Advanced+qtp+open+order

For QTP RealTime scripts visit: www.ramupalanki.com

VBScript Tutorial
(For QTP)

1) Introduction

2) Comments

3) VB Script Variables

4) VB Script Data Types

5) VB Script Operators

6) Input/Output Operations

7) Constants

8) Conditional Statements

9) General Examples

10)Loop Through Code

11)Procedures

12)Built-In Functions

13)VBScript syntax rules and guidelines

14)Errors

15)File System Operations

16)Test Requirements

17) Solutions

18)QTP Add-Ins Information

19) VBScript Glossary

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Introduction

o VBScript is a scripting language.
o A scripting language is a lightweight programming language.
o VBScript is a light version of Microsoft's programming language Visual Basic.

When a VBScript is inserted into a HTML document, the Internet browser will read
the HTML and interpret the VBScript. The VBScript can be executed immediately, or
at a later event.

Microsoft Visual Basic Scripting Edition brings active scripting to a wide variety of
environments, including Web client scripting in Microsoft Internet Explorer and Web
server scripting in Microsoft Internet Information Service.

1.1 Windows Script Host (WSH)

It is a Windows administration tool. WSH creates an environment for hosting scripts.

That is, when a script arrives at your computer, WSH plays the part of the host — it
makes objects and services available for the script and provides a set of guidelines
within which the script is executed. Among other things, Windows Script Host
manages security and invokes the appropriate script engine

Windows Script Host is built into Microsoft Windows 98, 2000, and Millennium
Editions and higher versions.

A Windows script is a text file. We can create a script with any text editor as long as
we save our script with a WSH-compatible script extension (.js, vbs, or .wsf).
The most commonly available text editor is already installed on our computer —
Notepad. We can also use your favorite HTML editor, VbsEdit, Microsoft Visual C++,
or Visual InterDev.

1.2 Creating a script with Notepad

1.Start Notepad.

2.Write your script. For example purposes, type Msgbox "Hello VB Script"

3.Save this text file with a .vbs extension (instead of the default .txt extension). For
example, Hello.vbs

4.Navigate to the file you just saved, and double-click it.

5.Windows Script Host invokes the VB Script engine and runs your script. In the
example, a message box is displayed with the message "Hello VB Script"

1.3 Hosting Environments and Script Engines

Scripts are often embedded in Web pages, either in an HTML page (on the client
side) or in an ASP page (on the server side).

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In the case of a script embedded in an HTML page, the engine component that
interprets and runs the script code is loaded by the Web browser, such as Internet
Explorer.

In the case of a script embedded in an ASP page, the engine that interprets and runs
the script code is built into Internet Information Services (IIS).

Windows Script Host executes scripts that exist outside an HTML or ASP page and
that stand on their own as text files.

1.4 Available Script Engines

Generally, we write scripts in either Microsoft JScript or VBScript, the two script
engines that ship with Microsoft Windows 98, 2000 and Millennium Editions.

We can use other script engines, such as Perl, REXX, and Python, with Windows
Script Host.

A stand-alone script written in JScript has the .js extension; a stand-alone script
written in VBScript has the .vbs extension. These extensions are registered with
Windows. When we run one of these types of files, Windows starts Windows Script
Host, which invokes the associated script engine to interpret and run the file.

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Comments

The comment argument is the text of any comment we want to include.

2.0 Purpose of comments:

o We can use comments for making the script understandable.
o We can use comments for making one or more statements disable from
execution.

2.1 Syntax

Rem comment (After the Rem keyword, a space is required before comment.)

Or

Apostrophe (') symbol before the comment

2.2 Comment/Uncomment a block of statements

Select block of statement and use short cut key Ctrl + M (for comment)
Select comment block and use short cut key Ctrl + Shift + M (for uncomment)

2.3 Example

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VB Script Variables

A variable is a convenient placeholder that refers to a computer memory location
where we can store program information that may change during the time our script
is running.

3.1 Declaring Variables

We declare variables explicitly in our script using the Dim statement, the Public
statement, and the Private statement.

For example:

Dim city
Dim x

We declare multiple variables by separating each variable name with a comma. For

Example:

Dim x, Top, Bottom, Left, Right

We can also declare a variable implicitly by simply using its name in our script. That
is not generally a good practice because we could misspell the variable name in one
or more places, causing unexpected results when our script is run. For that reason,
the Option Explicit statement is available to require explicit declaration of all
variables.

The Option Explicit statement should be the first statement in our script.

3.2 Option Explicit

Forces explicit declaration of all variables in a script.

Option Explicit ' Force explicit variable declaration.
Dim MyVar ' Declare variable.
MyInt = 10 ' Undeclared variable generates error.
MyVar = 10 ' Declared variable does not generate error.

3.3 Naming Restrictions for Variables

Variable names follow the standard rules for naming anything in VBScript. A variable
name:
o Must begin with an alphabetic character.
o Cannot contain an embedded period.
o Must not exceed 255 characters.
o Must be unique in the scope in which it is declared.

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3.4 Scope of Variables

A variable's scope is determined by where we declare it.

When we declare a variable within a procedure, only code within that procedure can
access or change the value of that variable.

If we declare a variable outside a procedure, we make it recognizable to all the
procedures in our script. This is a script-level variable, and it has script-level scope.

3.5 Life Time of Variables

The lifetime of a variable depends on how long it exists.

The lifetime of a script-level variable extends from the time it is declared until the
time the script is finished running.

At procedure level, a variable exists only as long as you are in the procedure.

3.6 Assigning Values to Variables

Values are assigned to variables creating an expression as follows:

The variable is on the left side of the expression and the value you want to assign to
the variable is on the right.

For example:
A = 200
City = “Hyderabad”

X=100: Y=200

3.7 Scalar Variables and Array Variables

A variable containing a single value is a scalar variable.

