Algae generation for biofuel using an enclosed system
- 1. Algae generation for biofuel using an enclosed system with artificial lighting Jaal Mann and Michael Karch, for Energy Systems & Climate Change at The Evergreen State College Celsias http://www.celsias.com/media/uploads/admin/ algae_shot_1.jpg
- 2. Fossil fuels are not sustainable
- 3. Fossil fuels are not sustainable • Dwindling petroleum reserves
- 4. Fossil fuels are not sustainable • Dwindling petroleum reserves • CO2-caused global climate change
- 5. Fossil fuels are not sustainable • Dwindling petroleum reserves • CO2-caused global climate change Sustainable alternatives to fossil fuel are needed
- 6. Biofuels as a sustainable alternative to fossil fuel
- 7. Biofuels as a sustainable alternative to fossil fuel • Carbon neutral
- 8. Biofuels as a sustainable alternative to fossil fuel • Carbon neutral • Renewable
- 9. Biofuels as a sustainable alternative to fossil fuel • Carbon neutral • Renewable • Cheaper than fossil fuel
- 10. Types of biofuel • Traditional food-crop based -corn -sugar cane -soybean
- 11. Types of biofuel • Non-food biomass based -oil palm -switch grass -algae
- 12. Algae is a promising new biofuel The Algae Project http://greengineers.wikispaces.com/file/view/ algae_smiley.jpg/115440023/algae_smiley.jpg
- 13. Algae is a promising new biofuel • Up to 300x soybean yields1 The Algae Project http://greengineers.wikispaces.com/file/view/ algae_smiley.jpg/115440023/algae_smiley.jpg
- 14. Algae is a promising new biofuel • Up to 300x soybean yields1 • It can be grown quickly, and has a high oil content The Algae Project http://greengineers.wikispaces.com/file/view/ algae_smiley.jpg/115440023/algae_smiley.jpg
- 15. Algae is a promising new biofuel • Up to 300x soybean yields1 • It can be grown quickly, and has a high oil content • Saltwater and wastewater can be used The Algae Project http://greengineers.wikispaces.com/file/view/ algae_smiley.jpg/115440023/algae_smiley.jpg
- 16. How is algae traditionally grown?
- 17. How is algae traditionally grown? • Open ponds
- 18. How is algae traditionally grown? • Open ponds • Raceway ponds
- 19. How is algae traditionally grown? • Open ponds • Raceway ponds • Artificial light bioreactors
- 20. How is algae traditionally grown? Can algae be grown in an enclosed artificial light system cost-effectively and more quickly than traditional methods?
- 21. What could make our enclosed artificial light system more efficient?
- 22. What could make our enclosed artificial light system more efficient? • Cheap, clean hydro-electricity
- 23. What could make our enclosed artificial light system more efficient? • Cheap, clean hydro-electricity • 24/7/365 growing period
- 24. What could make our enclosed artificial light system more efficient? • Cheap, clean hydro-electricity • 24/7/365 growing period • Efficient (9W usage) optimum- wavelength LEDs
- 25. Proposed Design • Mirror-lined box distributes light evenly
- 26. Proposed Design • Mirror-lined box distributes light evenly • CO2 promotes rapid growth
- 27. Proposed Design • Young, light- sensitive algae begin in top CO2 enriched tank
- 28. Proposed Design • Young, light- sensitive algae begin in top CO2 enriched tank • More mature algae are transferred to bottom light- intensive tank
- 29. How this project could change the world
- 30. How this project could change the world • In your garage (using your car’s CO22)
- 31. How this project could change the world • In your garage (using your car’s CO22) • 1-3% U.S. crop area = 50% transport fuel1
- 32. How this project could change the world • In your garage (using your car’s CO22) • 1-3% U.S. crop area = 50% transport fuel1 • Animal feed1
- 33. How this project could change the world • In your garage (using your car’s CO22) • 1-3% U.S. crop area = 50% transport fuel1 • Animal feed1 • Local fuel
- 34. How this project could change the world • In your garage (using your car’s CO22) • 1-3% U.S. crop area = 50% transport fuel1 • Animal feed1 • Local fuel • Reduce, reuse, recycle
- 35. How this project could change the world • In your garage (using your car’s CO22) • 1-3% U.S. crop area = 50% transport fuel1 • Animal feed1 • Local fuel • Reduce, reuse, recycle • Save the planet
- 36. The market price challenge • Cost – Currently $2.80/L1
- 37. The market price challenge • Cost – Currently $2.80/L1 – $0.69/L target to compete with $100/ barrel oil1
- 38. Possible outcomes and their implications for the future If our system is cost-effective:
- 39. Possible outcomes and their implications for the future If our system is cost-effective: • Larger scale operations
- 40. Possible outcomes and their implications for the future If our system is cost-effective: • Larger scale operations -maximize yields
- 41. Possible outcomes and their implications for the future If our system is cost-effective: • Larger scale operations -maximize yields -harvest most efficiently
- 42. Possible outcomes and their implications for the future If our system is cost-effective: • Larger scale operations -maximize yields -harvest most efficiently -ideal system construction
- 43. Possible outcomes and their implications for the future If our system is not cost-effective:
- 44. Possible outcomes and their implications for the future If our system is not cost-effective: • Research different methods
- 45. Possible outcomes and their implications for the future If our system is not cost-effective: • Research different methods -optimizing raceway ponds
- 46. Possible outcomes and their implications for the future If our system is not cost-effective: • Research different methods -optimizing raceway ponds -alternative bioreactors
- 47. Possible outcomes and their implications for the future If our system is not cost-effective: • Research different methods -optimizing raceway ponds -alternative bioreactors -other energy sources
- 48. Possible outcomes and their implications for the future If our results are inconclusive:
- 49. Possible outcomes and their implications for the future If our results are inconclusive: • Future research into our method
- 50. Possible outcomes and their implications for the future If our results are inconclusive: • Future research into our method -increasing sample size
- 51. Possible outcomes and their implications for the future If our results are inconclusive: • Future research into our method -increasing sample size -eliminating bias
- 52. Possible outcomes and their implications for the future If our results are inconclusive: • Future research into our method -increasing sample size -eliminating bias -repeat studies
- 53. Sources • 1: Chisti Yusuf, “Biodiesel from microalgae,” Biotechnology Advances 25, no. 3 (May): 294-306. <http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/ S0734975007000262> • 2: Michael Szabo, "From Wales, a box to make biofuel from car fumes," Reuters. July 2007. <http://uk.reuters.com/article/2007/07/19/uk-wales- greenbox-business-feature-pictu-idUKL1847347220070719> • Diesel engine sound: hanstimm, http://www.freesound.org/people/ hanstimm/sounds/7803/ • Car passing sound: Pingel, http://www.freesound.org/people/Pingel/ sounds/3184/ • Bubble sound: lonemonk, http://www.freesound.org/people/ lonemonk/sounds/108745/ • Rain sound: RHumphries, http://www.freesound.org/people/ RHumphries/sounds/2521/
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