recent development in culture od Cestode

Recent Development In
The Culturing OF
Cestodes
By M.Abdullah M.phil Scholar (mail
abdullahjan135@yahoo.com)

A numbed of issues are involved in
culturing of cestode parasite,
which make these procedure
highly complex and subjected to
many variable some of which are
known and some are still
undefined.

 As we know that cestode parasite
have complex life cycle because
having a differ morphological state,
definitive host, intermediate host,
host temperature, host immune
responses and parasitic strain.
 All these are a number of variable
which we can be control difficulty in
culture system.

Despite of these difficulties
researchers try to maintain all
these parameter for culturing
cestode parasites for a number
of purposes including

VACCINATION AGAINST CESTODE
INFECTIONS
 Vaccines for prevention of infection with
cestode parasites would be valuable in
reducing the economic losses due to
infections with these parasites in livestock
and also in breaking the life cycle of the
medically important species.

Cestode Antigen vaccine
 Substantial progress has been made towards
developing a practical vaccine for the prevention
of T. ovis infection in sheep. An antigen derived
from the parasite egg has been identified and
produced in E . coli using recombinant DNA
techniques. The vaccine, which protects sheep
against challenge infection with T. ovis, is the
first highly effective defined antigen vaccine
against any parasite infection of man or animals.

Cestode Vaccine
 Vaccine have been developed, by using
antigens of onchospheral larvae which is
derived from adult tape worm (Taenia solium)
having definitve host man and intermediate
host sheep. These vaccine produced
antibodies to prevent infection in some
intermediate host of larval cestode. This
immunity of the host can be transferred to
neonates through clostral antibody.

Cysticercus antigen
diagnosis
 Immunochemical analysis of Cysticercus
antigens is providing valuable information and
may identify specific diagnostic components This
approach has been applied with outstanding
success to the diagnosis of T. solium cysticercosis
in man . The immunoblotting technique used is
not applicable to large-scale use for diagnosis of
animal cysticercosis, but the information gained
provides the basis for research towards the
production of these particular diagnostic
components using recombinant DNA
techniques.

Screening Of Drug
 In Vitro culture of parasitic helminths provide
an important tool to study cell regeneration
and physiology as well as molecular biology
and genetic engineering study.
 We establish a cell line from the Echinococcus
granulosus germinal layer and we propose it
as important tool for practical purposes
including the screening of new drugs and for
obtaining parasite material.

Cestode in cancer cells
 Hydatid cyst is the larval stage of the
tapeworm Echinococcus granulosus ,it is
collected from sheep or cattle. When fluid of
hydatid cyst protoscolices is added to Hella
cell in the culture medium, its antigen inhibit
the growth of cancer cell. This is one of the
major development in cestode culture.

Differentiation of cell
 Kanan and Chain explored the effect of
hydatid cyst fluid on differentiation of human
monocyte to dendritic cell in the culture
medium. Their results showed that hydatid
cyst fluid modulated differentiation of
dendritic cells.

Eosinophil in cestode
culturing
 By continuous culturing of cestodes it was
found that , eosinophils have been shown to
be strong effectors killing cestode parasites in
vitro, especially the larval stages. However,
this function in vivo was established only for
the very small number of parasites. The
highly toxic basic proteins in eosinophil
granules exert a range of biological effects
against cestode parasites.

Cultured cestodes showing
phylogenitic relationship
 Three hymenolepidid tapeworms, H. diminuta, H
nana and H. microstoma, are commonly maintained laboratory rodents and used in experimental model
systems of tapeworm infections. Authers examined
partial sequences from the mitochondrial cytochrome
c oxidase subunit 1 (CO1) gene and nuclear ribosomal
internal transcribed spacer 2 sequences infer(conclude) phylogenetic relationships. Genes
were amplied by PCR and sequenced directly. The
CO1 gene sequence obtained was the same in length
(391 bp) among specimens. (M. Okamoto et al.1997)

Culture improve diagnosis by
antigen preparation
 Controlled study on lambs experimentally with
E. granulosus have provide no doubt that sheep
do respond to hydated infection by producing
specific antibodies. This infected sheep shown a
specific antibody response to E. granulosus does
occur in sheep, even though of low titer (
antibody concentration) have encouraged
attempts to improve the specificity of diagnosis
by comparative analysis of result with different
antigen preparation.

Culture broadness
 In addition to the economically and medically
important culturing, other naturally occurring
(taeniid) have been used extensively in
experimental investigation of the
immunobioogy of the host parasite
relationship in cestode parasites..
 Also cultured as a bioindecator for the
purpose of identification.

Culture aid in oncosphere gene
cloning,sequencing and stored in
cDNA library
 Genes are cloned in vectors and stodred in data
bank (cDNA library).
 A cDNA library was constructed from
oncosphere mRNA and screened with
antibodies from vaccinated and immune
sheep. One particular cloned antigen,
designated EG95, induced high levels of
protection (96% and 97%) in 2 independent
vaccination trials (Heath et al. 1981)

 Morphology , ultra structure, life cycle, mode
of transmission, optimum temperature and all
other information are mostly available by the
blessing of culture biologist. This
investigation aid in controlling of zoonotic
infection.

recent development in culture od Cestode

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