A variable containing a series of values, is called an array variable.

Array variables and scalar variables are declared in the same way, except that the
declaration of an array variable uses parentheses () following the variable name.

Example:
Dim A(3)

Although the number shown in the parentheses is 3, all arrays in VBScript are zero-
based, so this array actually contains 4 elements.

We assign data to each of the elements of the array using an index into the array.
Beginning at zero and ending at 4, data can be assigned to the elements of an array
as follows:

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A(0) = 256
A(1) = 324
A(2) = 100
A(3) = 55

Similarly, the data can be retrieved from any element using an index into the
particular array element you want.

For example:

SomeVariable = A(4)

Arrays aren't limited to a single dimension. We can have as many as 60 dimensions,
although most people can't comprehend more than three or four dimensions.

In the following example, the MyTable variable is a two-dimensional array consisting
of 6 rows and 11 columns:

Dim MyTable(5, 10)

In a two-dimensional array, the first number is always the number of rows; the
second number is the number of columns.

3.8 Dynamic Arrays

We can also declare an array whose size changes during the time our script is
running. This is called a dynamic array.

The array is initially declared within a procedure using either the Dim statement or
using the ReDim statement.

However, for a dynamic array, no size or number of dimensions is placed inside the
parentheses.

For example:
Dim MyArray()
ReDim AnotherArray()

To use a dynamic array, you must subsequently use ReDim to determine the number
of dimensions and the size of each dimension.

In the following example, ReDim sets the initial size of the dynamic array to 25. A
subsequent ReDim statement resizes the array to 30, but uses the Preserve keyword
to preserve the contents of the array as the resizing takes place.

ReDim MyArray(25)

ReDim Preserve MyArray(30)

There is no limit to the number of times we can resize a dynamic array, although if
we make an array smaller, we lose the data in the eliminated elements.

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VB Script Data Types

VBScript has only one data type called a Variant. A Variant is a special kind of data
type that can contain different kinds of information, depending on how it is used.

Because Variant is the only data type in VBScript, it is also the data type returned by
all functions in VBScript.

4.1 Variant Subtypes

Beyond the simple numeric or string classifications, a Variant can make further
distinctions about the specific nature of numeric information. For example, we can
have numeric information that represents a date or a time. When used with other
date or time data, the result is always expressed as a date or a time. We can also
have a rich variety of numeric information ranging in size from Boolean values to
huge floating-point numbers. These different categories of information that can be
contained in a Variant are called subtypes. Most of the time, we can just put the kind
of data we want in a Variant, and the Variant behaves in a way that is most
appropriate for the data it contains.
The following table shows subtypes of data that a Variant can contain.

Subtype Description
Empty Variant is uninitialized. Value is 0 for numeric variables or a zero-length string
("") for string variables.
Null Variant intentionally contains no valid data.
Boolean Contains either True or False.
Byte Contains integer in the range 0 to 255.
Integer Contains integer in the range -32,768 to 32,767.
Currency -922,337,203,685,477.5808 to 922,337,203,685,477.5807.
Long Contains integer in the range -2,147,483,648 to 2,147,483,647.
Single Contains a single-precision, floating-point number in the range -3.402823E38
to -1.401298E-45 for negative values; 1.401298E-45 to 3.402823E38 for positive
values.
Double Contains a double-precision, floating-point number in the range
-1.79769313486232E308 to -4.94065645841247E-324 for negative values;
4.94065645841247E-324 to 1.79769313486232E308 for positive values.
Date (Time) Contains a number that represents a date between January 1, 100 to
December 31, 9999.
String Contains a variable-length string that can be up to approximately 2 billion
characters in length.
Object Contains an object.
Error Contains an error number.

We can use conversion functions to convert data from one subtype to another. In
addition, the VarType function returns information about how your data is stored
within a Variant.

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VB Script Operators

Operators are used for performing mathematical, comparison and logical operations.
VBScript has a full range of operators, including arithmetic operators, comparison
operators, concatenation operators, and logical operators.

4.1 Operator Precedence

When several operations occur in an expression, each part is evaluated and resolved
in a predetermined order called operator precedence.

We can use parentheses to override the order of precedence and force some parts of
an expression to be evaluated before others.

Operations within parentheses are always performed before those outside. Within
parentheses, however, standard operator precedence is maintained.

When expressions contain operators from more than one category, arithmetic
operators are evaluated first, comparison operators are evaluated next, and logical
operators are evaluated last.

Comparison operators all have equal precedence; that is, they are evaluated in the
left-to-right order in which they appear.

Arithmetic and logical operators are evaluated in the following order of precedence.

4.2 Arithmetic Operators:

Operator Description
1) Exponentiation Operator (^) Raises a number to the power of an exponent
2) Multiplication Operator (*) Multiplies two numbers.
3) Division Operator (/) Divides two numbers and returns a floating-point
result.
4) Integer Division Operator () Divides two numbers and returns an integer result.
5) Mod Operator Divides two numbers and returns only the remainder.
6) Addition Operator (+) Sums two numbers.
7) Subtraction Operator (-) Finds the difference between two numbers or indicates
the negative value of a numeric expression.

8) Concatenation Operator (&) Forces string concatenation of two expressions.

4.3 Comparison Operators

Used to compare expressions.

1) = (Equal to) Used to compare expressions.
2) <> (Not equal to) Used to compare expressions.
3) < Less than
4) > Grater than
5) <= Less than or equal to

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6) >= Greater than or equal to
7) Is Object equivalence

4.4 Concatenation Operators

1) Addition Operator (+) Sums two numbers
If
Then

1) Both expressions are numeric
Add.

2) Both expressions are strings
Concatenate.

