An overview of statistics management with excel
- 1. OVERVIEWS OF STATISTICS WITH EXCEL PREPARED BY- KRISHNA CHOUDHARY PRESENTATION
- 2. STATISTICS INFORMATION We can define statistics is a science in which we collect the data, arrange it and by the analysis and interpretation of this the organization make the decision. . And data is the important tool of any organization. . Data are divided in two parts 1. Quantitative data 2. Qualitative data - by the uses of various mathematical function and various other tool in excel we can analyze the data and we can find something valuable in large data
- 3. STEM AND LEAF -Stem-and-leaf plots are a method for showing the frequency with which certain classes of values occur. -You could make a frequency distribution table or a histogram for the values, or you can use a stem- and-leaf plot and let the numbers themselves to show pretty much the same information.we can make stem leam using manual calculation or either using REPT formula in excel. DATA: 4 5 7 (a).Normal stem and leaf: (b).Stem and Leaf using REPT formula 8 16 Stem Leaf Stem Leaf 19 04578 04578 19 1699 1699 20 234599 20034599 20 30 30000 23 40 40 24 56 56 25 29 29 30 30 30 30 40 56
- 4. STEM AND LEAF USING FORMULA FORMULA-=VALUE(RIGHT(B2,1)) EXCEL FORMATDATA: 4 5 stem leaf col loc 7 0 4 1 8 0 5 16 0 7 19 0 8 19 1 6 20 1 9 20 1 9 23 2 0 24 2 0 25 2 3 29 2 4 29 2 5 30 2 9 30 2 9 30 3 0 30 3 0 40 3 0 56 3 0 4 0 5 6
- 5. FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION -A frequency distribution provides a visual representation for the distribution of observations within a particular test. Analysts often use frequency distribution to visualize or illustrate tlhe data collected in a sample. - we have taken some data lets consider it is the price of 15 bike(rupees) given in table. price of bike in rupees 641773555345546 324553432144224 345233333293753 353535323433664 352233544644456
- 6. DETERMINATION OF CLASS AND WIDTH -to determine the number of classes (k) is the “2 to the k rule.” such that 2k > n. Here we have n=15 so 2^4=16 -for the determination of the width we have the formula i (H-L)/k where i is the class interval, H is the highest observed value, L is the lowest observed value, and k is the number of classes. So the interval we got 15324.5 round Up the value to 15325 price of bike in rupees 64177 35553 45546 32455 34321 44224 max 93753 34523 33332 93753 min 32455 35353 53234 33664 interva 15324.
- 7. CLASS REPRESENTATION I HAVE USED THIS DATA FOR FOLLOWING SLIDE GRAPH PREPRATION class of the price frequency cumulative frequency relative frequency 32000-47325 11 11 0.733333333 47325-62650 2 13 0.133333333 62650-77975 1 14 0.066666667 77975-93300 1 15 0.066666667 total=15
- 8. HISTOGRAM OF PRICE RANGE VS FREQUENCY 0 5 10 15 20 25 32000-47325 47325-62650 62650-77975 Chart Title frequency cumulative frequency
- 9. PIE CHART frequency 32000-47325 47325-62650 62650-77975 77975-93300
- 10. SIMPLE GRAPH 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 32000-47325 47325-62650 62650-77975 77975-93300 frequency
- 11. PERCENTILE A percentile is a measure at which that percentage of the total values are the same as or below that measure. For example, 90% of the data values lie below the 90th percentile, whereas 10% of the data values lie below the 10th percentile. Formula:-(n+1)p/100 where p= percentile and n= total number Eg. We have 6,9,23,25,35,36,57,74,calculate the 50th percentile Solution here total no. n=8 p = 50 put these value in the formula So we get (8+1)50/100 = 4.5 so the 50th percentile is 25.5 By the above way we can find any percentile
