an exoplanet crossing the face of its host star as viewed from our solar system. The change in brightness caused by a planetary transit varies from less than 80 ppm to ~2% for small terrestrial planets like Earth to large, inflated hot Jupiters. These brightness changes can be difficult to detect as they are buried in intrinsic stellar brightness variations such as star spots and instrumental effects. In this talk, I present an adaptive wavelet-based matched filter approach to detecting these weak planetary signatures that has resulted in the discovery of ~2900 of the current exoplanet catalog from observations by NASA’s Kepler and Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) missions. This talk also discusses the application of machine learning techniques for vetting and validation of transiting exoplanet candidates.
- 35. Keynote/Invited Talks xxxi Keynote 3 Dr. Justin Dauwels Associate Professor, Department of Microelectronics, TU Delft, The Netherlands Dr.JustinDauwelsisanAssociateProfessorattheTUDelft(CircuitsandSystems, Department of Microelectronics). He was an associate professor of the School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering at the Nanyang Technological University (NTU) in Singapore till the end of 2020. He was the Deputy Director of the ST Engineering—NTU corporate lab, which comprises 100+ Ph.D. students, research staff and engineers, developing novel autonomous systems for airport operations and transportation. His research interests are in data analytics with applications to intelligent trans- portation systems, autonomous systems, and analysis of human behavior and physi- ology. He obtained his Ph.D. degree in electrical engineering at the Swiss Polytech- nical Institute of Technology (ETH) in Zurich in December 2005. Moreover, he was a postdoctoral fellow at the RIKEN Brain Science Institute (2006–2007) and a research scientist at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (2008–2010). He has been a JSPS postdoctoral fellow (2007), a BAEF fellow (2008), a Henri-Benedictus Fellow of the King Baudouin Foundation (2008) and a JSPS invited fellow (2010, 2011). He served as Chairman of the IEEE CIS Chapter in Singapore from 2018 to 2020, and serves as Associate Editor of the IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing (since 2018), Associate Editor of the Elsevier journal Signal Processing (since 2021), member of the Editorial Advisory Board of the International Journal of Neural Systems, and organizer of IEEE conferences and special sessions. He is also Elected Member of the IEEE Signal Processing Theory and Methods Technical Committee and IEEE Biomedical Signal Processing Technical Committee, both since 2018. His research team has won several best paper awards at international conferences and journals. His research on intelligent transportation systems has been featured by the BBC, Straits Times, Lianhe Zaobao, Channel 5 and numerous technology websites. Besides his academic efforts, the team of Dr. Justin Dauwels also collaborates intensely
- 36. xxxii Keynote/Invited Talks with local start-ups, SMEs and agencies, in addition to MNCs, in the field of data- driven transportation, logistics and medical data analytics. His academic lab has spawned four start-ups across a range of industries, ranging from AI for health care to autonomous vehicles. Artificial Intelligence for Applications in Neurology Abstract. Many tasks in medicine still involve substantial manual work. In many cases, there is strong potential for intelligent automation by Artificial Intelligence (AI), leading possibly to a reduction in costs and man-hours, while increasing the quality of clinical service. In this talk, we will consider applications of AI in the domain of neurology. We are developing a low-cost validated system to automatically interpret EEG via remote access. Diagnosis and management of neurological disorders rely on visual review of EEG data by specialized physicians. As the duration of EEG recordings ranges from 30 minutes to several weeks, the visual review is time-consuming, and accounts for approximately 80% of total cost associated with EEG reading. Our system has the potential to reduce expenses associated with EEG testing and allows physicians to devote more quality time to their patients. One of the applications that we have explored so far is diagnosis of epilepsy of EEG. In this talk, we will show numerical results on large EEG data sets of epilepsy patients and healthy control subjects for multiple centers. Keynote 4 Dr. Rowel Atienza Professor and Scientist, University of the Philippines, Philippines Dr. Rowel Atienza is a Professor at the Electrical and Electronics Engineering Institute of the University of the Philippines, Diliman. He holds the Dado and Maria
- 37. Keynote/Invited Talks xxxiii Banatao Institute Professorial Chair in Artificial Intelligence. Dr. Rowel has been fascinated with intelligent robots since he graduated from the University of the Philip- pines. He received his M.Eng. from the National University of Singapore for his work on an AI-enhanced four-legged robot. He finished his Ph.D. at The Australian National University for his contribution on the field of active gaze tracking for human- robot interaction. Dr. Rowel’s current research work focuses on AI, computer vision, speechandlanguage.Hedreamsofbuildingusefulmachinesthatcanperceive,under- stand and reason. To help make his dreams become real, Rowel has been supported by grants from the Department of Science and Technology (DOST), Samsung Research Philippines and Commission on Higher Education-Philippine California Advanced Research Institutes (CHED-PCARI). Building Efficient Deep Neural Networks Abstract. For untethered machines like mobile robots that rely on their own source of power, efficient execution of tasks is crucial in increasing their overall useful- ness. Although deep learning has been pervasive in autonomous systems, there is a lack of complete understanding of how and where to extract efficiency in the design and deployment of models. In this talk, we examine design philosophies, algorithmic implementations, number representations, operator fusion and model packaging formats as mechanisms for achieving efficient deep learning models. We quantify the contribution of each optimization procedure to the overall goal of efficiency. Keynote 5 Dr. Sunil Vadera Professor of Computer Science, University of Salford, UK
- 38. xxxiv Keynote/Invited Talks Dr. Sunil Vadera is a Professor of Computer Science at the University of Salford. He is a Fellow of the British Computer Society, a Chartered Engineer (CEng) and Chartered IT Professional (CITP). He has held many leadership roles including as Dean of the School of Computing, Science and Engineering, Head of Computer Science, Associate Dean of Research and Director of Informatics Research Institute. He was Chair and Vice Chair of British Computer Society (BCS) Accreditations Committee from 2007 to 2010 which has responsibility for accreditation of the UK degrees in Computing. Dr. Vadera was awarded the UK BDO best Indian Scientist and Engineer in2014andtheAmityResearchAwardfor AI andNeural Networks in2018. Dr. Vadera gained a first class B.Sc. (Hons) in Computer Science and Mathe- matics from the University of Salford in 1982, receiving three best student prizes. He holds a Ph.D. from the University of Manchester in the area of Formal Methods of Software Development which was awarded in 1992. Following graduation, he began his career as a Research Assistant and progressed to a Lectureship in Computer Science in 1984. He was promoted to a Senior Lecturer in 1997 and to a Chair in Computer Science in 2000. Dr. Vadera has served as an external examiner for several institutions including Loughborough University, Liverpool University, Leeds Metropolitan University, Northumbria University, London Southbank University and Middlesex University. He has also carried out reviews of Computer Science departments in Universities in Jordan, Algeria, China, India and Sri Lanka. Methods for Pruning Deep Neural Networks Abstract. Convolutional neural networks, that can