3) One expression is numeric and the
other is a string
Add.

2) Concatenation Forces string concatenation of two expressions.
Operator (&)

4.5 Logical Operators

Operator Description Syntax
1) Not Performs logical negation on an result= Not expression
expression
2) And Performs a logical conjunction on two result= expression1 And
expressions. expression2
3) Or Performs a logical disjunction on two result= expression1 Or
4) Xor Performs a logical exclusion on two result= expression1 Xor
5) Eqv Performs a logical equivalence on result= expression1 Eqv
two expressions. expression2

6) Imp Performs a logical implication on two result= expression1 Imp

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Input/Output Operations

6.1 InputBox Function

Displays a prompt in a dialog box, waits for the user to input text or click a button,
and returns the contents of the text box.

Example:

Dim Input
Input = InputBox("Enter your name")
MsgBox ("You entered: " & Input)

6.2 MsgBox Function

Displays a message in a dialog box, waits for the user to click a button, and returns a
value indicating which button the user clicked.

Example:

Dim MyVar
MyVar = MsgBox ("Hello World!", 65, "MsgBox Example")

' MyVar contains either 1 or 2, depending on which button is clicked.

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VB Script Constants

A constant is a meaningful name that takes the place of a number or string and
never changes.

7.1 Creating Constants

We create user-defined constants in VBScript using the Const statement. Using the
Const statement, we can create string or numeric constants with meaningful names
and assign them literal values.

Const statement

Declares constants for use in place of literal values.

Example:

Const MyString = "This is my string."
Const MyAge = 49
Const CutoffDate = #6-1-97#

Note that String literal is enclosed in quotation marks (" ").

Represent Date literals and time literals by enclosing them in number signs (#).

We declare multiple constants by separating each constant name and value with a
comma. For example:
Const price= 100, city= “Hyderabad”, x= 27

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Conditional Statements

We can control the flow of our script with conditional statements and looping
statements.

Using conditional statements, we can write VBScript code that makes decisions and
repeats actions. The following conditional statements are available in VBScript:

1) If…Then…Else Statement
2) Select Case Statement

8.1 Making Decisions Using If...Then...Else

The If...Then...Else statement is used to evaluate whether a condition is True or
False and, depending on the result, to specify one or more statements to run.

Usually the condition is an expression that uses a comparison operator to compare
one value or variable with another.

If...Then...Else statements can be nested to as many levels as you need.

8.1.1 Running a Statement if a Condition is True (single statement)

To run only one statement when a condition is True, use the single-line syntax for
the If...Then...Else statement.

Dim myDate
myDate = #2/13/98#
If myDate < Now Then myDate = Now

8.1.2 Running Statements if a Condition is True (multiple statements)

To run more than one line of code, we must use the multiple-line (or block) syntax.
This syntax includes the End If statement.
Dim x
x= 20
If x>10 Then
msgbox "Hello Tester"

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msgbox "x value is: "&x
msgbox "Bye Bye"
End If

8.1.3 Running Certain Statements if a Condition is True and Running Others
if a Condition is False

We can use an If...Then...Else statement to define two blocks of executable
statements: one block to run if the condition is True, the other block to run if the
condition is False.
Example:

Dim x
x= Inputbox (" Enter a value")
If x>100 Then
Msgbox "Hello Tester"
Msgbox "X is a Big Number"
Msgbox "X value is: "&X
Else
Msgbox "GCR"
Msgbox "X is a Small Number"
Msgbox "X value is: "&X
End If

8.1.4 Deciding Between Several Alternatives

A variation on the If...Then...Else statement allows us to choose from several
alternatives. Adding ElseIf clauses expands the functionality of the If...Then...Else
statement so we can control program flow based on different possibilities.
Example:
Dim x
x= Inputbox (" Enter a value")

If x>0 and x<=100 Then
Msgbox "X is a Small Number"
Msgbox "X value is "&x

Else IF x>100 and x<=500 Then
Msgbox "Hello GCR"
Msgbox "X is a Medium Number"

Else IF x>500 and x<=1000 Then
Msgbox "X is a Large Number"

Else
Msgbox "Hello Sir"
Msgbox "X is a Grand Number"
End If
End If
End If

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8.1.5 Executing a certain block of statements when two / more conditions
are True (Nested If...)

Example:

Dim State, Region
State=Inputbox ("Enter a State")
Region=Inputbox ("Enter a Region")

If state= "AP" Then
If Region= "Telangana" Then
msgbox "Dist count is 10"

Else if Region= "Rayalasema" Then
msgbox "Hello GCR"

Else If Region= "Costal" Then

End If
End If
End If
End If

8.2 Making Decisions with Select Case

The Select Case structure provides an alternative to If...Then...ElseIf for selectively
executing one block of statements from among multiple blocks of statements. A
Select Case statement provides capability similar to the If...Then...Else statement,
but it makes code more efficient and readable.
Example:

Option explicit
Dim x,y, Operation, Result
x= Inputbox (" Enter x value")
y= Inputbox ("Enter y value")
Operation= Inputbox ("Enter an Operation")

Select Case Operation

Case "add"
Result= cdbl (x)+cdbl (y)
Msgbox "Addition of x,y values is "&Result

Case "sub"
Result= x-y

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Msgbox "Substraction of x,y values is "&Result

Case "mul"
Result= x*y
Msgbox "Multiplication of x,y values is "&Result

Case "div"
Result= x/y
Msgbox "Division of x,y values is "&Result

Case "mod"
Result= x mod y
Msgbox "Mod of x,y values is "&Result

Case "expo"
Result= x^y
Msgbox"Exponentation of x,y values is "&Result

Case Else
msgbox "Wrong Operation"