- 12. QUARTILE- Quartile are the percentage point that break down the data set into quarter like 1quater 2nd quarter 3rd quarter, 4th quarter 1quartile= 25% percentile 2nd quartile= 50% percentile 3rd quartile= 75% percentile like wise Formula= 1st quartile= ¼(n+1)th term 3nd quartile= 3/4(n+1)th term like wise. Eg .2,3,5,6,8,9 find the 1st and 3rd quartile of this data Solution Here n= 6 so 3rd quartile ¾(6+1)th term= 5.25th term so it will be 8.25 1st quartile= ¼(6+1)th term= 1.75th term so it will be 2.75
- 13. QUATILE RANGE Quartile range is the difference between 3rd-1st quartile So we have 3rd quartile =8.25 And 1st quartile= 2.75 so inter quartile range will be 8.25-2.75=5.5
- 14. VARIANCE AND STANDARD DEVIATION -The variance (symbolized by S2) and standard deviation (the square root of the variance, symbolized by S) are the most commonly used measures of spread. Variance formulation it is for the population for samle put in place of n (n-1) in dominator - standard deviation is the square root of variance so the formula will be This for applied for the discrete types of data for the continuous data other formula is utilize
- 15. FOR DISCRETE DATA USING PREVIOUS SLIDE FORMULA IN EXCEL WE FIND OUT THE VARIANCE AND S.D OF GIVEN DATA item priceXmean(X bar) X-Xbar (X-Xbar)^2 43 42.33333333 0.666666667 0.444444444 34 42.33333333 -8.333333333 69.44444444 35 42.33333333 -7.333333333 53.77777778 23 42.33333333 -19.33333333 373.7777778 variance 197.5556 53 42.33333333 10.66666667 113.7777778 S.D 14.05545 45 42.33333333 2.666666667 7.111111111 24 42.33333333 -18.33333333 336.1111111 67 42.33333333 24.66666667 608.4444444 57 42.33333333 14.66666667 215.1111111 1778 total 381 here n=9
- 16. CONTINUOUS DATA VARIANCE AND S.D CALCULATION FORMULA FOR VARIANCE= sigma(X-Xbar)^2f/sigmaf Where f= frequency x is the the given data value xbar is mean and sigma means sum of all - and the standard deviation as we know it will be square root of the variance
- 17. CONTINUOUS DATA EXCEL SHEET CALCULATION w(kg) frequency X Xbar X-Xbar (X-Xbar)^2(X-xbar)^2f 54-57 5 55.5 69.5 -14 196 980 usingthe formulagiveninslides 58-61 7 59.5 69.5 -10 100 700 62-65 10 63.5 69.5 -6 36 360 variance 57.76 66-69 12 67.5 69.5 -2 4 48 S.D 7.6 70-73 6 71.5 69.5 2 4 24 74-77 5 75.5 69.5 6 36 180 78-81 4 79.5 69.5 10 100 400 82-85 1 83.5 69.5 14 196 196 50 556 2888
- 18. MEAN, MEDIAN MODE 1, UNGROUPED DATA Mean- it is the sum of all number divided by total number Median- it means the middle value Mode – it means the most repetitive number in data know as mode Take eg. If 2,4,5,3,5,5,4,6,5 is the given data find mean, median mode data 2 mean 4.333333 3 median 5 4 mode 5 4 5 5 5 5
- 19. MEAN, MEDIAN AND MODE OF GROUPED DATA Mean = sigma fx/sigma f Where f is the frequency and x is the mid value of the grouped data w(kg) frequency mid value(X) fX c frequency 54-57 5 55.5 277.5 5 58-61 7 59.5 416.5 12 62-65 10 63.5 635 22 66-69 12 67.5 810 34 70-73 6 71.5 429 40 74-77 5 75.5 377.5 45 78-81 4 79.5 318 49 82-82 1 83.5 83.5 50 50 3347 here we have sigmafx 3347 sigmaf 50 mean 66.94
- 20. MEDIAN OF CONTINUOUS DATA
- 21. CALCULATION (MEDIAN) w(kg) frequency mid value(X) fX c frequency 54-57 5 55.5 277.5 5 58-61 7 59.5 416.5 12 62-65 10 63.5 635 22 66-69 12 67.5 810 34 70-73 6 71.5 429 40 74-77 5 75.5 377.5 45 78-81 4 79.5 318 49 82-82 1 83.5 83.5 50 50 3347 here given using slide formula in excel L 66 median 66.75 n/2 25 p.c.f 22 f 12 i 3
- 22. MODE
- 23. CALCULATION OF MODE w(kg) frequency mid value(X) fX c frequency 54-57 5 55.5 277.5 5 58-61 7 59.5 416.5 12 62-65 10 63.5 635 22 66-69 12 67.5 810 34 70-73 6 71.5 429 40 74-77 5 75.5 377.5 45 78-81 4 79.5 318 49 82-82 1 83.5 83.5 50 50 3347 here given using slide formula in excel L 66 mode 66.75 f1 12 f0 10 f2 6 i 3
- 24. COVARIANCE Covariance is a statistical tool that is used to determine the relationship between the movement of two asset prices.
