An Improved Support Vector Machine Classifier Using AdaBoost and Genetic Algorithmic Approach towards Web Interaction Mining

Int. J. Advanced Networking and Applications
Volume: 08 Issue: 05 Pages: 3201-3208 (2017) ISSN: 0975-0290
3201
An Improved Support Vector Machine Classifier
Using AdaBoost and Genetic Algorithmic
Approach towards Web Interaction Mining
B. Kaviyarasu
Research Scholar, PG and Research Department of Computer Computer Applications,
Hindusthan College of Arts and Science, Coimbatore – 38.
Email: bkaviyarasuphd@gmail.com
Dr. A. V. Senthil Kumar
Director, PG and Research Department of Computer Computer Applications,
Hindusthan College of Arts and Science, Coimbatore – 38.
Email: avsenthilkumar@gmail.com
----------------------------------------------------------------------ABSTRACT-----------------------------------------------------------
Predicting the objective of internet users has divergent applications in the areas such as e-commerce,
entertainment in online, and several internet-based applications. The critical part of the classifying internet
queries based on obtainable features namely contextual information, keywords and their semantic relationships.
This research paper presents an improved support vector machine classifier that makes use of ad boost genetic
algorithmic approach towards web interaction mining. Around 31 participants are chosen and given topics to
search web contents. Parameters such as precision, recall and F1 score are taken for comparing the proposed
classifier with the classical support vector machine. Results proved that the proposed classifier achieves better
performance than that of the conventional SVM.
Keywords: Web interaction mining, algorithm, support vector machine, classifier, ad boost, genetic algorithm.
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Date of Submission: April 03, 2017 Date of Acceptance: April 13, 2017
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1. INTRODUCTION
Web mining is the application of data mining
methods to extract knowledge from internet
information, together with internet documents,
hyperlinks between records, usage logs of web sites,
and many others. Web mining is the withdrawal of
potentially valuable patterns and implicit understanding
from pastime related to the site. This extracted
knowledge will also be extra used to enhance web
utilization such that prediction of subsequent page
likely to accessed through consumer, crime detection
and future prediction, person profiling and to recognize
about person searching hobbies [Monika Dhandi,
Rajesh Kumar Chakrawarti.,2016] [8].
Web Mining can be comprehensively isolated into three
particular classes, as indicated by the sorts of
information to be mined. The review of the three
classifications of web mining [T. Srivastava et al.,2013]
[11] discussed below are (1) Web Content Mining (2)
Web Structure Mining (3) Web Interaction Mining.
1.1. Web Content Mining (WCM): WCM is the way
toward extricating helpful data from the substance
of web archives. Depicted information relates to
the gathering of certainties of a web page were
intended to pass on to the clients. It might comprise
of content, pictures, sound, video, or organized
records, for example, records and tables.
1.2. Web Structure Mining (WSM): The structure of
a distinctive web comprises of Web pages as nodes,
and web link as edges associating related pages.
Web Structure Mining is the way toward finding
structure data from the Web. This can be further
partitioned into two sorts in view of the sort of
structure data utilized.
(a) Hyperlinks: A Hyperlink is a basic unit that
interfaces an area in a page to stand-out region,
either inside the indistinguishable web page or on
an alternate page.
(b) Document Structure: Moreover, the substance
inside a page will likewise be composed in a tree-
organized structure, headquartered on the more
than a couple of HTML and XML labels inside the
website page. Mining endeavors right have
intrigued undoubtedly by separating document
object model (DOM) structures out of documents.
1.3. Web Interaction Mining (WIM): WIM is the use
of data mining procedures to find intriguing
utilization designs from Web information, with a
specific end goal to comprehend and better serve
the requirements of Web-based applications. Use of
information catches the character or source of web
clients alongside their perusing conduct at a
webpage. WUM itself can be grouped further
contingent upon the sort of use information
considered:
(a) Web Server Data: The client logs are gathered by
Web server. Small range of the information
incorporates IP address, page reference and get
to time.