End Select

8.3 Other Examples

8.3.1 Write a program for finding out whether the given year is a leap year
or not?

Dim xyear
xyear=inputbox ("Enter Year")

If xyear mod 4=0 Then
msgbox "This is a Leap year"
Else
msgbox "This is NOT"
End If

8.3.2 Write a program for finding out whether the given number is, Even
number or Odd number?

Dim num
num=inputbox ("Enter a number")

If num mod 2=0 Then
msgbox "This is a Even Number"
Else
msgbox "This is a Odd Number"

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End If

8.3.3 Read two numbers and display the sum?

Dim num1,num2, sum
num1=inputbox ("Enter num1")
num2=inputbox ("Enter num2")

sum= Cdbl (num1) + Cdbl (num2) 'if we want add two strings conversion
require
msgbox ("Sum is " &sum)

8.3.4 Read P,T,R values and Calculate the Simple Interest?

Dim p,t, r, si
p=inputbox ("Enter Principle")
t=inputbox ("Enter Time")
r=inputbox ("Enter Rate of Interest")
si= (p*t*r)/100 ' p= principle amount, t=time in years, r= rate of interest
msgbox ("Simple Interest is " &si)

8.3.5 Read Four digit number, calculate & display the sum of the number or
display Error message if the number is not a four digit number?

Dim num, sum
num=inputbox ("Enter a Four digit number")
If Len(num) = 4 Then
sum=0
sum=sum+num mod 10
num=num/10
num= left (num, 3)
sum=sum+num mod 10
num=num/10
num= left (num, 2)
sum=sum+num mod 10
num=num/10
num= left (num, 1)
sum=sum+num mod 10
msgbox ("Sum is " &sum)
else
msgbox "Number, you entered is not a 4 digit number"
End If

8.3.6 Read any Four-digit number and display the number in reverse order?

Dim num,rev
num= inputbox("Enter a number")
If len(num)=4 Then

rev=rev*10 + num mod 10
num=num/10
num= left(num,3)

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num=num/10
num= left(num,2)

num=num/10
num= left(num,1)


msgbox "Reverse Order of the number is "&rev
Else
msgbox "Number, you entered is not a 4 digit number"
End If

8.3.7 Read 4 subjects marks; calculate the Total marks and grade?
(a) If average marks Greater than or equal to 75, grade is Distinction
b) If average marks Greater than or equal to 60 and less than 75 , then grade is
First
c) If average marks Greater than or equal to 50 and less than 60 , then grade is
Second
d) If average marks Greater than or equal to 40 and less than 50 , then grade is
Third
e) Minimum marks 35 for any subject, otherwise 'no grade fail')

Dim e,m,p,c, tot
e=inputbox ("Enter english Marks")
m=inputbox ("Enter maths Marks")
p=inputbox ("Enter physics Marks")
c=inputbox ("Enter chemistry Marks")

tot= cdbl(e) + cdbl(m) + cdbl(p) + cdbl(c)
msgbox tot

If cdbl(e) >=35 and cdbl(m) >=35 and cdbl(p) >=35 and cdbl(c) >=35 and tot
>=300 Then
msgbox "Grade is Distinction"

else If cdbl(e) >=35 and cdbl(m) >=35 and cdbl(p) >=35 and cdbl(c) >=35 and tot
>=240 and tot<300 Then
msgbox "Grade is First"

msgbox "Grade is Second"

msgbox "Grade is Third"
else

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msgbox "No Grade, Fail"

End If
End If
End If
End If

8.3.8 Display Odd numbers up to n?

Dim num,n
n=Inputbox ("Enter a Vaule")
For num= 1 to n step 2
msgbox num
Next

8.3.9 Display Even numbers up to n?

Dim num,n
msgbox num
Next

8.3.10 display natural numbers up to n and write in a text file?

Dim num, n, fso, myfile
n= inputbox ("Enter any Value")
num=1
Set fso= createobject ("scripting.filesystemobject")
set myfile=fso.opentextfile ("E:gcr.txt", 8, true)
myfile.writeline num
myfile.close
Next

8.11 Display Natural numbers in reverse order up to n?

Dim num,n
For num=n to 1 step -1
msgbox num
Next

8.12 Display Natural numbers sum up to n? (Using For...Next Loop)

Dim num, n, sum
n= inputbox ("Enter a Value")
sum=0
sum= sum+num
Next
msgbox sum

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8.13 Display Natural numbers sum up to n? (using While...Wend Loop)

Dim num, n, sum
While num <=cdbl (n)
sum= sum+num
num=num+1
Wend
msgbox sum

8.14 Display Natural numbers sum up to n? (Using Do...Until...Loop)

Dim num, n, sum
sum=0
num=1
Do
sum= sum+num
num=num+1
Loop Until num =cdbl (n+1)
msgbox sum

8.15 Write a Function for Natural Numbers sum up to n?

Function NNumCou (n)
Dim num, sum
sum=0
sum= sum+num
Next
msgbox sum
End Function

8.16 Verify weather the entered 10 digit value is a numeric value or not?

Dim a,x,y,z,num
num=Inputbox ("Enter a Phone Number")

d1= left (num,1)
d10=Right (num,1)
d2=mid (num, 2, len (1))

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If isnumeric (d1) = "True" and isnumeric (d2) = "True" and isnumeric (d3) = "True"
and isnumeric (d4) = "True"and isnumeric (d5) = "True"and isnumeric (d6) =
"True"and isnumeric (d7) = "True"and isnumeric (d8) = "True"and isnumeric (d9) =
"True"and isnumeric (d10) = "True" Then
msgbox "It is a Numeric Value"
else
Msgbox "It is NOT Numeric"
End If

8.17 Verify weather the entered value is a 10 digit value or not and Numeric
value or not? (Using multiple if conditions)

