AEFI_Presentation for research purposesx
- 1. Adverse Events Following Immunization (AEFI) BY JASWIN S ROLL NO 93
- 2. Introduction to AEFI • AEFI refers to any untoward medical occurrence following immunization. • It may or may not have a causal relationship with the vaccine. • Essential for vaccine safety and public trust.
- 3. Classification of AEFI 1. Vaccine product-related reaction 2. Vaccine quality defect-related reaction 3. Immunization error-related reaction 4. Immunization anxiety-related reaction 5. Coincidental event
- 4. Mechanisms of AEFI (Pharmacological Basis) • Immune-mediated reactions (e.g., hypersensitivity) • Direct toxicity of vaccine components (e.g., adjuvants, preservatives) • Autoimmune responses • Systemic inflammatory response
- 5. Common Vaccine Adverse Reactions • Local reactions: Pain, swelling, redness at injection site • Systemic reactions: Fever, malaise, headache • Allergic reactions: Anaphylaxis, rash • Neurological reactions: Seizures, Guillain-Barré Syndrome (rare)
- 6. Diagnosis and Management of AEFI • Proper history taking and physical examination • Differential diagnosis to rule out other causes • Symptomatic treatment (e.g., analgesics, antihistamines) • Emergency management (e.g., epinephrine for anaphylaxis) • Documentation and reporting
- 7. Pharmacovigilance and Reporting of AEFI •WHO’s Global Vaccine Safety Initiative (GVSI) • National AEFI surveillance systems • Role of healthcare professionals in reporting • Importance of monitoring for public health safety
- 8. Conclusion • AEFI monitoring is crucial for vaccine safety. • Proper diagnosis and management help maintain public trust. • Pharmacovigilance systems play a key role in ensuring vaccine safety.