take images as input, learn to identify key features and perform classification which are the heart of many of the proposedapplicationsinmedicaldiagnosissuchasdetectingbreastcancer,predicting Alzheimer’s disease and grading brain tumors. These neural networks can, however, be very large, taking up memory and requiring significant computational resources. This talk presents a walk-through of research on methods for pruning deep neural networks.Itbeginsbycategorizingover150studiesbasedontheunderlyingapproach usedandthenfocusesonthreecategories:methodsthatusemagnitude-basedpruning, methods that utilize clustering to identify redundancy and methods that use sensi- tivity analysis to assess the effect of pruning. Some of the key influencing studies within these categories are presented to highlight the underlying approaches and results achieved. Most studies present results which are distributed in the litera- ture as new architectures, algorithms and data sets that have developed with time, making comparison across different studies difficult. The paper therefore provides a resourceforthecommunitythatcanbeusedtoquicklycomparetheresultsfrommany different methods on a variety of data sets, and a range of architectures, including AlexNet, ResNet, DenseNet and VGG. The resource is illustrated by comparing the
- 39. Keynote/Invited Talks xxxv results published for pruning AlexNet and ResNet50 on ImageNet and ResNet56 and VGG16 on the CIFAR10 data to reveal which pruning methods work well in terms of retaining accuracy while achieving good compression rates. The presentation concludes by identifying some research gaps and promising directions for future research. Keynote 6 Prof. Afaq Ahmad Professor, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Sultan Qaboos University, Sultanate of Oman Dr. Afaq Ahmad is a Professor at the Electrical and Computer Engineering department, Sultan Qaboos University, Oman. From 1980 until 1992, he was with the College of Engineering, Aligarh Muslim University, India. He received his Ph.D. in Computer Engineering in 1990 from Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, India. He also earned his M.Sc. and B.Sc. degrees in Electrical, Electronics and Communication Engineering and a post-graduate diploma in industrial management. Ahmad, a recipient of various scholarships, award and recognitions, has authored more than 200 scientific papers, books, book chapters, numerous technical reports and manuals. He received best scientific paper awards. He serves as editor, associate editor, member of international advisory boards and reviewer for many worlds’ reputed journals. He is honored to serve as program chairs, technical chairs and tutorial chairs for many international conferences. He chaired many technical sessions, meetings and panel discussions of international conferences, symposia and meetings. He conducted many workshops and short courses. He has delivered many invited talks and keynote addresses on current issues in various areas of importance. His research interests include VLSI testing, Fault-Tolerant Computing,
- 40. xxxvi Keynote/Invited Talks data coding and security, Mathematical Morphology and education. He has over 40 years of professional experience with universities and industries. He has credit for developing and assessing the curricula and programs for educational institutions. He is Fellow member of IETE, senior member of IEEE, life member of SSI, senior member of IACSIT, and member of IAENG and ISIAM societies. Bit Swapped Test Technique with Statistical Signal Properties for EVS Applications Abstract. The intent of this talk is to introduce the idea of a new scheme devised to reduce test power, with employment of a low-transition test pattern generator. Various techniques have been proposed to reduce the test power such as Bit Insertion and Bit swapping. In the proposed scheme, the Bit Swapping technique is integrated with pseudorandom signal analyzer to make further reduction in the test power. A hardware complexity estimation for testing Embedded Vision Systems (EVS) will also be discussed. Keynote 7 Dr. Alex Casson Associate Professor, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Manchester, Manchester, England, United Kingdom Dr. Alex Casson is a Reader in the Materials, Devices and Systems division of the Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering at the University of Manchester; Visiting Reader in the School of Medicine at the University of Leeds; Bioelectronics technology platform lead for the EPSRC Henry Royce Institute for advanced materials; and a Fellow of the Alan Turing Institute for data science and artificial intelligence.
- 41. Keynote/Invited Talks xxxvii His research focuses on non-invasive bioelectronic interfaces: the design and application of wearable sensors, and skin-conformal flexible sensors, for human body monitoring and data analysis from highly artifact-prone naturalistic situa- tions. This work is highly multi-disciplinary, and he has research expertise in Ultra low power microelectronic circuit design at the discrete and fully custom microchip levels; Sensor signal processing and machine learning for power and time-constrained motion artifact-rich environments; and Manufacturing using 3D printing, screen printing and inkjet printing. He has particular interests in closed loop systems: those which are tailored to the individual by personalized manufac- turing via printing; and tailored to the individual by adjusting non-invasive stim- ulation (light, sound, electrical current) using data-driven responses/outputs from real-time signal processing. Dr. Casson’s ultra low power sensors work is mainly for health and wellness applications, with a strong background in brain interfacing (EEG and transcranial current stimulation) and heart monitoring. Applications focus on both mental health situations including chronic pain, sleep disorders and autism, and physical health/rehabilitation applications including diabetic foot ulceration and chronic kidney disease. Dr. Casson gained his undergraduate degree from the University of Oxford in 2006 where he read Engineering Science specializing in Electronic Engineering (M.Eng.). He completed his Ph.D. from Imperial College London in 2010, winning the prize for best doctoral thesis in electrical and electronic engineering. Dr. Casson worked as a research associate and research fellow at Imperial College until 2013 when he joined the faculty at the University of Manchester. He is an ambassador for the Manchester Integrating Medicine and Innovative Technology (MIMIT) scheme for systematically connecting clinicians and engineers to address unmet clinical needs. Dr. Casson is currently a Senior Member of the IEEE, Fellow of the Higher Education Academy and chair of the Institution of Engineering and Technology’s healthcare technologies network. Edge Signal Processing for Wearables: In-wearable Processing and Energy Harvesting Abstract. Wearable devices are having a profound impact on health and social care delivery,withremoteout-of-the-clinicmeasurementofphysiologicalparametersnow possible. This is leading to a new era of personalized medicine as longitudinal data can be collected about each person, and “Big Data” medicine as data and insights can be easily collected from a large population. Nevertheless, current wearables have a number of limitations, from the quality of the data collected to limited battery life, to questions on the privacy considerations of the data collected. Signal processing at the edge, that is, operating on the wearable device itself, is an important part of next generation wearables which aim to overcome these issues. This presentation will explore technologies being created at the University of Manchester for next genera- tion wearables, focusing on signal processing and Big Data analyses. It will give an example of how multi-modal wearables can provide data fusion for improving data