Dim a,x,y,z,num
num=Inputbox ("Enter a Phone Number")

d1= left (num,1)
d10=Right (num,1)

If len (num) =10 Then

If isnumeric (d1) = "True" and isnumeric (d2) = "True" and isnumeric (d3) = "True"
and isnumeric (d4) = "True"and isnumeric (d5) = "True"and isnumeric (d6) =
"True"and isnumeric (d7) = "True"and isnumeric (d8) = "True"and isnumeric (d9) =
"True"and isnumeric (d10) = "True" Then
msgbox "It is a Numeric Value"
End If
End If

If len (num) <> 10 Then
Msgbox "It is NOT valid Number "
End If

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Looping Through Code

o Looping allows us to run a group of statements repeatedly.
o Some loops repeat statements until a condition is False;
o Others repeat statements until a condition is True.
o There are also loops that repeat statements a specific number of times.
The following looping statements are available in VBScript:
o Do...Loop: Loops while or until a condition is True.
o While...Wend: Loops while a condition is True.
o For...Next: Uses a counter to run statements a specified number of times.
o For Each...Next: Repeats a group of statements for each item in a collection
or each element of an array.

9.1 Using Do Loops

We can use Do...Loop statements to run a block of statements an indefinite number
of times.

The statements are repeated either while a condition is True or until a condition
becomes True.

9.1.1 Repeating Statements While a Condition is True

Repeats a block of statements while a condition is True or until a condition becomes
True

a) Do While condition
Statements
-----------
-----------
Loop
Or, we can use this below syntax:

Example:

Dim x

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Do While x<5 x=x+1
Msgbox "Hello QTP"
Loop

b) Do
Statements
-----------
-----------
Loop While condition

Example:

Dim x
x=1
Do
Msgbox "Hello QTP"
x=x+1
Loop While x<5

9.1.2 Repeating a Statement Until a Condition Becomes True

c) Do Until condition
Statements
-----------
-----------
Loop
Example:

Dim x
Do Until x=5 x=x+1
Msgbox "Tester"
Msgbox "Hello QTP"
Loop
d) Do
Statements
-----------
-----------
Loop Until condition

Example:

Dim x
x=1
Do
Msgbox “Hello Tester”
Msgbox "Hello QTP"

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x=x+1
Loop Until x=5

9.2 While...Wend Statement

Executes a series of statements as long as a given condition is True.

Syntax:
While condition
Statements
-----------
-----------
Wend
Example:
Dim x
x=0
While x<5 x=x+1
msgbox "Hello QTP"
Wend

9.3 For...Next Statement

Repeats a group of statements a specified number of times.
Syntax:
For counter = start to end [Step step]
statements
Next

Example:
Dim x
For x= 1 to 5 step 1
Next

9.4 For Each...Next Statement

Repeats a group of statements for each element in an array or collection.

Syntax:

For Each item In array
Statements
Next

Example: (1

Dim a,b,x (3)
a=20
b=30
x(0)= "Addition is "& a+b
x(1)="Substraction is " & a-b

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x(2)= "Multiplication is " & a*b
x(3)= "Division is " & a/b

For Each element In x
msgbox element
Next

Example: (2

MyArray = Array("one","two","three","four","five")
For Each element In MyArray
msgbox element
Next

Control Flow Examples (Using Conditional and Loop Statements)

11.1 read a number and verify that number Range weather in between 1 to
100 or 101 to 1000?

Option explicit
Dim a,x
a=Inputbox ("Enter a Vaule")
a=cdbl(a)
If a<= 100 Then
For x= 1 to 100
If a=x Then
msgbox "a is in between 1 to 100 range"
End If
Next
else
For x= 101 to 1000
If a=x Then
msgbox "a is in between 101 to 1000 range"
End If
Next
End If

11.1 read Data and find that data size, If size <>4 then display invalid data
message, if data size = 4 then verify “a” is there or not in that data?

Dim x
x=Inputbox ("Enter 4 digit value")
x1=Right(x,1)
x2=Left (x,1)
x3=mid (x,2,Len(1))
x4=mid (x,3,Len(1))
y=len(x)
If y=4 Then
If x1="a" or x2="a" or x3="a" or x4="a" Then
msgbox "a is there"
else
msgbox "a is Not there"

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End If
else
msgbox "Invalid Data"
End If

VB Script Procedures

In VBScript, there are two kinds of procedures available; the Sub procedure and the
Function procedure.

11.1 Sub Procedures

A Sub procedure is a series of VBScript statements (enclosed by Sub and End Sub
statements) that perform actions but don't return a value.

A Sub procedure can take arguments (constants, variables, or expressions that are
passed by a calling procedure).

If a Sub procedure has no arguments, its Sub statement must include an empty set
of parentheses ().

Syntax:
Sub Procedure name ()
Statements
-----------
-----------
End Sub
Or
Sub Procedure name (argument1, argument2)
Statements
-----------
-----------
End Sub

Example: 1

Sub ConvertTemp()
temp = InputBox("Please enter the temperature in degrees F.", 1)
MsgBox "The temperature is " & Celsius(temp) & " degrees C."
End Sub

Example: 2

11.2 Function Procedures

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A Function procedure is a series of VBScript statements enclosed by the Function and
End Function statements.

A Function procedure is similar to a Sub procedure, but can also return a value.

A Function procedure can take arguments (constants, variables, or expressions that
are passed to it by a calling procedure).

If a Function procedure has no arguments, its Function statement must include an
empty set of parentheses.