3202
(b) Application Server Data: Commercial
application servers, for example, Web-logic,
Story-Server have noteworthy components to
empower E-trade applications to be based on top
of them with little exertion. A key component is
the capacity to track different sorts of business
occasions and log them in application server
logs.
(c) Application Level Data: New sorts of occasions
can be characterized in an application, and
logging can be turned on for them - producing
histories of these uniquely characterized
occasions.
2. RELATED WORKS
T. Cheng et al.,2013 [9] have provided three
information offerings: entity synonym information
carrier, query-to-entity information service and entity
tagging knowledge provider. The entity synonym
service used to be an in-creation knowledge carrier that
used to be presently available whilst the other two are
information services presently in progress at Microsoft.
Their experiments on product datasets exhibit (i) these
knowledge offerings have excessive best and (ii)
they've gigantic influence on consumer experiences on
e-tailer web sites.
M. Nayrolles and A. Hamou-Lhadj.,2016 [7] proposed
BUMPER (BUg Metarepository for dEvelopers and
Researchers), a customary infrastructure for developers
and researchers inquisitive about mining information
from many (heterogeneous) repositories. BUMPER
used to be an open supply web-founded environment
that extracts information from a variety of BR
repositories and variant manipulate systems. It was once
equipped with a strong search engine to aid customers
quickly query the repositories utilizing a single point of
access. X.
Ye et al.,2015 [12] authors proposed a new studying
method by means of a generalized loss function to
capture the subtle relevance variations of training
samples when a extra granular label constitution was
once on hand. Authors have utilized it to the Xbox
One's movie search mission the place session-
headquartered person conduct understanding was once
to be had and the granular relevance differences of
coaching samples are derived from the session logs.
When put next with the prevailing method, their new
generalized loss function has tested sophisticated
experiment efficiency measured by means of a few
consumer-engagement metrics.
The purpose of T. F. Lin and Y. P. Chi.,2014 [10] was
to make use of the applied sciences of TF-IDF, ok-
approach clustering and indexing high-quality
examination to establish the combo of key phrases to be
able to advantage seo. The learn demonstrated that it
might probably comfortably enhance the internet site's
advancement of ranking on search engine, increase
internet site's publicity level and click on through
expense.
G. Dhivya et al.,2015 [3] analyzed person conduct by
using mining enriched web entry log information. The
few net interaction mining approaches for extracting
valuable elements used to be discussed and employ all
these strategies to cluster the users of the domain to
study their behaviors comprehensively. The
contributions of this thesis are an information
enrichment that was content and starting place situated
and a treelike visualization of generic navigational
sequences. This visualization makes it possible for a
conveniently interpretable tree-like view of patterns
with highlighted primary know-how.
Z. Liao et al.,2014 [15] introduced “task trail” to
understand user search behaviors. Authors outline a
mission to be an atomic person know-how want,
whereas a challenge trail represents all person pursuits
inside that precise project, equivalent to question
reformulations, URL clicks. Previously, net search logs
have been studied by and large at session or question
stage the place customers may put up several queries
within one venture and manage several tasks inside one
session.
A. Yang et al.,2014 [2] have awarded a solution that
first identifies the customers whose kNN's possibly
plagued by the newly arrived content, after which
replace their kNN's respectively. Authors proposed a
new index constitution named HDR-tree in order to
support the effective search of affected customers.
HDR-tree continues dimensionality reduction through
clustering and principle element evaluation (PCA) so as
to make stronger the search effectiveness. To extra
scale back response time, authors proposed a variant of
HDR-tree, known as HDR-tree, that helps extra
effective but approximate solutions.
A. U. R. Khan et al.,2015 [5] have presented a cloud
carrier to explain how the status of the mass media
news can be assessed utilizing users online utilization
habits. Authors used knowledge from Google and
Wikipedia for this comparison challenge. Google data
was helpful in understanding the have an effect on of
stories on web searches whereas data from Wikipedia
enabled us to understand that articles related to rising
information content additionally find lot of attention.
J. Jojo and N. Sugana.,2013 [4] proposed a hybrid
approach which uses the ant-founded clustering and
LCS classification methods to seek out and predict
user's navigation behavior. As a result user profile may
also be tracked in dynamic pages. Personalized search
can be used to address project in the internet search
community, founded on the premise that a consumer's
normal choice may just aid the quest engine
disambiguate the real intention of a question.
M. A. Potey et al.,2013 [6] reviewed and compared the
to be had approaches to present an insight into the