- 42. xxxviii Keynote/Invited Talks quality, and edge machine learning for human activity recognition. It will conclude by discussing energy harvesting and the potential for future self-powered wearable devices using insights obtained from the UK Biobank wearable data collected from 67,000 participants. Keynote 8 Dr. Ahmed Abdelgawad College of Science and Engineering, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, USA Dr. Ahmed Abdelgawad received his M.S. and a Ph.D. degree in Computer Engi- neering from University of Louisiana at Lafayette in 2007 and 2011 and subse- quently joined IBM as a Design Aids and Automation Engineering Professional at Semiconductor Research and Development Center. In Fall 2012, he joined Central Michigan University as a Computer Engineering Assistant Professor. In Fall 2017, Dr. Abdelgawad was early promoted as a Computer Engineering Associate Professor. He is a senior member of IEEE. His area of expertise is distributed computing for Wireless Sensor Network (WSN), Internet of Things (IoT), Structural Health Moni- toring (SHM), data fusion techniques for WSN, low power embedded system, video processing, digital signal processing, Robotics, RFID, Localization, VLSI and FPGA design. He has published two books and more than 88 articles in related journals and conferences. Dr. Abdelgawad served as a reviewer for several conferences and jour- nals, including IEEE WF-IoT, IEEE ISCAS, IEEE SAS, IEEE IoT Journal, IEEE Communications Magazine, Springer, Elsevier, IEEE Transactions on VLSI, and IEEE Transactions on I&M. He served on the technical committees of IEEE ISCAS 2007/8 and IEEE ICIP 2009 conferences. He served on the administration committee of IEEE SiPS 2011. He also served on the organizing committee of ICECS2013 and 2015. Dr. Abdelgawad was the publicity chair in North America of the IEEE WF-IoT 2016/18/19 conferences. He was the finance chair of the IEEE ICASSP 2017. He
- 43. Keynote/Invited Talks xxxix is the TPC Co-Chair of I3C’17, the TPC Co-Chair of GIoTS 2017 and the tech- nical program chair of IEEE MWSCAS 2018. He is the technical program chair of IEEE WF-IoT 2020. He delivered many tutorials at international conferences including IEEE SOCC, IEEE MWSCAS, IEEE SiPS and APCCAS. In addition, he taught many short IoT courses in different countries. He was the keynote speaker for many international conferences and conducted many webinars. He is currently the IEEE Northeast Michigan section chair and IEEE SPS Internet of Things (IoT) SIG Member. In addition, Dr. Abdelgawad served as a PI and Co-PI for several funded grants from NSF. Using Internet of Things (IoT) to Fight Covid-19 Abstract. The Internet of Things (IoT) has opened up a world of opportunities and numerous applications in health care, from smart sensors to remote monitoring and smart medical devices integration that can collect invaluable additional data. IoT has the potential to not only keep patients safe and healthy but also give extra insight into symptoms, improve how physicians deliver care, enable remote care and generally give patients more control over their treatment. IoT is one of the latest technologies that will change our lifestyle in the coming years. This talk aims to give a comprehensive introduction to IoT and how to use IoT to fight Covid-19. Keynote 9 Dr. Jeff Grover Research Scientist, Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Massachusetts, USA Dr. Jeff Grover is a Research Scientist in the EQuS Group and PI in the Center for Quantum Engineering, both at MIT. He focuses on software infrastructure and
- 44. xl Keynote/Invited Talks building extensible calibration, control and metrology protocols for multi-qubit systems. Prior to joining EQuS, he spent 5 years in industry—first as a Senior Data Scientist at Athenahealth applying machine learning to health care and later as a Senior Physicist at Northrop Grumman working on quantum annealing. Dr. Grover received his Ph.D. in Physics from the Joint Quantum Institute at the University of Maryland in 2015. He graduated from Amherst College in 2009, majoring in Physics and Mathematics. Waveguide QED with Artificial Atoms Abstract. The strong-coupling regime of atom-photon interactions, in which a single atom and single photon can coherently exchange an excitation, is a common target for quantum optics and quantum information platforms. This is now readily achieved in cavity Quantum Electrodynamics (QED) by confining real or artificial atoms within the modes of cavities. There is a complementary paradigm, dubbed waveguide QED, where instead atoms couple to itinerant photons propagating in waveguides. The small mode volume of the waveguide can enable the strong-coupling regime even without cavity enhancement. In this talk, we discuss waveguide QED experiments with superconducting artificial atoms coupled to microwave coplanar waveguides, in which we realize substantial atom-photon coupling. This allows us to engineer so-called “giant atoms” that break the dipole approximation, and to deterministically emit single photons into a chosen direction. This architecture is a potential building block for remote entanglement or quantum communication protocols. Keynote 10 Professor David Bruton, Jr. Centennial University Distinguished Teaching Professor, Director, Texas Robotics, Associate Chair, Department of Computer Science, The University of Texas, USA
- 45. Keynote/Invited Talks xli Dr. Peter Stone is the David Bruton, Jr. Centennial Professor and Associate Chair of Computer Science, as well as Director of Texas Robotics, at the University of Texas at Austin. He received his Ph.D. in 1998 and his M.S. in 1995 from Carnegie Mellon University, both in Computer Science. He received his B.S. in Mathematics from the University of Chicago in 1993. From 1999 to 2002, he was a Senior Technical Staff Member in the Artificial Intelligence Principles Research Department at AT&T Labs—Research. Professor Stone’s research interests in Artificial Intelligence include planning, machine learning, multiagent systems and robotics. Application domains include robot soccer, autonomous traffic management and human-interactive robots. His doctoral thesis research contributed a flexible multiagent team structure and multi- agent machine learning techniques for teams operating in real-time noisy environ- ments in the presence of both teammates and adversaries. He has developed teams of robot soccer agents that have won fifteen robot soccer tournaments (RoboCup) in both simulation and with real robots. He has also developed agents that have won ten auction trading agent competitions (TAC). Professor Stone is the author of “Layered Learning in Multiagent Systems: A Winning Approach to Robotic Soccer” (MIT Press, 2000) as well as a co-author of “Autonomous Bidding Agents: Strategies and Lessons from the Trading Agent Competition” (MIT Press, 2007). Professor Stone is an Alfred P. Sloan Research Fellow, Guggenheim Fellow, AAAI Fellow, IEEE Fellow, AAAS Fellow, ACM Fellow, Fulbright Scholar and 2004 ONR Young Investigator. In 2013, he was awarded the University of Texas System Regents’ Outstanding Teaching Award and in 2014 he was inducted into the UT Austin Academy of Distinguished Teachers, earning him the title of University Distinguished Teaching Professor. In 2003, he won an NSF CAREER award for his proposed long-term research on learning agents in dynamic, collaborative and adver- sarial multiagent environments, in 2007 he received the prestigious IJCAI Computers and Thought Award, given biannually to the top AI researcher under the age of 35, and in 2016 he was awarded the ACM/SIGAI Autonomous Agents Research Award. Professor Stone co-founded Cogitai, Inc., a start-up company focused on continual learning, in 2015, and served as President and COO until 2019. He is currently Executive Director of Sony AI America. Machine Learning for Robot Locomotion: Grounded Simulation Learning and Adaptive Planner Parameter Learning Abstract. Robust locomotion is one of the most fundamental requirements for autonomous mobile robots. With the widespread deployment of robots in factories, warehouses and homes, it is tempting to think that locomotion is a solved problem. However, for certain robot morphologies (e.g. humanoids) and environmental conditions (e.g. narrow passages), significant challenges remain.