A Function returns a value by assigning a value to its name in one or more
statements of the procedure. The return type of a Function is always a Variant.
Syntax:
Function Procedure name ()
Statements
-----------
-----------
End Function
Or
Function Procedure name (argument1, argument2)
Statements
-----------
-----------
End Function

Example: 1

Function Celsius(fDegrees)
Celsius = (fDegrees - 32) * 5 / 9
End Function

Example: 2

Function cal(a,b,c)
cal = (a+b+c)
End Function

11.3 Getting Data into and out of Procedures
o Each piece of data is passed into our procedures using an argument.
o Arguments serve as placeholders for the data we want to pass into our
procedure. We can name our arguments any valid variable name.
o When we create a procedure using either the Sub statement or the Function
statement, parentheses must be included after the name of the procedure.
o Any arguments are placed inside these parentheses, separated by commas.

11.4 Using Sub and Function Procedures in Code

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A Function in our code must always be used on the right side of a variable
assignment or in an expression.

For example:
Temp = Celsius(fDegrees)
-Or-
MsgBox "The Celsius temperature is " & Celsius(fDegrees) & " degrees."

To call a Sub procedure from another procedure, type the name of the procedure
along with values for any required arguments, each separated by a comma.

The Call statement is not required, but if you do use it, you must enclose any
arguments in parentheses.

The following example shows two calls to the MyProc procedure. One uses the Call
statement in the code; the other doesn't. Both do exactly the same thing.

Call MyProc(firstarg, secondarg)

MyProc firstarg, secondarg

Notice that the parentheses are omitted in the call when the Call statement isn't
used.

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VB Script Built in Functions

Types of Functions
o Conversions (25)
o Dates/Times (19)
o Formatting Strings (4)
o Input/Output (3)
o Math (9)
o Miscellaneous (3)
o Rounding (5)
o Strings (30)
o Variants (8)

Important Functions

1) Abs Function
Returns the absolute value of a number.
Dim num
num=abs(-50.33)
msgbox num

2) Array Function
Returns a variant containing an Array
Dim A
A=Array("hyderabad","chennai","mumbai")
msgbox A(0)
ReDim A(5)
A(4)="nellore"
msgbox A(4)

3) Asc Function
Returns the ANSI character code corresponding to the first letter in a string.

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Dim num
num=Asc("A")
msgbox num

* It returns the value 65 *

4) Chr Function
Returns the character associated with the specified ANSI character code.
Dim char
Char=Chr(65)
msgbox char

* It returns A *

5) CInt Function
Returns an expression that has been converted to a Variant of subtype Integer.
Dim num
num=123.45
myInt=CInt(num)
msgbox MyInt

6) Date Function

Returns the Current System Date.

Dim mydate
mydate=Date
msgbox mydate

7) Day Function

Ex1) Dim myday
myday=Day("17,December,2009")
msgbox myday

Ex2) Dim myday
mydate=date
myday=Day(Mydate)
msgbox myday

8) DateDiff Function
Returns the number of intervals between two dates.
Dim myday
mydate=#02-17-2009#
x=Datediff("d",mydate,Now)
msgbox x

9) Hour Function
Returns a whole number between 0 and 23, inclusive, representing the hour of the
day.
Dim mytime, Myhour
mytime=Now

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myhour=hour (mytime)
msgbox myhour

10) Join Function
Returns a string created by joining a number of substrings contained in an array.
Dim mystring, myarray(3)
myarray(0)="Chandra "
myarray(1)="Mohan "
myarray(2)="Tester"
mystring=Join(MyArray)
msgbox mystring

11) Eval Function

Evaluates an expression and returns the result.

12) Time Function
Returns a Variant of subtype Date indicating the current system time.
Dim mytime
mytime=Time
msgbox mytime

13) VarType Function
Returns a value indicating the subtype of a variable.

Dim MyCheck
MyCheck = VarType(300) ' Returns 2.
Msgbox Mycheck

MyCheck = VarType(#10/19/62#) ' Returns 7.
Msgbox Mycheck

MyCheck = VarType("VBScript") ' Returns 8.
Msgbox Mycheck

14) Left Function

Dim MyString, LeftString
MyString = "VBSCript"
LeftString = Left(MyString, 3) ' LeftString contains "VBS".

14) Right Function

Dim AnyString, MyStr
AnyString = "Hello World" ' Define string.
MyStr = Right(AnyString, 1) ' Returns "d".
MyStr = Right(AnyString, 6) ' Returns " World".
MyStr = Right(AnyString, 20) ' Returns "Hello World".

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15) Len Function

Returns the number of characters in a string or the number of bytes required to
store a variable.

Ex 1): Dim Mystring
mystring=Len("Tester")
msgbox mystring

Ex 2): Dim Mystring
Mystring=Inputbox("Enter a Value")
Mystring=Len(Mystring)
Msgbox Mystring

16) Mid Function
Returns a specified number of characters from a string.
Dim MyVar
MyVar = Mid("VB Script is fun!", 4, 6)
Msgbox MyVar

* It Returns ‘Script’ *

17) Timer Function
Returns the number of seconds that have elapsed since 12:00 AM (midnight).

Function myTime(N)
Dim StartTime, EndTime
StartTime = Timer
For I = 1 To N
Next
EndTime = Timer
myTime= EndTime - StartTime
msgbox myTime
End Function
Call myTime(2000)

17) isNumeric Function

Dim MyVar, MyCheck
MyVar = 53
MyCheck = IsNumeric(MyVar)
msgbox MyCheck

MyVar = "459.95"
msgbox MyCheck

MyVar = "45 Help"
msgbox MyCheck

* It Returns True/False like Result *

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18) Inputbox Function
Displays a prompt in a dialog box, waits for the user to input text or click a button,
and returns the contents of the text box.