3203
discipline of query log processing for expertise
retrieval.
A. Vinupriya and S. Gomathi.,2016 [1] proposed a
brand new scheme named as WPP (web page
Personalization) for powerful net page suggestions.
WPP consist of page hit rely, complete time spent in
each hyperlink, number of downloads and link
separation. Founded on these parameters the
personalization has been proposed. The procedure
proposes a brand new implicit user feedback and event
hyperlink access schemes for amazing internet web
page customization together with domain ontology.
Y. C. Fan et al.,2016 [14] proposed an information
cleansing and understanding enrichment framework for
enabling consumer alternative working out by way of
Wi-Fi logs, and introduces a sequence of filters for
cleansing, correcting, and refining Wi-Fi logs.
Y. Kiyota et al.,2015 described learn how to construct a
property search habits corpus derived from micro
blogging timelines, in which tweets concerning
property search are annotated. Authors applied micro
task-established crowd sourcing to tweet knowledge,
and construct a corpus which contains timelines of
special customers that are annotated with property
search phases.
In our previous works extreme learning machine
classifier [16] and penta layered artificial neural
networks [17] are used for web interaction pattern
mining.
3. PROPOSED WORK
3.1. Background of Support Vector Machine
The support vector machines (SVM) classifier is one
among the machine learning algorithms which is based
on the structural risk minimization principle and
statistical learning theory. The basic idea of SVM is to
transform the data into a higher dimensional space and
find a classification hyper-plane that separates the data
with the maximum margin. The standard SVM model is
as follows:
li
bxyts
C
i
iii
t
i
i
,....,2,1,0
1)))(.((.
||||
2
1
min
1
2


 



… (1)
where n
n
i Rx  and yi  { 1, +1} are the training
samples and the corresponding class label respectively,
 is a nonlinear map that transforms the data to the high
dimensional feature space,  is the normal vector to the
bounding plane, b is a bias value, i (i= 1,2,...,l) are
the slack variables, and C is a penalty parameter.
Instead of solving the above said optimization problem,
it is feasible to solve the dual problem:
liC
yts
xxkyy
i
ii
i
i
j
i
j
jijiji
i
j
i
i
,....,2,1,0
0.
).(
2
1
min
1
111











… (2)
where k(xi.xj) = )( ix . )( jx is called kernel
function. The binary classifier () gx and the decision
function f(x) could be calculated as follows:
f(x) = sign(g(x)) = sign ( bxxky iii
SVxi

),(*
 )
(3)
is
*
i an optimal solution of the problem (2), SV is the
set of support vectors,
Cifxxkyyb iiiiSVxi
i
  
***
0).,(  .
3.2. Support Vector Machine Classifier with
Adaboost Genetic Algorithmic Approach
The AdaBoost (adaptive boosting) algorithm is one of
the most popular ensemble methods. It creates a
collection of moderate classifiers by maintaining a set
of weights over training data and adjusting these
weights after each learning cycle adaptively. The
weights of the training samples which are correctly
classified by current classifier will decrease while the
weights of the samples which are misclassified will
increase. Since the proposed work has the scope to
incorporate AdaBoost algorithm, the standard SVM
needs to be extended to the SVM for which each
training sample has different weights. Now the SVM
model is transformed to
li
bxyts
C
i
iii
t
i
ii
,....,2,1,0
1)))(.((.
||||
2
1
min
1
2


 



… (4)
where ( 1,2,..., l) indicates the weight of the sample
xi . And the dual problem is as follow:

3204
liC
yts
xxkyy
i
ii
i
i
j
i
j
jijiji
i
j
i
i
,....,2,1,0
0.
).(
2
1
min
1
111











