Allred and Rochow Electronegativity
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The document discusses electronegativity, which is defined as the attractive force between an atom's nucleus and its valence electrons. It describes Allred and Rochow's definition of electronegativity as being directly proportional to the effective nuclear charge and inversely proportional to the square of the covalent radius. It also lists the factors that affect an element's effective nuclear charge, including the size of the atom, total nuclear charge, screening by inner electrons, and penetration of outer electrons into the nucleus. Finally, it shows the relationship between effective nuclear charge, electronegativity, and molybdenum's common oxidation states.
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Allred and Rochow Electronegativity
- 1. Allred and Rochow Electronegativity Dr. Mithil Fal Desai Shree Mallikarjun and Shri Chetan Manju Desai College Canacona Goa
- 3. Electronegativity is an ‘attractive force between a nucleus and an electron at a distance equal to the covalent radius.’ Allred and Rochow definition of Electronegativity 𝐹 = 𝑒2 𝑍 𝑒𝑓𝑓 𝑟2 Where, e is charge on electron, r is the covalent radius and Zeff is the effective nuclear charge. What are the factors that affect Zeff?
- 4. Factors affecting Zeff • Size of an atom • The total nuclear charge (Z). • The Screening and Shielding of the inner shell electrons and neighboring electrons of the same shell. • The extent of penetration of outermost electron into the charge cloud.
- 5. F to χ 𝐹 = 𝑒2 𝑍 𝑒𝑓𝑓 𝑟2 𝐹 = 0.744 + 0.359 𝑍 𝑒𝑓𝑓 𝑟2 χ 2.18 2.19 2.24 2.27 2.35 Molybdenu m oxidation state +2 +3 +4 +5 +6