Dim Input
Input = InputBox("Enter your name")
MsgBox ("You entered: " & Input)

19) Msgbox Function
Displays a message in a dialog box, waits for the user to click a button, and returns a
value indicating which button the user clicked.
Dim MyVar
MyVar = MsgBox ("Hello World!", 65, "MsgBox Example")
VBScript syntax rules and guidelines

21.1 Case-sensitivity:

By default, VBScript is not case sensitive and does not differentiate between upper
case and lower-case spelling of words, for example, in variables, object and method
names, or constants.

For example, the two statements below are identical in VBScript:

Browser("Mercury").Page("Find a Flight:").WebList("toDay").Select "31"
browser("mercury").page("find a flight:").weblist("today").select "31"

21.2 Text strings:

When we enter a value as a text string, we must add quotation marks before and
after the string. For example, in the above segment of script, the names of the Web
site, Web page, and edit box are all text strings surrounded by quotation marks.

Note that the value 31 is also surrounded by quotation marks, because it is a text
string that represents a number and not a numeric value.

In the following example, only the property name (first argument) is a text string
and is in quotation marks. The second argument (the value of the property) is a
variable and therefore does not have quotation marks. The third argument
(specifying the timeout) is a numeric value, which also does not need quotation
marks.

Browser("Mercury").Page("Find a Flight:").WaitProperty("items count", Total_Items,
2000)

21.3 Variables:

We can specify variables to store strings, integers, arrays and objects. Using
variables helps to make our script more readable and flexible

21.4 Parentheses:

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To achieve the desired result and to avoid errors, it is important that we use
parentheses () correctly in our statements.

21.5 Indentation:

We can indent or outdent our script to reflect the logical structure and nesting of the
statements.

21.6 Comments:

We can add comments to our statements using an apostrophe ('), either at the
beginning of a separate line, or at the end of a statement. It is recommended that
we add comments wherever possible, to make our scripts easier to understand and
maintain.

21.7 Spaces:

We can add extra blank spaces to our script to improve clarity. These spaces are
ignored by VBScript.

Errors

We have two types Errors in VB Script; they are VBScript Run-time Errors and
VBScript Syntax Errors

13.1 VBScript Run-time Errors

VBScript run-time errors are errors that result when our VBScript script attempts to
perform an action that the system cannot execute. VBScript run-time errors occur
while our script is being executed; when variable expressions are being evaluated,
and memory is being dynamic allocated.

13.2 VBScript Syntax Errors

VBScript syntax errors are errors that result when the structure of one of our
VBScript statements violates one or more of the grammatical rules of the VBScript
scripting language. VBScript syntax errors occur during the program compilation
stage, before the program has begun to be executed.

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File System Operations
I) Working with Drives and Folders

a) Creating a Folder

Option Explicit
Dim objFSO, objFolder, strDirectory
strDirectory = "D:logs"
Set objFSO = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")
Set objFolder = objFSO.CreateFolder(strDirectory)

b) Deleting a Folder

Set oFSO = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")
oFSO.DeleteFolder("E:FSO")

c) Copying Folders

Set oFSO=createobject("Scripting.Filesystemobject")
oFSO.CopyFolder "E:gcr6", "C:jvr", True
d) Checking weather the folder available or not, if not creating the folder
Option Explicit
Dim objFSO, objFolder, strDirectory
strDirectory = "D:logs"
If objFSO.FolderExists(strDirectory) Then
Set objFolder = objFSO.GetFolder(strDirectory)
msgbox strDirectory & " already created "
else
Set objFolder = objFSO.CreateFolder(strDirectory)
end if

e) Returning a collection of Disk Drives

Set colDrives = oFSO.Drives
For Each oDrive in colDrives
MsgBox "Drive letter: " & oDrive.DriveLetter
Next

f) Getting available space on a Disk Drive

Set oDrive = oFSO.GetDrive("C:")
MsgBox "Available space: " & oDrive.AvailableSpace

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II) Working with Flat Files
a) Creating a Flat File
Set objFile = objFSO.CreateTextFile("E:ScriptLog.txt")

b) Checking weather the File is available or not, if not creating the File
strDirectory="E:"
strFile="Scripting.txt"
If objFSO.FileExists(strDirectory & strFile) Then
Set objFolder = objFSO.GetFolder(strDirectory)
Else
Set objFile = objFSO.CreateTextFile("E:ScriptLog.txt")
End if

c) Reading Data character by character from a Flat File
Set objFile = objFSO.OpenTextFile("E:gcr.txt", 1)
Do Until objFile.AtEndOfStream
strCharacters = objFile.Read(1)
msgbox strCharacters
Loop

d) Reading Data line by line from a Flat File

Set objFile = objFSO.OpenTextFile("E:gcr.txt", 1)
Do Until objFile.AtEndOfStream
strCharacters = objFile.Readline
msgbox strCharacters
Loop

e) Reading data from a flat file and using in data driven testing

Dim fso,myfile
Set fso=createobject("scripting.filesystemobject")
Set myfile= fso.opentextfile ("F:gcr.txt",1)
myfile.skipline
While myfile.atendofline <> True
x=myfile.readline
s=split (x, ",")
SystemUtil.Run "C:Program FilesMercury InteractiveQuickTest
Professionalsamplesflightappflight4a.exe","","C:Program FilesMercury
InteractiveQuickTest Professionalsamplesflightapp","open"

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Dialog("Login").Activate
Dialog("Login").WinEdit("Agent Name:").Set s(0)
Dialog("Login").WinEdit("Password:").SetSecure s(1)
Dialog("Login").WinButton("OK").Click
Window("Flight Reservation").Close
Wend

f) Writing data to a text file

Dim Stuff, myFSO, WriteStuff, dateStamp
dateStamp = Date()
Stuff = "I am Preparing this script: " &dateStamp