… (5)
Except for the weights of samples, the classification
performance of the proposed Adaboost-SVM is equally
affected by its model parameters. During the AdaBoost
iterations, if parameters make the classification
accuracy of ISVM less than 50%, the requirement on a
component classifier in AdaBoost cannot be satisfied.
In contrast, if the accuracy is too high, boosting
classifiers may become inefficient because the errors of
these component classifiers are highly correlated.
Hence, how to select appropriate model parameters is
important. There are many evolutionary algorithms for
searching the suitable solution in real-valued spaces.
With the advantages consisting of parallel search,
solving complex problems, and large search space, the
genetic algorithm (GA) is applied to perform the model
parameters selection in the k-fold cross-validation set.
However, the process is time consuming and may cause
the overfitting. Therefore, we adjust the model selection
procedure so that the GA could be stopped when the
cross-validation accuracy is over 0.5. In this result, the
component classifiers conform to the condition of
AdaBoost and the computational time could be saved.
Moreover, the randomness of result produced by GA
would decrease significantly after many times of
Adaboost iterations. As a result, the outcomes
corresponding to several independent runs of the hybrid
method are similar to each other. So, the process of the
proposed ISVM mechanism is relatively stable.
AdaBoost-GA-ISVM algorithm
Step1: Input - Training samples {(x1 , y1 ),(x2,
y2),...,(xn, yn)}, xi R
u
and yi {1,..., K};
Moderate classifier ISVM; The number of classes K;
The total number of the iterations T .
Step 2: Initialize: The weights of training samples:
w
l
i 1/ n,i 1,..., n ; The GA parameters include size of
population N ; Maximum number of generations
MaxI ; Length of chromosome of C and kernel
parameters l ; Crossover rate pc and mutation rate
pm .
Step 3: For t = 1,2,...,T.
a) Select appropriate parameters
i) Encode the parameter C and kernel parameters as an
l-bit string which consists of l1 bits standing for C and l2
bits standing for kernel parameters, here l= l1+ l2;
Generate an initial population consisted of N strings of
binary bit. To avoid trapping into same local optimum
in GA process, the parameters are estimated starting
from a completely new initial population for each t.
ii) For j = 1,2,..., N, obtain the jth group of parameters
by decoding the string j and train a component multi-
classifier ISVM
j
ig using these parameters on the k-
fold cross-validation data set.
iii) Calculate the average cross-validation error:
)))(,((
11
11
 

n
j
i
j
ti
N
j
t xgYI
nN
E , where the
indicator function I produces 0 if the arguments are
equal and 1 if they are different.
iv) If Et <0.5 , do step v) else the parameters satisfy the
requirement of AdaBoost
v) Perform reproduction: selection, crossover and
mutation. Then,
a) Generate new offspring population. If the
number of generation exceeds MaxI, it means that the t-
th moderate classifier is invalid, then stop the GA
iteration
b) Train a multi-classifier ISVM Gt using the
suitable parameters from a) and obtain a probabilistic
output vector probabilistic output vector
c) Compute the training error of Gt.
d) Set weight for the current classifier





 

t
t
tt InG



1
5.0:
e) Update the weights:
)}({exp1
iiit
t
l
t
i xGyww 
Step 4: Output: When the number of valid classifier
reaches T the proposed algorithm is completed.
4. Experimental Results
31 participants are taken in order to build the dataset for
evaluating the proposed model. The people that are
chosen belong to heterogeneous age groups and web
experience; similar considerations apply for education,
even though the majority of them have a computer
science or technical background. All participants were
requested to perform ten search sessions organized as
follows:
 Four guided search sessions;
 Three search sessions in which the participants
know the possible destination web sites;
 Three free search sessions in which the
participants do not know the destination web
sites.

3205
This led to 129 sessions and 353 web searches, which
were recorded and successively analyzed in order to
manually classify the intent of the user according to the
two-level taxonomy. Starting from web searches, 490
web pages and 2136 sub pages were visited. The
interaction features were logged by the inbuilt YAR
plug-in that is present in Google Chrome web browser.
For performing query classification, the proposed
ISVM presumes that the queries in a user session are
independent; Conditional Random Field (CRF)
considers the sequential information between queries,
whereas Latent Dynamic Conditional Random Fields
(LDCRF) models the sub-structure of user sessions by
assigning a disjoint set of hidden state variables to each
class label.
In order to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed
model, we adopted the classical evaluation metrics of
Information Retrieval: precision, recall, and F1-
measure. In order to simulate an operating environment,
60% of user queries were used for training the
classifiers, whereas the remaining 40% were used for
testing them. The values of the precision, recall and F1-
Score of the participants are given in Annexure 1.
Precision: It is the fraction of retrieved documents that
are relevant to the query which is calculated using (6).
   