- 25. CALCULATION using formula given in slide x Y x-xbar y-ybar (x-xbar)*(y-ybar) 22 21 -9.71429 -55 534.2857143 covariance -589.857 44 23 12.28571 -53 -651.1428571 -12 3 -43.7143 -73 3191.142857 23 54 -8.71429 -22 191.7142857 14 353 -17.7143 277 -4906.857143 67 43 35.28571 -33 -1164.428571 64 35 32.28571 -41 -1323.714286 -4129 average 31.71429 76 n 7
- 26. THE COEFFICIENT OF CORRELATIONcorrelation coefficients are used to assess the strength and direction of the linear relationships between pairs of variables Where sx is the standard deviation of x variable and sy is the standard deviation of y variable
- 27. CALCULATION ON EXCEL using formula given in slide x Y x-xbar y-ybar (x-xbar)*(y-ybar) 22 21 -9.71429 -55 534.2857143 covariance -589.857 44 23 12.28571 -53 -651.1428571 -12 3 -43.7143 -73 3191.142857 Coeffient of correlation -2561.46 23 54 -8.71429 -22 191.7142857 14 353 -17.7143 277 -4906.857143 67 43 35.28571 -33 -1164.428571 64 35 32.28571 -41 -1323.714286 -4129 average 31.71429 76 n 7 S.D 26.27717 114.109
- 28. COEFFICIENT OF VARIANCE The coefficient of variation (CV) is the ratio of the standard deviation to the mean.
- 29. CALCULATION USING FORMULA using formula given in slide x Y x-xbar y-ybar (x-xbar)*(y-ybar) 22 21 -9.71429 -55 534.2857143 covariance -589.857 44 23 12.28571 -53 -651.1428571 -12 3 -43.7143 -73 3191.142857 Coeffient of correlation -2561.46 23 54 -8.71429 -22 191.7142857 14 353 -17.7143 277 -4906.857143 67 43 35.28571 -33 -1164.428571 64 35 32.28571 -41 -1323.714286 -4129 average 31.71429 76 n 7 S.D 26.27717 114.109 coefficient of variance 82.85595 150.1434
- 30. IF FUNCTION The IF function runs a logical test and returns one value for a TRUE result, and another for a FALSE result. BY using this if function in excel we can performed the logical test we can find true, flase and several other parameters using ifs and if function SUBJECT MARKS RESULTS PHY 50 PASS CHE 34 FAILS MATH 24 FAILS ENG 65 PASS ECO 55 PASS
- 31. VLOOKUP VLOOKUP stands for 'Vertical Lookup'. It is a function that makes Excel search for a certain value in a column (the so called 'table array'), in order to return a value from a different column in the same row. ProductidProductnamecountry email 2002 Xylocaine Bolotnoyelnials0@accuweather.com 2004 LANEIGESkinVeil FoundationEXNo.23SandBeigeNyazepetrovskdhadye1@biblegateway.com Productid productname country email 1999 CLINIMIX BangusKulonnrockey2@mashable.com 2002 Xylocaine lnials0@accuweather.com 2001 BupropionHydrochlorideOklahomaCityimewe3@storify.com 1988 BerkleyandJensenTriple AntibioticLeloboko jwheeliker4@google.com 2007 BrainPowerMeringkikrhalliberton5@tinypic.com 2004 Venlafaxine HydrochlorideGhĕro cfooter6@bandcamp.com 2001 MAXITROLMyaydo cmeaden7@biblegateway.com 2012 ZOCOR Warungbuahlbosward8@seattletimes.com 1992 Atovaquone andProguanil HydrochlorideKolobovo dgrime9@shutterfly.com