Set myFSO = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")
Set WriteStuff = myFSO.OpenTextFile("e:gcr.txt", 8, True)
WriteStuff.WriteLine(Stuff)
WriteStuff.Close
SET WriteStuff = NOTHING
SET myFSO = NOTHING

g) Delete a text file

Set objFSO=createobject("Scripting.filesystemobject")
Set txtFilepath = objFSO.GetFile("E:gcr.txt")
txtFilepath.Delete()

h) Checking weather the File is available or not, if available delete the
File

strDirectory="E:"
strFile="gcr.txt"
If objFSO.FileExists(strDirectory & strFile) Then
Set objFile = objFSO.Getfile(strDirectory & strFile)
objFile.delete ()
End if

i) Comparing two text files

Dim f1, f2
f1="e:gcr1.txt"
f2="e:gcr2.txt"
Public Function CompareFiles (FilePath1, FilePath2)
Dim FS, File1, File2
Set FS = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")

If FS.GetFile(FilePath1).Size <> FS.GetFile(FilePath2).Size Then
CompareFiles = True
Exit Function
End If
Set File1 = FS.GetFile(FilePath1).OpenAsTextStream(1, 0)
Set File2 = FS.GetFile(FilePath2).OpenAsTextStream(1, 0)

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CompareFiles = False
Do While File1.AtEndOfStream = False
Str1 = File1.Read
Str2 = File2.Read

CompareFiles = StrComp(Str1, Str2, 0)

If CompareFiles <> 0 Then
CompareFiles = True
Exit Do
End If
Loop

File1.Close()
File2.Close()
End Function

Call Comparefiles(f1,f2)

If CompareFiles(f1, f2) = False Then
MsgBox "Files are identical."
Else
MsgBox "Files are different."
End If

j) Counting the number of times a word appears in a file

sFileName="E:gcr.txt"
sString="Tester"
Const FOR_READING = 1
Dim oFso, oTxtFile, sReadTxt, oRegEx, oMatches
Set oFso = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")
Set oTxtFile = oFso.OpenTextFile(sFileName, FOR_READING)
sReadTxt = oTxtFile.ReadAll
Set oRegEx = New RegExp
oRegEx.Pattern = sString
oRegEx.IgnoreCase = bIgnoreCase
oRegEx.Global = True
Set oMatches = oRegEx.Execute(sReadTxt)
MatchesFound = oMatches.Count
Set oTxtFile = Nothing : Set oFso = Nothing : Set oRegEx = Nothing
msgbox MatchesFound

III) Working with Word Docs

a) Create a word document and enter some data & save

Dim objWD
Set objWD = CreateObject("Word.Application")
objWD.Documents.Add

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objWD.Selection.TypeText "This is some text." & Chr(13) & "This is some more
text"
objWD.ActiveDocument.SaveAs "e:Tester.doc"
objWD.Quit

IV) Working with Excel Sheets

a) Create an excel sheet and enter a value into first cell

Dim objexcel
Set objExcel = createobject("Excel.application")
objexcel.Visible = True
objexcel.Workbooks.add
objexcel.Cells(1, 1).Value = "Testing"
objexcel.ActiveWorkbook.SaveAs("f:Tester1.xls")
objexcel.Quit

b) Compare two excel files

Set objExcel = CreateObject("Excel.Application")
objExcel.Visible = True
Set objWorkbook1= objExcel.Workbooks.Open("E:gcr1.xls")
Set objWorkbook2= objExcel.Workbooks.Open("E:gcr2.xls")

Set objWorksheet1= objWorkbook1.Worksheets(1)

Set objWorksheet2= objWorkbook2.Worksheets(1)

For Each cell In objWorksheet1.UsedRange
If cell.Value <> objWorksheet2.Range(cell.Address).Value Then
msgbox "value is different"
Else
msgbox "value is same"
End If
Next
objWorkbook1.close
objWorkbook2.close
objExcel.quit
set objExcel=nothing

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Test Requirements
1) Verify Login Boundary (Check all the boundary conditions of the Login
window. Checks to see if the correct message appears in the error window
(Flight Reservation Message)

2) Verify Cancel Operation (in Login Dialog box, if user selects cancel button,
before enter any data after enter data dialog box should be disappeared.)

3) Verify Addition, Subtraction, Multiplication and Division Operations in
Calculator Application.

4) Verify state of Update Order Button, before open an Order and after
open an Order (in Flight Reservation before opening an order Update Order
button should be disabled after opening an order enabled.)

5) Price Consistency, In Flight Reservation (In Flight Reservation, First class
price=3*Economy class price and Business class price=2*Economy class
price)

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6) Verify Total, In Flight Reservation (In Flight Reservation, Total = Tickets *
Price)

7) Verify Flight From & Flight To Combo Boxes (In Flight reservation, select
an item from Fly From: combo box and verify weather that item available or
not in Fly To: combo box, like this select all items one by one in Fly From and
verify weather selected items available or not in Fly To.)

8) Verify Order No Entry in Flight Reservation. (In Open Order dialog box,
Order No object accepts numeric values only.)

9) Get Test Data from a Flat file and use in Data Driven Testing (through
Scripting)

10) Get Test Data From a Database and use in Data Driven Testing
(through Scripting)

11)Count, how many links available in Mercury Tours Home Page?

12) Count how many Buttons and Edit boxes available in Flight
Reservation window?

13) Verify search options in Open Order Dialog box
(After selecting open order, 3 search options should be enabled and not checked,
After selecting Order No option, other options should be disabled,
After selecting Customer Name, Flight date option enabled and Order No disabled
After selecting Flight date option, Customer Name enabled and Order No disabled)

14) In Login Dialog box, Verify Help message (The message is ‘The password is
'MERCURY')

15) Count all opened Browsers on desktop and close all?

16) Create an Excel file, enter some data and save the file through VB
scripting?

For Complete Document Visit:

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ww.Tester.com

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