 documentsretrieved
documentsretrieveddocumentsrelevant
precision

 … (6)
Figure 1. Comparison of Precision
Recall: It is the fraction of the documents that are
relevant to the query that are successfully retrieved. The
recall value of the SVM and ISVM algorithm is 1 and is
calculated using (7).
   
 documentsrelevant
documentsretrieveddocumentsrelevant
precision

 … (7)
F1 – Measure: F1 score is a measure of a test's
accuracy. It considers both the precision p and the recall
r of the test to compute the score. The F-1 measure is
calculated using (8).
recallprecision
recallprecision
F


.
.21 … (8)
SVM ISVM
Precision 0.75 0.8
0.72
0.73
0.74
0.75
0.76
0.77
0.78
0.79
0.8
0.81
Precision
Precision

3206
Figure2. Comparison of F-1 Score
Conclusions
This research work aims in design and development of
an improved support vector machine classifier that
makes use of adaboost genetic algorithmic approach
towards web interaction mining. Appropriate
parameters are chosen with the help of the genetic
algorithm. In order to improve the performance of the
SVM classifier Adaboost algorithm is employed.
Performance metrics such as precision, recall and F-1
score are chosen. From the results it is evident that the
proposed ISVM algorithm outperforms SVM classifier.
As a future work, the proposed algorithm will be
redesigned for mining mouse movements in the web
content.
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SVM ISVM
F1 Score 0.86 0.89
0.845
0.85
0.855
0.86
0.865
0.87
0.875
0.88
0.885
0.89
0.895
F1Score
F1 Score

3207
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pp. 698-701.
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3208
Appendix – 1
Retrieved
Documents
Precsion
for ISVM
Precision for
SVM
Recall for
ISVM
Recall
for
SVM
F1
Score
for
SVM
F1
Score
for
ISVM
P1 353 0.80 0.74 1 1 0.85 0.89
P2 350 0.81 0.77 1 1 0.87 0.90
P3 360 0.81 0.73 1 1 0.84 0.89
P4 365 0.79 0.73 1 1 0.84 0.88
P5 352 0.82 0.77 1 1 0.87 0.90
P6 358 0.79 0.76 1 1 0.87 0.88
P7 363 0.79 0.75 1 1 0.86 0.88
P8 350 0.83 0.77 1 1 0.87 0.91
P9 352 0.83 0.77 1 1 0.87 0.91
P10 365 0.82 0.75 1 1 0.86 0.90
P11 352 0.83 0.76 1 1 0.86 0.91
P12 357 0.80 0.75 1 1 0.86 0.89
P13 351 0.81 0.74 1 1 0.85 0.89
P14 360 0.80 0.76 1 1 0.87 0.89
P15 363 0.80 0.75 1 1 0.86 0.89
P16 364 0.79 0.72 1 1 0.84 0.88
P17 354 0.82 0.74 1 1 0.85 0.90
P18 353 0.80 0.75 1 1 0.86 0.89
P19 363 0.77 0.74 1 1 0.85 0.87
P20 352 0.80 0.76 1 1 0.87 0.89
P21 357 0.78 0.76 1 1 0.86 0.88
P22 359 0.83 0.76 1 1 0.86 0.91
P23 360 0.79 0.76 1 1 0.87 0.88
P24 358 0.79 0.73 1 1 0.84 0.88
P25 361 0.80 0.73 1 1 0.84 0.89
P26 350 0.84 0.75 1 1 0.86 0.91
P27 360 0.79 0.74 1 1 0.85 0.88
P28 358 0.78 0.75 1 1 0.86 0.88
P29 365 0.80 0.74 1 1 0.85 0.89
P30 367 0.80 0.74 1 1 0.85 0.89
P31 360 0.79 0.76 1 1 0.86 0.88

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An Improved Support Vector Machine Classifier Using AdaBoost and Genetic Algorithmic Approach towards Web Interaction Mining