ajay Technical_Proposal.ppt
- 1. TECHNICAL PROPOSAL 1 PRESENTED BY AJAY CSE 2 YEAR FGIET 2001870100009 SUBMITTED TO DR. SHILPI RISHI SRIVASTAVA PROFESSOR OF HUMAN APPLIED SCIENCE
- 2. DEFINITION A proposal, in simple terms, is an offer by one party to provide a product or service to another party in exchange for money. It is a sales presentation, seeking to persuade the reader to accept the written plan for accomplishing a task. Proposals are written to people within an organization, to an outside company, or to the government. 2
- 3. PURPOSE As said earlier, proposals, in general, aim to solve a problem, alter a procedure, find answers to questions, offer advice and training, or conduct research on a topic of interest to both parties. But proposals have varied purposes having a wide or narrow scope. Given below are a few examples to illustrate the diverse purposes of proposals: 3
- 4. EXAMPLES To construct parking slots, buildings, bridges, highways To sell property such as buildings, machines, airplanes To survey areas for possible water sources To modernize the office procedures of a company To train international managers for work in foreign countries To conduct the basic research before developing an automobile factory in a foreign country To improve engineering performance within a company 4
- 5. Importance of Proposal Proposals, like reports, are valuable records of information in an organization. Successful proposals give financial returns to the organization. They help promote various research activities which are vital for the individual, organization, or government. Proposals attempt to win contracts for the company undertaking the project. Proposal writing develops certain favorable and useful skills such as communicative, persuasive, and organizational skills. 5
- 6. Types The two basic types of proposals are sales proposals and research proposals. Both these types may be either solicited (RFP) or unsolicited (RFT). Sales proposals are also known as business proposals. They are sent outside the company to potential clients or customers. An organization often knows in advance those individuals and corporations that are qualified to bid on a job or help solve a problem 6
- 7. Types While preparing a solicited proposal, the company should remember that, in all likelihood, it will have many competitors bidding for the contract. Similarly when a company prepares an unsolicited proposal, it needs to convince the reader that it understands the receiver’s problem and that it is qualified to solve the problem successfully. Sales proposals rarely duplicate one another in either structure or style. Research proposals are usually academic in nature and mostly solicited. 7
- 8. Characteristics Technical proposals are a persuasive blend of information, organization, and reason. Essentially, technical proposals should: be more creative than other forms of professional writing permit informality and personal approach in style to some extent keep in view the customer’s convenience, financial gain, and prestige look neat and attractive include summary, background, objective, description of the problem, methodology and cost estimate. contain certain or all elements of structure according to the purpose, usefulness, and requirements of the recipient language 8
- 9. STRUCTURE OF A GENERAL FORMAT PROPOSAL I. Prefatory PartS Title page Letter of Transmittal Draft Contract Table of Contents List of Tables/Figures Executive Summary 9 Title page:The title page should include at least the title, the name of the person or company to whom the proposal is submitted, the name of the person submitting the proposal, and the date.
- 10. Letter of Transmittal: Proposals submitted to government organizations may contain the letter of transmittal immediately after the title page. The middle section contains the proposal highlights and the concluding section motivates the recipient towards responding positively to your proposal. Draft Contract: A draft contract is the rough draft of the contract prepared by the proposer. Table of contents: Brief proposals do not require a table of contents. But if the proposal is long then a table of contents is essential. List of Tables and Figures: This list enables the reader to locate the graphic aids, if any, quickly.
- 11. 2.BODY OF PROPOSAL 11 (A)Introduction Problem Need Background Objective Scope And Limitation (B)Technical Procedure Method And Source Plan Of Attack (C)Managerial Procedure Secure Of Activities Equipment, Facilities, Products Personal Qualification (D) Cost Estimate (E) Conclusion
- 12. INTRODUCTION Problem and Need: The problem statement clearly specifies what it intends to investigate. It should elaborate the existing facilities/procedure and the short comings arising out of the same. Background: This includes information such as the following: Previous work completed on identical or related projects Literature reviews on the subject, particularly the proposer’s evaluation of them Statements showing how the proposal will build on the already completed projects and research 12
- 13. Purpose: The objective or purpose of the proposal should be stated clearly. Scope: This part defines the boundaries of the project. The writer of the proposal has an ethical and legal obligation to clarify to the client the limits of his/her responsibility Limitations: This section describes the restrictions over which the proposer has no control, such as the non-availability of some classified information. Project team/Personnel: Even some short proposals include a listing of the individuals who will work on the project, including project director/coordinator. 13
- 14. TECHNICAL PROCEDURE Here, a brief discussion on how the technical requirements of the reader will be met should be given. This discussion incorporates the following aspects: Methods and Sources: You need to tell the reader the methods and sources which you will be using to collect the required statistical data for your project. Plan of Attack: Here you are required to present the methodology you would adopt to carry out the project. Sequence of activities: This section pertains to managing the job in question. you can present to your client a clear picture of the phases of activities of the project and how long each phase will take. 14
- 15. MANAGERIAL PROCEDURE Equipment, Facilities, Products: You may explain the existing equipment, facilities, etc. at your end and also the additional facilities which you may need to carry out the project. You may elaborate upon your infrastructure by listing all the equipment, products, facilities, etc. Personnel: This section presents the details of manpower requirement to complete the project. It also elaborates the technical expertise your personnel have to accomplish the project. 15 Conclusion This last section of the body of the proposal provides a final opportunity to you to re-emphasize and persuade the recipient that you have all the resources in terms of material, expertise, and enthusiasm to accomplish the project.
- 16. Appendices: as in formal reports, are optional in proposals also. Visuals (maps or graphs) and some pertinent letters of support and endorsement can be added. But when in doubt it is better to leave out appendices. References: give the list of sources which are used or quoted in the proposal. Mostly, these find a place in research proposals which require documentation. Bibliography: are sources used for developing an understanding but are not quoted in the proposal. 16 3.SUPLIMENTRY PART
- 17. 17 BY AJAY