- 46. xlii Keynote/Invited Talks This talk begins by introducing Grounded Simulation Learning as a way to bridge the so-called reality gap between simulators and the real world in order to enable transfer learning from simulation to a real robot (sim-to-real). It then introduces Adaptive Planner Parameter Learning as a way of leveraging human input (learning from demonstration) toward making existing robot motion planners more robust, without losing their safety properties. Grounded Simulation Learning has led to the fastest known stable walk on a widely used humanoid robot, and Adaptive Planner Parameter Learning has led to efficient learning of robust navigation policies in highly constrained spaces. Keynote 11 Professor Peter Han Joo Chong School of Engineering, Computer and Mathematical Sciences, Faculty of Design and Creative Technologies, Auckland University of Technology Professor Peter Han Joo Chong is the Associate Head of School (Research) at the School of Engineering, Computer and Mathematical Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, New Zealand. Between 2016 and 2021, he was the Head of Depart- ment of Electrical and Electronic Engineering at AUT. He received his B.Eng. (with distinction) in Electrical Engineering from the Technical University of Nova Scotia, Canada, in 1993, and the M.A.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees in Electrical and Computer Engineering from the University of British Columbia, Canada, in 1996 and 2000, respectively. He has visited Tohoku University, Japan, as a Visiting Scientist in 2010 and Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK), Hong Kong, between 2011 and 2012. He is currently an Adjunct Professor at the Department of Information Engi- neering, CUHK. He is a Fellow of the Institution of Engineering and Technology (FIET), UK.
- 47. Keynote/Invited Talks xliii Before joining AUT in 2016, Prof. Chong was an Associate Professor (tenured) from July 2009 to April 2016 and Assistant Professor from May 2002 to June 2009 at the School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technolog- ical University (NTU), Singapore. Between 2011 and 2013, he was the Assistant Head of Division of Communication Engineering. Between 2013 and 2016, he was the Director of Infinitus, Centre for Infocomm Technology. He was the recipient of “EEE Teaching Excellence Award” and “Nanyang Award Excellence in Teaching” in 2010, and “Nanyang Education Award (College)” in 2015. In 2015, he became a Fellow of the Teaching Excellence Academy in NTU. From February 2001 to May 2002, he was with the Radio Communications Laboratory at Nokia Research Center, Finland. Between July 2000 and January 2001, he worked in the Advanced Networks Division at Agilent Technologies Canada Inc., Canada. He co-founded P2 Wireless Technology in Hong Kong in 2009 and Zyetric Technologies in Hong Kong, New Zealand and the US in 2017. His current research projects focus on machine learning techniques applied to software-defined vehicular networks. He has been developing techniques of deep reinforcement learning (DRL)-based resource management for future 5G-V2X networks. His research interests are in the areas of wireless/mobile communication systems including radio resource management, multiple access, MANETs/VANETs, green radio networks and 5G-V2X networks. He has published over 200 journal and conference papers, 1 edited book and 9 book chapters in the relevant areas. MAC Layer Protocols in Vehicular Networks: State of the Art and Future Directions Abstract. Traffic density around the globe is increasing on a day-to-day basis, resulting in more accidents, congestion and pollution. Timely delivery of safety and non-safety messages is necessary for traffic congestion control and for avoiding road mishaps. For efficient resource sharing and optimized channel utilization, the media access control (MAC) protocol plays a vital role. This talk gives a review of the applications, characteristics and challenges faced in the design of MAC protocols. A classification of the MAC protocol is presented based oncontentionmechanismsandchannelaccess.Theclassificationbasedoncontention is oriented as contention-based, contention-free and hybrid, whereas the classifi- cation based on channel access is categorized as distributed, centralized, cluster- based, cooperative, token-based and random access. An analysis of the objectives, mechanisms, advantages/disadvantages and simulators used in specified protocols is presented. In the end, the conclusion with a discussion on the future scope and open challenges for improving the MAC protocol design will be given.
- 48. xliv Keynote/Invited Talks Keynote 12 Dr. Hien Quoc Ngo Institute of Electronics, Communications and Information Technology (ECIT), Queen’s University Belfast, UK. Dr. Hien Quoc Ngo is currently a Reader (Associate Professor) at Queen’s University Belfast, and a UKRI Future Leaders Fellow. My specific research inter- ests include massive (large-scale) MIMO, cell-free massive MIMO and cooperative communications. I have received three prestigious prizes: the IEEE ComSoc Stephen O. Rice Prize in 2015, the IEEE ComSoc Leonard G. Abraham Prize in 2017 and the Best Ph.D. award in 2018 by the European Association for Signal Processing (EURASIP). Professional Activities: Editor of IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communica- tions, Editor of IEEE Wireless Communications Letters, Editor of Elsevier Phys- ical Communication (PHYCOM), Executive Editor of Transactions on Emerging Telecom. Technologies (Wiley), Editor of Digital Signal Processing, Editor of IEICETransactionsonFundamentalsofElectronics,CommunicationsandComputer Sciences, Editor of REV Journal on Electronics and Communications, Guest Editor of IET Communications, special issue on “Recent Advances on 5G Communica- tions”, 2017, Guest Editor of IEEE Access, special issue on “Modelling, Anal- ysis, and Design of 5G Ultra-Dense Networks”, 2017, Technical Program Chair of the International Conference on Recent Advances in Signal Processing, Telecom- munications and Computing (Jan. 2018), Technical Program Committee (TPC): IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC); Interna- tional Conference on Wireless Communications and Signal Processing (WCS); The International Conference on Advanced Technologies for Communications (ATC); The International Symposium on Wireless Communication Systems (ISWCS); IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC); The International Confer- ence on Coastal Engineering (ICCE); The Global Communications Conference (GLOBECOM); The Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC).
