![What is a String in C?
• In C, a string is an array of characters
terminated by a null character (0).
• Example: char str[] = "Hello"; is stored as {'H',
'e', 'l', 'l', 'o', '0'}.](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/allaboutstringsincprogramming-241016155434-7fbd1d5e/85/All_About_Strings_in_C_Programming-pptxn-2-320.jpg)
![Declaration and Initialization
• Declaration: char str[10]; (allocates memory
for 10 characters)
• Initialization Methods:
• - char str[] = "Hello";
• - char str[6] = {'H', 'e', 'l', 'l', 'o', '0'};](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/allaboutstringsincprogramming-241016155434-7fbd1d5e/85/All_About_Strings_in_C_Programming-pptxn-3-320.jpg)
All_About_Strings_in_C_Programming.pptxn
- 1. All About Strings in C Programming Understanding String Handling in C Your Name/Institution
- 2. What is a String in C? • In C, a string is an array of characters terminated by a null character (0). • Example: char str[] = "Hello"; is stored as {'H', 'e', 'l', 'l', 'o', '0'}.
- 3. Declaration and Initialization • Declaration: char str[10]; (allocates memory for 10 characters) • Initialization Methods: • - char str[] = "Hello"; • - char str[6] = {'H', 'e', 'l', 'l', 'o', '0'};
- 4. String Input and Output • Using scanf() and printf(): • - scanf("%s", str); (no spaces allowed in input) • - printf("%s", str); • Using gets() and puts(): • - gets(str); (reads a line including spaces) • - puts(str); (outputs a string)
- 5. Common String Functions in C • - strlen(): Finds the length of a string. • - strcpy(): Copies one string to another. • - strcat(): Concatenates two strings. • - strcmp(): Compares two strings.
- 6. String Manipulation Examples • Copying a String: strcpy(destination, source); • Concatenating Strings: strcat(str1, str2); • Comparing Strings: strcmp(str1, str2); (returns 0 if equal)
- 7. String Handling Functions (Detailed) • - strncpy(): Copies a specified number of characters. • - strncat(): Concatenates a specified number of characters. • - strchr() and strrchr(): Finds a character in a string (first and last occurrence). • - strstr(): Finds a substring in a string.
- 8. Escape Sequences in Strings • Common escape sequences: • - n (newline) • - t (tab) • - (backslash) • - " (double quote) • Usage examples in C strings.
- 9. Best Practices for Handling Strings in C • - Always ensure the array is large enough to hold the string and the null character. • - Avoid buffer overflows by checking the length of strings. • - Use strncpy and strncat for safer copying and concatenation.
- 10. Summary • - Strings are arrays of characters in C. • - Several library functions simplify string manipulation. • - Proper handling of strings is crucial for program stability.