- 32. HLOOKUP HLOOKUP when your comparison values are located in a row across the top of a table of data, and you want to look down a specified number of rows. Product idProduct namecountry email 2002 Xylocaine Bolotnoyelnials0@accuweather.com 2004 LANEIGESkin Veil Foundation EX No. 23Sand BeigeNyazepetrovskdhadye1@biblegateway.com Product id product name country email 1999 CLINIMIX Bangus Kulonnrockey2@mashable.com 2002 Xylocaine 2001 Bupropion HydrochlorideOklahomaCityimewe3@storify.com 2004 LANEIGESkin Veil Foundation EX No. 23Sand Beige 1988 Berkley and Jensen Triple AntibioticLeloboko jwheeliker4@google.com 2007 Brain PowerMeringkikrhalliberton5@tinypic.com 2004 Venlafaxine HydrochlorideGhĕro cfooter6@bandcamp.com 2001 MAXITROLMyaydo cmeaden7@biblegateway.com 2012 ZOCOR Warungbuahlbosward8@seattletimes.com 1992 Atovaquone and Proguanil HydrochlorideKolobovo dgrime9@shutterfly.com
- 33. VLOOKUP RANGE USING IF FUNCTIONThe range of cells in which the VLOOKUP will search for the lookup_value and the return value. You can use a named range or a table, and you can use names in the argument instead of cell references. Applied formula for calculation in excel is IF(ISTEXT(F5),VLOOKUP(F5,B5:D8,3,0),VLOOKUP(F5,C5:D8,2,0)) If Formula with Vlookup Name ID Rank Name Or Id Rank Anil 1001 A 1001 A Jack 1002 B Rahul 1003 C Aman 1004 D
- 34. DATA AND DATA BASE Sumif:-The SUMIF function returns the sum of cells in a range that meet a single condition. The first argument is the range to apply criteria to, the second argument is the criteria, and the last argument is the range containing values to sum. I utilize this formula in excel SUMIF(M11:M18,"sun",O11:O18) day product sale sun detergent 122 mon milk 124 total Sunday sale tue rice 245 3789 wed cheese 5335 thrus rice 355 fri t shirt 345 sat frok 355 sun meat 3667
- 35. SUMIFS SUMIFS is a function to sum cells that meet multiple criteria. SUMIFS can be used to sum values when adjacent cells meet criteria based on dates, numbers, and text. SUMIFS supports logical operators (>,<,<>,=) and wildcards (*,?) for partial matching. Used formula in excel SUMIFS(C2:C11,A2:A11,Npath,A2:A11,Oloo EMPLOYEESCOLOUR SALE Npath Purple $6.29 Skibox Puce $9.87 JabbersphereGoldenrod $8.73 Aimbu Aquamarine $5.01 Demivee Mauv $0.31 npath and oloo total sales PhotobeanGoldenrod $6.35 $11.62 Dynazzy Teal $1.91 Blogspan Orange $4.55 Ailane Purple $9.88 Oloo Maroon $5.33
- 36. AVERAGEIF The AVERAGEIF function in Excel calculates the average of cells that meet one criteria. AVERAGEIFS calculates the average of cells that meet multiple criteria. Formula used in excel =AVERAGEIF(B2:B11,"Purple",C2:C11) EMPLOYEESCOLOUR SALE Npath Purple $6.29 Skibox Puce $9.87 JabbersphereGoldenrod $8.73 Aimbu Aquamarine $5.01 Demivee Mauv $0.31 average of purple PhotobeanGoldenrod $6.35 $8.09 Dynazzy Teal $1.91 Blogspan Orange $4.55 Ailane Purple $9.88 Oloo Maroon $5.33