- 49. Keynote/Invited Talks xlv Cell-Free Massive MIMO for 6G: Fundamentals, Myths, and Challenges Abstract. Cell-free massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) is a system where many (hundreds or thousands) access points or base stations coherently serve many (tens or hundreds) users. Different from the current cellular (mobile) networks where the coverage area is divided into cells, in cell-free massive MIMO, there are no cells or cell boundaries. Cell-free massive MIMO is expected to overcome the boundary effect—the inherent limitation of the current cellular networks which persists over the last 50 years. It is expected to ensure everything and everywhere get connected, and, hence, fulfills the key requirements of next generation wireless communication systems (beyond 5G and toward 6G). In this talk, we first provide some basics of cell-free massive MIMO systems. We then discuss some key myths and explain why they are not true. Finally, we conclude with a range of important topics and future directions. Keynote 13 Prof. Yury Shestopalov University of Gävle, Gävle Sweden Professor Yury Shestopalov received his M.Sc. in applied mathematics in 1975 and Ph.D. and Doctor of Science degrees in mathematics and physics in 1978 and 1988, respectively, from Moscow State University. In 1989, he was a post-doc at Royal Institute of Technology and Stockholm University, Sweden. In 1978–2000, he was assistant, associate and full professor and department head at the Faculty of Computational Mathematics and Cybernetics at Kolmogorov School of Moscow State University. Since 2000, he is docent and since 2008 professor in applied mathematics at Karlstad University and since 2013 at University of Gävle. Professor Shestopalov has been active in several scientific fields, such as math- ematical methods for electromagnetics, partial differential and integral equations,
- 50. xlvi Keynote/Invited Talks numerical methods, inverse problems, nonlinear analysis and various applications in electromagnetic field theory connected with wave scattering, diffraction and prop- agation in linear and nonlinear media, investigations of materials, optics, contact mechanics, solution to large-scale problems with uncertain data and supercom- puter technologies. Among his scientific interests are studies in didactics of applied mathematics. He is currently professor at University of Gävle. On a Mathematical Theory of Resonance Scattering and Partial Invisibility Abstract. We consider an introduction to the mathematical theory of resonance scattering, cloaking and invisibility. The developed theoretical and numerical tech- niques end up with explicit formulas that enable one to calculate resonance and cloakingparametersforawidefamilyoflayeredcylindricalstructureshavingcircular symmetry, like a homogeneous dielectric rod or Goubau line. Keynote 14 Prof. Kazuya Kobayashi Department of Electrical, Electronic, and Communication Engineering, Chuo University, Japan Professor Kazuya Kobayashi received his B.S., M.S. and Ph.D. degrees, all in electrical engineering, from Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan, in 1977, 1979 and 1982, respectively. In 1982, he joined the Department of Electrical, Electronic, and Communication Engineering, Chuo University, Tokyo, Japan, where he has been Professor since 1995. He held central management positions at Chuo University including Vice President (2006–2008), Director of International Center (2003–2006) and Secretary to President (2001–2003). Dr. Kobayashi held Visiting Professor and
- 51. Keynote/Invited Talks xlvii Visiting Scientist positions at various institutions including Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia (2014, 2016, 2017, 2019); Karpenko Physico-Mechanical Insti- tute of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Lviv, Ukraine (2001, 2018); Physical Research Laboratory, Ahmedabad, India (2015); Institute of Radiophysics and Electronics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkov, Ukraine (2001); University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA (1987–1988). He has been Adjunct Professor at The Electromagnetics Academy at Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China (since 2004), and Honorary Professor, Amity Univer- sity, Noida, India (since 2019). Dr. Kobayashi received a number of distinguished awards including The President’s Award (2020) from URSI (International Union of Radio Science) for his leadership and untiring efforts in initiating, organizing and establishing AP-RASC as one of the URSI Flagship Meetings; The Governor’s Award (2018) from Toyama Prefectural Government, Japan, for outstanding contri- bution to the promotion of tourism in Toyama Prefecture and raising international recognition through the holding of large-scale international conferences; JNTO Best International Convention Award (2016, 2018) from Japan National Tourism Organi- zation (JNTO), The Government of Japan for outstanding contribution to the invi- tation of large-scale international congresses to Japan; M. A. Khizhnyak Award (2016) at “16th International Conference on Mathematical Methods in Electro- magnetic Theory” (MMET*2016) for contribution to electromagnetic theory. Dr. Kobayashi is a Member of Science Council of Japan, a Fellow of The Electromag- netics Academy and a Fellow of URSI (International Union of Radio Science). He also serves as MICE Ambassador, JNTO since 2016. He has held various important positions in the international radio science and electromagnetics/optics communities including Vice-President of URSI (since 2021); Vice-Chair (2014–2017) and Chair (2017–2021) of URSI Commission B; URSI Assistant Secretary-General AP-RASC (since 2015); President (2008–2018) and Vice-President (since 2021) of the Japan National Committee of URSI; Chair of the PIERS Awards Committee, The Electro- magnetics Academy (since 2018); Series Editor of the book series “Springer Series in Optical Sciences”, Springer Nature (since 2020); Editor of the journal “Radio Science” (since 2019). Dr. Kobayashi has contributed significantly to organization of numerous international conferences including PIERS (Photonics and Electro- magnetics Research Symposium) and URSI conferences as General Chair, General Co-Chair and Chair/Co-Chair of the Technical Program Committee. He is currently involved in organizing “XXXV URSI General Assembly and Scientific Symposium” (URSI GASS 2023; August 2023, Sapporo, Japan) as General Chair and Associate Scientific Program Coordinator. His research interests are in the areas including analytical regularization methods; Wiener-Hopf methods; high-frequency methods; electromagnetic theory; canonical problems; scattering and diffraction; radar cross section.
- 52. xlviii Keynote/Invited Talks Radar Cross Section Analysis of a Finite Parallel-Plate Waveguide with Material Loading: A Rigorous Wiener-Hopf Approach Abstract. The analysis of electromagnetic scattering by open-ended metallic waveg- uide cavities is an important subject in the prediction and reduction of the radar cross section (RCS) of a target. This problem serves as a simple model of duct structures such as jet engine intakes of aircraft and cracks occurring on surfaces of general complicated bodies. Some of the diffraction problems involving two- and three-dimensional cavities have been analyzed thus far based on high-frequency tech- niques and numerical methods. It appears, however, that the solutions due to these approaches are not uniformly valid for arbitrary dimensions of the cavity. Therefore, it is desirable to overcome the drawbacks of the previous works to obtain solu- tions which are uniformly valid in arbitrary cavity dimensions. The Wiener-Hopf technique is known as a powerful, rigorous approach for analyzing scattering and diffraction problems involving canonical geometries. In this talk, we shall consider a finite parallel-plate waveguide with four-layer material loading as a geometry that can form cavities, and analyze the plane wave diffraction rigorously using the Wiener- Hopf technique. Both E and H polarizations are considered. Introducing the Fourier transform of the scattered field and applying boundary conditions in the transform domain, the problem is formulated in terms of the simultaneous Wiener-Hopf equa- tions. The Wiener-Hopf equations are solved via the factorization and decomposition procedure leading to an exact solution. However, this solution is formal since infi- nite series with unknown coefficients and infinite branch-cut integrals with unknown integrands are involved. For the infinite series with unknown coefficients, we shall derive approximate expressions by taking into account the edge condition. For the branch-cut integrals with unknown integrands, we assume that the waveguide length is large compared with the wavelength and apply a rigorous asymptotics. This proce- dure yields high-frequency asymptotic expressions of the branch-cut integrals. Based on these results, an approximate solution of the Wiener-Hopf equations, efficient for numerical computation, is explicitly derived, which involves a numerical solution of appropriate matrix equations. The scattered field in the real space is evaluated by taking the inverse Fourier transform and applying the saddle point method. Repre- sentative numerical examples of the RCS are shown for various physical parameters, and the far field scattering characteristics of the waveguide are discussed in detail. The results presented here are valid over a broad frequency range and can be used as a reference solution for validating other analysis methods such as high-frequency techniques and numerical methods.
- 53. Keynote/Invited Talks xlix Keynote 15 Dr. C. J. Reddy Vice President of Business Development-Electromagnetics, Americas Altair Engi- neering, Inc, USA Dr. C. J. Reddy is the Vice President, Business Development Electromagnetics for Americas at Altair Engineering, Inc. (www.altair.com). Dr. Reddy was a research fellow at the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) of Canada during 1991–1993 and was awarded the US National Research Council (NRC) Resident Research Associateship in 1993 to work at NASA Langley Research Center in Hampton, Virginia. While conducting research at NASA Langley, he devel- oped various computational codes for electromagnetics and received a Certificate of RecognitionfromNASAfordevelopmentofahybridFiniteElementMethod/Method of Moments/Geometrical Theory of Diffraction code for cavity backed aperture antenna analysis. Dr. Reddy is a Fellow of IEEE, Fellow of Applied Computational Electromagnetics Society (ACES) and a Fellow of Antenna Measurement Tech- niques Association (AMTA). Dr. Reddy served on ACES Board of Directors from 2006 to 2012 and again from 2015 to 2018. Dr. Reddy was awarded Distinguished Alumni Professional Achievement Award by his alma mater, National Institute of Technology (NIT), Warangal, India, in 2015. He published 37 journal papers, 77 conference papers and 18 NASA Technical Reports to date. Dr. Reddy is a co-author of the book, “Antenna Analysis and Design Using FEKO Electromagnetic Simula- tion Software”, published in June 2014 by SciTech Publishing (now part of IET). Dr. Reddy was the General Chair of ACES 2011 Conference held in Williamsburg, VA, during March 27–31, 2011, and also ACES 2013 conference, Monterey, CA (March 24-28, 2013), as well as the General Chair of ACES 2015 conference held in Williamsburg, Virginia, during March 22-26, 2015. He was the Co-General Chair of 2014 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation and USNC-URSI Radio Science Meeting held during July 6-11, 2014, in Memphis, TN. Dr. Reddy
- 54. l Keynote/Invited Talks was the General Chair for AMTA 2018 conference held in Williamsburg, Virginia, during November 3-8, 2018. Dr. Reddy is elected as a member of AMTA Board of Directors for a three-year term starting January 2020 and will be the Technical Coordinator for AMTA 2020 Conference. Dr. Reddy is also serving as an Associated Editor for the newly introduced, IEEE Open Journal of Antennas of Propagation. Pushing the Boundaries of Computational Electromagnetics—Application to Antenna Designs and Placement of Antennas Abstract. Advances in computational electromagnetic tools have made possible antenna design and integration of antennas on various ground, sea, air and space platforms. Now numerical simulations can be performed to evaluate the effects of antenna design, placement, radiation hazard, EMC/EMI, etc. for wide-ranging industry applications. Numerical approaches that include full-wave techniques such as Method of Moments (MoM), Multilevel Fast Multipole Method (MLFMM) and asymptotic techniques such as Physical Optics (PO) and Uniform Theory of Diffrac- tion (UTD) are being utilized to solve many challenging problems that were not possible in the past. For many practical applications, sometimes it is necessary to study the electromagnetic behavior of a specific structure over a broad frequency band. In this talk, an overview of various advanced numerical techniques that are useful for antenna designs and placement studies will be presented. Keynote 16 Dr. Mehmet Emir Koksal Ondokuz Mayis University, Turkey
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- 59. The Project Gutenberg eBook of Great Poems of the World War
- 60. This ebook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this ebook or online at www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you will have to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this eBook. Title: Great Poems of the World War Author: William Dunseath Eaton Release date: April 10, 2018 [eBook #56956] Most recently updated: January 24, 2021 Language: English Credits: Produced by Brian Coe, Chuck Greif and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images generously made available by The Internet Archive/American Libraries.) *** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK GREAT POEMS OF THE WORLD WAR ***
- 61. GREAT POEMS OF THE WORLD WAR Contents Index of First Lines BETWEEN the hedges of the centuries A thousand phantom armies go and come, While Reason whispers as each marches past, “This is the last of wars—this is the last!” —Lieut. Gilbert Waterhouse. GREAT POEMS OF THE WORLD WAR Edited, With Introduction, Notes and Original Matter, By W. D. EATON
- 62. CHICAGO T. S. DENISON & COMPANY PUBLISHERS COPYRIGHT, 1918 By EBEN H. NORRIS under title “The War in Verse and Prose” Copyright, 1922, by T. S. Denison & Company “Great Poems of the World War”
- 63. PREFACE N a fateful day in 1914, without a warning flash or tremor, there fell upon the world such a blast of war as human reason could not have foreglimpsed, nor Apocalyptic vision raised, to appall the souls of men. Twenty-seven nations took the shock and were rocked to their foundations. Eleven were caught and knotted in the maddest agony of conflict that ever was known. Through four years the winds of destruction swirled and roared around the monstrous welter, before the evil forces failed and their exhaustion brought a breathing space such as lies at the heart of a typhoon. Around the widening edges of that space they still muttered for a while in gusts of blood and fire, slowly receding, slowly dying. But the great storm is gone; the long night that seemed the night of doom is over. Its epic has not been written. The time is too near us, the motive too deep, the theme too vast. But out of the dark came many voices, voices of lamentation, of home and love and hope and heroism and loftiest ideality, of romance, of strange comedy. These had their inspiration from a gigantic spectacle of elemental passions in cross- play, from the thoughts and emotions not of a single people, but of all that were fighting for the life and light of civilization. Poets great and poets minor followed the war
- 64. or fought in it, and expressed its spirit with a personal, passionate fidelity impossible to historians. It would not be well were all these voices lost. Many are worth fixation where they may be heard again at will, and that is the reason for and purpose of this book. The finest and truest of them are given here. In making selection, availability for recitation has been considered. There is no better way to stir the mind or fix the memory than by spoken words of beauty in rhythmic cadence, especially in schools. It is hoped they will be effective in such uses. Readers will find in the captain notes many helpful sidelights upon topics and personalities. These will commend themselves for their own sake. W. D. Eaton. The Press Club, Chicago.
- 65. CONTENTS Abraham Lincoln Walks at Midnight Vachel Lindsay 144 Aceldama Dr. George F. Butler 117 Afterward Charles Hanson Towne 133 Alan Seeger Washington Van Dusen 14 Ambulance Driver’s Prayer, An Chaplain Thomas F. Coakley 74 American Creed, An Everard Jack Appleton 57 Anxious Anthemist, The Guy Forrester Lee 169 Anxious Dead, The Lieut. Col. John McCrae 109 April Song, An George C. Michael 189 Armed Liner, The H. Smalley Sarson 183 “As She Is Spoke” 113 As the Trucks Go Rollin’ By Lieut. L. W. Suckert 26 Australia’s Men Dorothea Mackellar 96 Battle Line, The J. B. Dollard 65 Battle of Belleau Wood Edgar A. Guest 29 Before Action Lieut. William Noel Hodgson 13 Blighty Lieut. Siegfried Sassoon, M. C. 121
- 66. Blue and the Gray in France George M. Mayo 41 Boy Next Door, The S. E. Kiser 172 British Army of 1914, The Alfred W. Pollard 119 Bullington C. Fox Smith 34 But a Short Time to Live Sergt. Leslie Coulson 103 Call, The Robert W. Service 106 Christ in Flanders L. W. 55 Clerk, The B. H. M. Hetherington 94 Columbia’s Prayer Thomas P. Bashaw 82 Corp’ral’s Chevrons 37 Cross and the Flag, The William Henry, Cardinal O’Connell 45 Crown, The Helen Combes 193 Crutches’ Tune, The Elizabeth R. Stoner 108 Destroyers “Klaxon” 84 Dirge, A Victor Perowne 90 Do Your All Edgar A. Guest 152 Drum, The Joseph Lee 67 Easter-Eggs Reginald Wright Kauffman 89 Edith Cavell McLandburgh Wilson 178
- 67. Epitaph for the Unknown Soldier Annette Kohn 202 Evening Star, The Harold Seton 81 Flag Everlasting A. G. Riddoch 40 Flag of the Free Francis T. Smith 153 Flag Speaks, The Walter E. Peck 105 Flag, The Edward A. Horton 173 Flemish Village, A H. A. 92 France Capt. Joseph Medill Patterson 93 French in the Trenches William J. Robinson 19 Gentlemen of Oxford, The Norah M. Holland 115 Going West Eleanor Jewett 123 Goldenrod, The “Anchusa” 129 Gold Star, The Edgar A. Guest 17 Graves of Gallipoli, The L. L. (A. N. Z. A. C.) 27 Great Adventure, The Major Kendall Banning 68 “Hearts Are Touching” 159 Here at Verdun Chester M. Wright 167 Homecoming, The Leroy Folge 192 Hymn of Freedom, A Mary Perry King 98
- 68. I Have a Rendezvous with Death Alan Seeger 99 In Flanders’ Fields Lieut. Col. John McCrae 101 In the Front-Line Desks Lieut. Elmer Franklin Powell 143 Jean Desprez Robert W. Service 146 John Doe—Buck Private Allan P. Thomson 127 Just Thinking Hudson Hawley 80 Kid Has Gone to the Colors William Herschell 23 Kings, The Hugh J. Hughes 145 Let There Be Light! Ruth Wright Kauffman 196 Litany Allene Gregory 20 Little Grimy-Fingered Girl, A Lee Wilson Dodd 43 Little Home Paper, The Charles Hanson Towne 15 Little Town in Senegal, A Will Thompson 42 Lonely Garden, The Edgar A. Guest 118 Lost Ones, The Francis Ledwidge 104 Magpies in Picardy “Tipcuca” 130 Man Behind, The Douglas Malloch 166 Marines, The Adolphe E. Smylie 73
- 69. Men of the Blood and Mire Daniel M. Henderson 160 Mike Dillon, Doughboy Lieut. John Pierre Roche 61 Morituri Te Salutant P. H. B. L. 120 Mules C. Fox Smith 187 Nazareth “L.” 47 Nineteen-Seventeen Susan Hooker Whitman 85 No Man’s Land Capt. James H. Knight- Adkin 16 Not Too Old to Fight T. C. Harbaugh 75 Not with Vain Tears Lieut. Rupert Brooke 102 November Eleventh Elizabeth Hanly 198 Old Gang on the Corner, The William Herschell 64 Old Jim Norman Shannon Hall 199 Old Top Sergeant, The Berton Braley 38 On His Own Adolphe E. Smylie 124 Our Soldier Dead Annette Kohn 195 Padre, The Capt. C. W. Blackall 36 Passing the Buck Sergt. Norman E. Nygaard 32 Pershing at the Tomb of Lafayette Amelia Josephine Burr 52 Pierrot Goes Charlotte Becker 49
- 70. Poilu Steuart M. Emery 95 “Poor Old Ship!” C. Fox Smith 30 Poppies Capt. John Mills Hanson 25 Present Battlefield, The Wright Field 197 Ragnarok Arthur Guiterman 21 Rain on Your Old Tin HatLieut. J. H. Wickersham 182 Refugees, The W. G. S. 162 Retinue, The Katharine Lee Bates 137 Return, The Theodore Howard Banks, Jr. 33 Ride in France, A “O. C. Platoon” 170 Rivers of France, The H. J. M. 79 Road to France, The Daniel M. Henderson 46 Runner McGee Edgar A. Guest 57 Scrap of Paper, A Herbert Kaufman 24 Service Flag, The J. E. Evans 158 Service Flag, The William Herschell 154 Ships that Sail in the Night Dysart McMullen 126 Silent Army, The Ian Adanac 86 Small Town Sport, A Damon Runyon 155 Soldiers of the Soil Everard Jack Appleton 44 Soldier, The Lieut. Rupert Brooke 102 Somewhere in France Le Roy C. Henderson 157
- 71. Somewhere in France, 1918 Almon Hensley 132 Song of the Air, The Gordon Alchin 190 Song of the Dead, The J. H. M. Abbott 161 Song of the Guns, The Herbert Kaufman 134 Song of the Winds Mary Lanier Magruder 163 Spires of Oxford, The Winifred M. Letts 114 Spring F. M. H. D. 123 Tanks O. C. A. Child 97 Telling the Bees G. E. R. 136 There Will Be Dreams Again Mabel Hillyer Eastman 171 They Shall Not Pass Alison Brown 125 They Shall Return J. Lewis Milligan 179 Three Hills Everard Owen 60 To Happier Days Mabel McElliott 111 To Serve Is to Gain Charles H. Mackintosh 179 To Somebody Harold Seton 69 “To the Irish Dead” Essex Evans 180 To the Writer of “Christ in Flanders” E. M. V. 69 Trains Lieut. John Pierre Roche 53 Two Viewpoints Amelia Josephine Burr 83 Victory! S. J. Duncan-Clark 191 Vision Dorothy Paul 181
- 72. Vive La France! Charlotte Holmes Crawford 139 War Col. William Lightfoot Visscher 70 War Horse, The Lieut. L. Fleming 174 War Rosary, The Nellie Hurst 185 Watchin’ Out for Subs U. A. L. 18 Wayside in France, A Adolphe E. Smylie 76 We’re Marchin’ with the Country Frank L. Stanton 151 “What Think Ye?” W. A. Briscoe 165 When Private Mugrums Parley Voos Pvt. Charles Divine 186 While Summers Pass Aline Michaelis 72 Widow, The Miss C. M. Mitchell 51 With the Same Pride Theodosia Garrison 116 Woes of a Rookie, The William L. Colestock 141 Your Lad, and My Lad Randall Parrish 112 GREAT POEMS OF THE WORLD WAR
- 73. BEFORE ACTION LIEUT. WILLIAM NOEL HODGSON Military Cross, Devon Regiment—Killed in Battle From “Verse and Prose in Peace and War.” John Murray, Publisher, London. Permission to reproduce in this book.
- 74. BY all the glories of the day, And the cool evening’s benison; By the last sunset touch that lay Upon the hills when day was done: By beauty lavishly outpoured, And blessings carelessly received, By all the days that I have lived, Make me a soldier, Lord. By all of human hopes and fears, By all the wonders poets sing, The laughter of unclouded years, And every sad and lovely thing: By the romantic ages stored With high endeavor that was his, By all his mad catastrophes, Make me a man, O Lord. I, that on my familiar hill Saw with uncomprehending eyes A hundred of Thy sunsets spill Their fresh and sanguine sacrifice, Ere the sun swings his noonday sword Must say good-bye to all of this: By all delights that I shall miss, Help me to die, O Lord.
- 75. ALAN SEEGER WASHINGTON VAN DUSEN in The Chicago Tribune NO beauty could escape his loving eyes, Not even ruthless war could hide from view The smiling fields where crimson poppies grew, Nor mar the sunset’s rose and purple dyes; He watched a vine-clad slope, with glad surprise To hear grapepickers sing, although they knew Just on the other side, the cannon threw Their deadly shells and woke the startled skies. But over all that made Champagne so fair, He saw the grandeur of the field of strife, Exulting in the cause that placed him there, He felt a calm, mid all the carnage rife, And faced the battle with a spirit rare, “For death may be more wonderful than life.”
- 76. THE NURSE in London Punch Reproduced by special permission of the Proprietors of “Punch” HERE in the long white ward I stand, Pausing a little breathless space, Touching a restless fevered hand, Murmuring comforts commonplace— Long enough pause to feel the cold Fingers of fear about my heart; Just for a moment, uncontrolled, All the pent tears of pity start. While here I strive, as best I may, Strangers’ long hours of pain to ease, Dumbly I question—Far away Lies my beloved even as these?
- 77. THE LITTLE HOME PAPER CHARLES HANSON TOWNE in The American Magazine Permission to reproduce in this book
- 78. THE little home paper comes to me, As badly printed as it can be; It’s ungrammatical, cheap, absurd— Yet, how I love each intimate word! For here am I in the teeming town, Where the sad, mad people rush up and down, And it’s good to get back to the old lost place, And gossip and smile for a little space. The weather is hot; the corn crop’s good; They’ve had a picnic in Sheldon’s Wood. And Aunt Maria was sick last week; Ike Morrison’s got a swollen cheek, And the Squire was hurt in a runaway— More shocked than bruised, I’m glad they say. Bert Wills—I used to play with him— Is working a farm with his Uncle Jim. The Red Cross ladies gave a tea, And raised quite a bit. Old Sol MacPhee Has sold his house on Lincoln Road— He couldn’t carry so big a load. The methodist minister’s had a call From a wealthy parish near St. Paul. And old Herb Sweet is married at last— He was forty-two. How the years rush past! But here’s an item that makes me see What a puzzling riddle life can be. “Ed Stokes,” it reads, “was killed in France When the Allies made their last advance.” Ed Stokes! That boy with the laughing eyes As blue as the early-summer skies! He wouldn’t have killed a fly—and yet, Without a murmur, without a regret,
- 79. He left the peace of our little place, And went away with a light in his face; For out in the world was a job to do, And he wouldn’t come home until it was through! Four thousand miles from our tiny town And its hardware store, this boy went down. Such a quiet lad, such a simple chap— But he’s put East Dunkirk on the map!
- 80. NO MAN’S LAND CAPT. JAMES H. KNIGHT-ADKIN in The Spectator
- 81. NO Man’s Land is an eerie sight At early dawn in the pale gray light. Never a house and never a hedge In No Man’s Land from edge to edge, And never a living soul walks there To taste the fresh of the morning air. Only some lumps of rotting clay, That were friends or foemen yesterday. What are the bounds of No Man’s Land? You can see them clearly on either hand, A mound of rag-bags gray in the sun, Or a furrow of brown where the earthworks run From the Eastern hills to the Western sea, Through field or forest, o’er river and lea; No man may pass them, but aim you well And Death rides across on the bullet or shell. But No Man’s Land is a goblin sight When patrols crawl over at dead o’ night; Boche or British, Belgian or French, You dice with death when you cross the trench. When the “rapid,” like fire-flies in the dark, Flits down the parapet spark by spark, And you drop for cover to keep your head With your face on the breast of the four months’ dead. The man who ranges in No Man’s Land Is dogged by the shadows on either hand When the star-shell’s flare, as it bursts o’erhead, Scares the great gray rats that feed on the dead, And the bursting bomb or the bayonet-snatch May answer the click of your safety-catch. For the lone patrol, with his life in his hand, Is hunting for blood in No Man’s Land.
- 83. THE GOLD STAR EDGAR A. GUEST Copyright, 1918, by Edgar A. Guest. Special permission to reproduce in this book. THE star upon their service flag has changed to gleaming gold; It speaks no more of hope and life, as once it did of old, But splendidly it glistens now for every eye to see And softly whispers: “Here lived one who died for liberty. “Here once he walked and played and laughed, here oft his smile was known; Within these walls today are kept the toys he used to own. Now I am he who marched away and I am he who fell; Of service once I spoke, but now of sacrifice I tell. “No richer home in all this land is there than this I grace, For here was cradled manhood fine; within this humble place A soldier for the truth was born, and here, beside the door, A mother sits and grieves for him who shall return no more. “Salute me, stranger, as you pass! I mark a soldier who Gave up the joys of living here, to dare and die for you! This is the home that once he knew, who fought for you and fell; This is a shrine of sacrifice, where faith and courage dwell.”
- 84. WATCHIN’ OUT FOR SUBS U. A. L. From Bert Leston Taylor’s column, “A Line o’ Type or Two,” in The Chicago Tribune BOSUN’s whistle piping, “Starboard watch is on” Sleepy army officer, waked at crack o’ dawn; In the forward crow’s nest, watchin’ out for subs; If they show a peeper, shoot the bloomin’ tubs. Ocean black and shiny, silly little moon; Transports fore and aft of us—daylight comin’ soon; Sleeping troopers sprawling on the deck below; Something in the water makes the spindrift glow. In the forward crow’s nest—ah! the day is here! Transports and destroyers looming far and near. Ours the great adventure—gone is old romance! Wake, ye new Crusaders! Look!—the shores of France!
- 85. FRENCH IN THE TRENCHES WILLIAM J. ROBINSON in The San Francisco Argonaut Permission to reproduce in this book
- 86. IHAVE a conversation book; I brought it out from home. It tells you the French for knife and fork and likewise brush and comb; It learns you how to ask the time, the names of all the stars, And how to order oysters and how to buy cigars. But there ain’t no stores to buy in; there ain’t no big hotels, When you spend your time in dugouts doing a wholesale trade in shells; It’s nice to know the proper talk for theatres and such, But when it comes to talking, why, it doesn’t help you much. There’s all them friendly kind o’ things you’d naturally say When you meet a feller casual like and pass the time o’ day. Them little things that breaks the ice and kind of clears the air. But when you use your French book, why, them things isn’t there. I met a chap the other day a-rootin’ in a trench. He didn’t know a word of ours, nor me a word of French; And how we ever managed, well, I cannot understand, But I never used my French book though I had it in my hand. I winked at him to start with; he grinned from ear to ear; An’ he says, “Bong jour, Sammy,” an’ I says “Souvenir”; He took my only cigarette, I took his thin cigar, Which set the ball a-rollin’, and so—well, there you are! I showed him next my wife and kids; he up and showed me his, Them funny little French kids with hair all in a frizz; “Annette,” he says, “Louise,” he says, and his tears begin to fall; We was comrades when we parted, though we’d hardly spoke at all. He’d have kissed me if I’d let him. We had never met before, And I’ve never seen the beggar since, for that’s the way of war; And though we scarcely spoke a word, I wonder just the same If he’ll ever see them kids of his—I never asked his name.
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